Study on clinical characteristics, X-ray and tidal volume in 48 patients (mean age: 66.7 ± 7.32) have co-morbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis at Bach Mai Hospital from February to September 2004. Male to female ratio was 15 to 1. 89.6% patients were smoker. 73% of patients have smoked over 15 packs per year. 34 patients (70.8%) had bronchiectasis after 5 years having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 23 patients (47.3%) had this condition after 6 to 10 years of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Symptoms were breathing difficulty in 100% patients, barre form thorax in 72.9% patients, change in diaphragm form in plain X-ray in 100% patients. RV,RV/TLC increased by more than 20% SLT in 100% patients. 81.2% patients had disease at degree III, IV
Bronchiectasis ; Diagnosis ; X-Rays

Bronchiectasis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans

Endobronchial lipomas are rare lesions that usually obstruct a major bronchus and cause irreversible pulmonary damage distally. They are histologically benign tumors. But they can produce pulmonary damage or irreversible bronchiectasis if dignoses or treatments are delayed. Whenever possible, the treatment of choice is resection by means of bronchoscopy. If endoscopic removal is not possible or if the nature of the tumor is unclear, surgery is necessary, with lobectomy or pneumonectomy being required in most cases due to the extensively damaged pulmonary parenchyma. We present a case of endobronchial lipoma causing bronchial obstruction and peripheral organizing pneumonia with its clinical features, diagnosis and treatment methods.
Bronchi ; Bronchiectasis ; Bronchoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Lipoma* ; Pneumonectomy ; Pneumonia

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this descriptive review was to delineate the current knowledge of bronchiectasis in terms of prevalence, burden of disease, pathophysiology, and management.

DATA SOURCESThe National Library of Medicines MEDLINE and PubMed database (2005-2013) were used to conduct a search using the keyword term "bronchiectasis". The references for articles being considered for inclusion were searched from additional sources such as conference proceedings.

STUDY SELECTIONCriteria for inclusion of articles included data outlining epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and evidence-based guidelines for management of bronchiectasis. In assessing the quality of the articles, factors such as size of the population studied, clinical setting of the study, and whether or not the studies were prospective or retrospective were taken into consideration. Review articles were also included in our data collection. RESULTS Despite many advances in modern medicine, bronchiectasis still remains a significant public health problem in developed countries and the developing world. It carries a significant burden worldwide in terms of morbidity and mortality, as well as financially to the affected population. In addition, bronchiectasis may associate with chronic airflow obstruction, regardless of smoking status.

CONCLUSIONSBronchiectasis is a debilitating illness responsible for significant morbidity with a poor health-related quality of life. The condition has a substantial socioeconomic cost because both primary and secondary healthcare resources are frequently used and periods of sick leave are common.

Asthma is the most common disease of the lungs, and one that poses specific challenges for the physicians including radiologist. This article reviews for the clinical diagnosis, Radiologic features, and differential diagnosis of asthma, and outlines the radiologic features of the complications of asthma. Bronchial wall thickening and hyperinflation characterize the chest radiograph of the patients with asthma. On CT scan one may see airway wall thickening, thickened centrilobular structures, and focal or diffuse hyperlucency. Apparent bronchial dilatation may be seen, but the diagnosis of bronchiectasis should be made with caution. Quantification of changes in the airway wall and lung parenchyma may be valuable in understanding the mechanisms of asthma and in evaluating the effects of treatment. The challenge for the physician evaluating the images of a patient with asthma is to find complications.
Asthma* ; Bronchiectasis ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Lung ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a pulmonary disease with small prevalence. Exposure to aspergillus mold causes immunologic hypersensitivity and may cause ranges of symptoms from minimal to detrimental outcomes. Diagnosing and treating the disease before the development of bronchiectasis may save the patient from poor outcomes. This report presents a case of recurrent ABPA without any symptom of asthma, which impeded the correct diagnosis even after numerous hospitalizations.
Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary ; Aspergillus ; Asthma ; Bronchiectasis ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Fungi ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Lung Diseases ; Prevalence

Endobronchial lipoma is a rare, benign neoplasm of the large bronchi, which makes up about 0.1 percent of all lung tumors. It can produce irreversible parenchymal lung damage or bronchiectasis if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. The treatment of endobronchial lipoma is early removal and surgical procedures depend on the status of distal parenchymal lung damage. We experienced a case of endobronchial lipoma in 53 year-old female patient, which caused total collapse of left lung and save left lung by enucleation of tumor via bronchotomy.
Bronchi ; Bronchiectasis ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoma* ; Lung* ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Atelectasis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the high-resolution CT features of Swyer-James syndrome with special attention to the airway lesions and to determine the clinical utility of high-resolution CT compared with that of chest radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In seven patients with Swyer-James syndrome, we retrospectively reviewed chest radiographs obtained during inspiration and expiration and high-resolution CT scans obtained in inspiration. The high-resolution CT appearance was evaluated and compared with that of chest radiography. RESULTS: On both chest radiographs and high-resolution CT, the affected lung volume was relatively diminished in four patients and normal in three patients. In all seven patients, chest readiographs showed hyperlucency of the lung which was unilateral in four and bilateral in three patients. Unilateral small hilum was seen in six patients and bronchiectasis was demonstrated in one patient on chest radiographs. The hyperlucent lung volume was not diminished on expiratory radiographs in all seven patients. In all patients, high-resolution CT demonstrated low attenuation regions of the lung either bilaterally(n=5) or unilaterally(n=2). Pulmonary vessels were markedly decreased in size and number in the lung parenchyma with low attenuation. Six patients had bronchiectasis on high-resolution CT, which were cylindrical or varicose in five and cystic in one. Bronchiolectasis was observed in three patients on high-resolution CT. CONCLUSION: The high-resolution CT findings are characteristic of Swyer-James syndrome. High-resolution CT is more sensitive than chest radiography in detecting regions of low attenuation and bronchiectasis and may be useful for the diagnosis of Swyer-James syndrome. Our results suggest that bronchiectasis is a frequently associated airway lesion of Swyer-James syndrome and bronchiolectasis may be associated in some cases.
Bronchiectasis ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung, Hyperlucent* ; Radiography ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To compare the precise roles of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) in the evaluation of patients presenting with hemoptysis and to determine the optimal timing for HRCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of HRCT and FOB were compared in 23 patients (15 men, 8 women) presenting with hemoptysis. Etiologies included bronchietasis (n=4), parenchymal pulmonary tuberculosis (n=4), lung cancer (n=4), endobronchial tuberculosis (n=2), and broncholithiasis (n=2). Hemoptysis was proved to be due to miscellaneous causes in an additional three cases and to be cryptogenic in four. The diagnostic results of FOB performed before and after HRCT were compared as were those of HRCT performed within and after the first 48 hours of active bleeding. RESULTS: FOB and HRCT offered a correct diagnosis in 39% and 65% of cases, respectively (p=0.005). HRCT demonstrated three cases of bronchiectasis and three of parenchymal pulmonary tuberculosis which were beyond the range of a bronchoscope. In two of five cases in which HRCT findings were nonspecific, chondromatous hamartoma and lung cancer were confirmed by FOB. In cases where HRCT was performed prior to FOB, the latter demonstrated the location and diagnosis in 82% and 47% of cases, respectively (p=0.303) ; when HRCT was performed after FOB, HRCT was correct in 67% and 17% of cases, respectively (p=0.178). In none of three cases (0%) in which HRCT was performed during the first 48 hours of active bleeding did the procedure allow a specific diagnosis. In 15 of 20 (75%) cases in which HRCT was performed after the first 48 hours, however, the diagnosis provided by CT was correct. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that in patients presenting with hemoptysis, both HRCT and FOB should be used for evaluation, since they are diagnostically complementary. FOB is more useful for the diagnosis of endobronchial lesion, and HRCT for bronchiectasis and parenchymal pulmonary tuberculosis. If, in cases of hemoptysis, initial diagnosis is attempted within the first 48 hours of active bleeding, FOB should be the initial step, and HRCT images should not be obtained until active bleeding has been shown on plain chest radiograph to have abated. If this initial approach takes place after the first 48 hours of active bleeding, FOB and HRCT are equally suitable.
Bronchiectasis ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy* ; Diagnosis ; Hamartoma ; Hemoptysis* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The Swyer-James syndrome is a relatively uncommon disease entity presented with unilateral hyperlucent lung due to hypoplasia of a pulmonary artery and bronchiectasis of the affected lung. The main finding is a hyperlucent lung with small hilar shadows on the chest X-ray. Pulmonary angiography is the standard method for diagnosis. We report a case of the Swyer-James syndrome with a brief review of literature.
Angiography ; Bronchiectasis ; Diagnosis ; Lung ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung, Hyperlucent* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Thorax