Study on 74 breast cancer patients after radiotherapy in K Hospital, Hanoi. Results: Vitexin capsule decreased the lesion of leukocyte cells after radiotherapy compared with control group. After radiotherapy, TCD4, TCD8 lymphocytes decreased statistical significantly in comparison with before treatment. After taking drug for 2 months (4 capsules/day, 100mg/capsule divided 2 times), the cells were being recovery with different levels, the number of TCD8 in Vitexin group was higher than those in the control group. The findings suggested that the Vitexin had ability to recover quickly the numerous of damaged immune cells during radiotherapy
Breast Neoplasms ; Apigenin ; Radiotherapy

Despite the age, the profession, the living locality, patients with breast cancer of II, III stage, treated by surgery plus radiotherapy, in post-operation follow up at K Hospital. 60 patients were treated by tablets of vitexin for 2 months and 30 controlled subjects used 50mg vitamin C as placebo. In vitexin group after radiotherapy, lympho cell count was restored by 71.6%, while in control group, the restoration of lympho cell counts has no statistic signification. Results of study show the efficacy of vitexin after radiotherapy for breast cancer patients, the immunological response is strengthened
Breast Neoplasms ; Radiotherapy ; Disease ; Therapeutics ;

In the case of radiotherapy following breast conservation therapy for breast cancer patients, the characteristic of skin dose was investigated in the treatment of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for breast cancer patients by comparing and analysing entrance skin dose irradiated during radiotherapy using tangential technique radiotherpy, and IMRT. The calculation dose irradiated to breast skin was compared with TLD measurement dose in treatment planning by performing the two methods of radiotherapy using tangential technique, and IMRT in treatment planning equipment. The skin absorbed dose was measured to pass a nipple by spacing of 1 cm distance from center to edge of body. In the radiotherapy of tangential technique, for the irradiation of 180 cGy to PTV, the calculation dose was ranged from 103.6 cGy to 155.2 cGy, measurement dose was ranged from 107.5 cGy to 156.2 cGy, and skin dose in the center was maximum 1.45 times more irradiated than that in the edge. In the IMRT, for the irradiation of 180 cGy to PTV, the calculation dose was ranged 9.8 cGy at 80.2 cGy, measurement dose was ranged 8.9 cGy at 77.2 cGy, and skin dose in the center was maximum 0.23 times less irradiated than that in the edge. IMRT was more effective for skin radiation risks because radiation dose irradiated to skin in IMRT was much less than that in radiotherapy of tangential field technique.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Nipples ; Radiotherapy ; Skin*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to quantify the target coverage, homogeneity, and robustness of the dose distributions against geometrical uncertainties associated with four whole breast radiotherapy techniques. METHODS: The study was based on the planning-computed tomography-datasets of 20 patients who underwent whole breast radiotherapy. A total of four treatment plans (wedge, field-in-field [FIF], hybrid intensity-modulated radiotherapy [IMRT], and full IMRT) were created for each patient. The hybrid IMRT plans comprised two opposed tangential open beams plus two IMRT beams. Setup errors were simulated by moving the beam isocenters by 5 mm in the anterior or posterior direction. RESULTS: With the original plan, the wedge technique yielded a high volume receiving > or =107% of the prescription dose (V107; 7.5%+/-4.2%), whereas the other three techniques yielded excellent target coverage and homogeneity. A 5 mm anterior displacement caused a large and significant increase in the V107 (+5.2%+/-4.1%, p<0.01) with the FIF plan, but not with the hybrid IMRT (+0.4%+/-1.2%, p=0.11) or full IMRT (+0.7%+/-1.8%, p=0.10) plan. A 5-mm posterior displacement caused a large decrease in the V95 with the hybrid IMRT (-2.5%+/-3.7%, p<0.01) and full IMRT (-4.3%+/-5.1%, p<0.01) plans, but not with the FIF plan (+0.1%+/-0.7%, p=0.74). The decrease in V95 was significantly smaller with the hybrid IMRT plan than with the full IMRT plan (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The FIF, hybrid IMRT, and full IMRT plans offered excellent target coverage and homogeneity. Hybrid IMRT provided better robustness against geometrical uncertainties than full IMRT, whereas FIF provided comparable robustness to that of hybrid IMRT.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Humans ; Prescriptions ; Radiotherapy* ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated

60 breast cancer patients in the II and III phrase were treated on the regime: Surgery with after radiotherapy at the II radio Department, K Hospital in Ha Noi. These breast cancer patients after radiotherapy, Vitexin was used within continuous 2 months and 30 patients in the control group with placebo of 50mg Vitamine C. The number of lymphocytes were significantly increased after radiotherapy. In the presence of phytohemaglutinin, Vitexin also restores the number of lumphocytes to the level before radiotherapy significantly.
Breast Neoplasms ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Diseases ; Apigenin ; Radiotherapy

Background: The effect of treatment delays on the quality of life of breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy remains to be seen, especially from quarantine measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) of breast cancer patients referred for radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: This cross-sectional analysis included histopathologically proven breast cancer patients referred for radiotherapy at the Philippine General Hospital from June to October 2020. The University of the Philippines-Department of Health Quality of Life Scale for Cancer Patients was used to assess the HR-QOL of the respondents across five domains. Results: A total of 60 respondents (median age of 52, range 33-71) were surveyed and eligible for analysis. College degree holders and good performers were associated with higher HR-QOL scores (p=0.008). The median interval from diagnosis to survey was 10.7 (SD±6.18) months and a longer illness duration was detrimental to HR-QOL. Overall, the global HR-QOL score was high (80.0% of respondents, HR-QOL score of 5.38±0.46). This was observed in all, except for the cognitive domain where HR-QOL was moderate among respondents (4.24±0.76). Conclusion This assessment was conducted within seven months into the pandemic, when an overall high HR-QOL score was observed among breast cancer patients. With further restrictions in treatment census encountered during the pandemic, strategies are recommended to address these indicators of health related QOL in this patient population through equitable and prompt access to needed care, such as radiotherapy.
Breast Neoplasms ; COVID-19 ; Quality of Life ; Radiotherapy

Leptomeningeal metastsis (LM) is a disease where the tumor cells involves the leptomeninges. Breast cancer, of all solid tumors, is the primary tumor most frequently associated with leptomeningeal metastasis. Leptomeningeal metastasis originating from breast cancer is usually detected at an advanced stage, so its evaluation and aggressive treatment are difficult. Leptomeningeal metastasis, from solid tumors, has been reported to inexorably lead to death within 4 to 6 weeks if left untreated. Intrathecal or Intraventricular chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the mainstays of treatment. Even though controversial, systemic chemotherapy, with regional radiotherapy, can also improve the neurological outcome and survival, without neurotoxicity. Here, two patients with leptomeningeal metastasis, originating from breast cancer, their clinical course and treatment modalities are reported.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Radiotherapy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the movement of surgical clips implanted in breast tumor bed during normal breathing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients receiving breast post-operative radiotherapy were selected for this study. Each patient was simulated in a common treatment position. Fluoroscopic images were recorded every 0.033 s, 30 frames per 1 second, for 10 seconds in anterior to posterior (AP), lateral, and tangential direction except one patient's images which were recorded as a rate of 15 frames per second. The movement of surgical clips was recorded and measured, thereby calculated maximal displacement of each clip in AP, lateral, tangential, and superior to inferior (SI) direction. For the comparison, we also measured the movement of diaphragm in SI direction. RESULTS: From AP direction's images, average movement of surgical clips in lateral and SI direction was 0.8+/-0.5 mm and 0.9+/-0.2 mm and maximal movement was 1.9 mm and 1.2 mm. Surgical clips in lateral direction's images were averagely moved 1.3+/-0.7 mm and 1.3+/-0.5 mm in AP and SI direction with 2.6 mm and 2.6 mm maximal movement in each direction. In tangential direction's images, average movement of surgical clips and maximal movement was 1.2+/-0.5 mm and 2.4 mm in tangential direction and 0.9+/-0.4 mm and 1.7 mm in SI direction. Diaphragm was averagely moved 14.0+/-2.4 mm and 18.8 mm maximally in SI direction. CONCLUSION: The movement of clips caused by breathing was not as significant as the movement of diaphragm. And all surgical clip movements were within 3 mm in all directions. These results suggest that for breast radiotherapy, it may not necessary to use breath-holding technique or devices to control breath.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diaphragm ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; Respiration* ; Surgical Instruments*

However, long-term results of retrospective studies suggest that, for the great majority of individuals, mastectomy or conservative surgery with radiation therapy were be equally effective. The results at 5 and 10 years from prospective randomized trials indicate that survival following primary radiation therapy for early breast cancer is equivalent to that following mastectomy. When competently performed, primary radiation therapy gives highly satisfactory cosmetic results and acceptably low rates of local tumor recurrence. A number of controversial issues remain concerning patient evaluation and selection and the optimal techniques of treatment, both surgical and radiotherapeutic. In addition, further work is needed to clearity the best way to integrate primary radiotherapy with adjuvant systemic treatment. And further follow-up these patients with primary radiation therapy for early breast cancer will be required for ultimate proof of the relative merits. A case which was conservative surgery and radical irradiation of early breast cancer with review of literatures will be done.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Radiotherapy* ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to identify body image changes and physical suffering during radiotherapy among breast cancer patients following breast conserving operations and establish correlations between the two. METHODS: Twenty seven patients were recruited in this survey design. Patient interviews and patient-reported questionnaires were used to collect data from March 1 to July 30, 2013. The questionnaire included 18 items about body image and 10 items about physical suffering. RESULTS: Patients' body image during radiotherapy following breast conserving operation turned significantly negative. Likewise, patients' physical suffering increased significantly during radiotherapy. Body image and physical suffering were inversely correlated (p=.031). CONCLUSION: Breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy following breast conserving operations go through changes in body image. Timely and proper interventions for physical suffering during radiotherapy would help to set up and maintain a positive body image.
Body Image* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Radiotherapy* ; Surveys and Questionnaires