Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; China/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between depressive disorder and breast cancer, and to study the features of depressive disorder in patients before and after suffering breast cancer.

METHODSWhether 40 breast cancer patients had depressive disorder and their degrees were assessed by filling in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) at Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. The correlation between depressive disorder and the occurrence and progression of breast cancer, as well as its features were studied.

RESULTSThe occurrence of general depressive disorder in breast cancer patients before they suffered from breast cancer was 72.5% (29/40 cases). The occurrence of confirmed depression was 2.5% (1/40 cases). The total depressive disorder rate was 75.0% (30/40 cases).They were 60. 0% (24/40 cases), 7.5% (3/40 cases), and 67. 5% (27/40 cases) in breast cancer patients after they suffered from breast cancer.

CONCLUSIONBreast cancer patients have depressive disorder to various levels before and after suffering from breast cancer, which should raise clinical attention and corresponding intervention.

Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; psychology ; Depressive Disorder ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

With the growing threat of malignancy to health, it is necessary to analyze cancer incidence and patient survival rates among the residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai to formulate better cancer prevention strategies. A total of 43,613 cancer patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2006 were recruited from the Pudong New Area Cancer Registry. The incidence, observed survival rate, and relative survival rate of patients grouped by sex, age, geographic area, and TNM stage were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier, life table, and Ederer II methods, respectively. Between 2002 and 2006, cancer incidence in Pudong New Area was 349.99 per 100,000 person-years, and the 10 most frequently diseased sites were the lung, stomach, colon and rectum, liver, breast, esophagus, pancreas, brain and central nervous system, thyroid, and bladder. For patients with cancers of the colon and rectum, breast, thyroid, brain and central nervous system, and bladder, the 5-year relative survival rate was greater than 40%, whereas patients with cancers of the liver and pancreas had a 5-year relative survival rate of less than 10%. The 1-year to 5-year survival rates for patients grouped by sex, age, geographic area, and TNM stage differed significantly (all P < 0.001). Our results indicate that cancer incidence and patient survival in Pudong New Area vary by tumor type, sex, age, geographic area, and TNM stage.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; China ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of exact logistic regression, used as a complemental method for the maximum liklihood estimation, and to analyse with data small sample, unbalanced structure and highly stratal nature under the situations of questionable results or inexistence of the maximum likelihood estimation.

METHODSData from 37 postoperative breast cancer cases were analyzed in 1997 by exact logistic regression under SAS system.

RESULTSData calculated by SAS software showed that Quasi-complete separation of data points was detected but the results of maximum likelihood estimation did not exist, SAS outputs conflicted the results of the last maximum likelihood iteration (likelihood Chi-square and score Chi-square have similar P, less than 0.05, but the Wald chi-square had a larger P, more than 0.05). Under conditional exact parameter estimation, it appeared that: (1) the joint effect of conditional score statistics was 21.12 with P = 0.000 3; (2) for individual parameters, the effect conditional score statistics of histological classification (grades) was 5.80 with P = 0.020 8; axillary node metastasis (diversion) was 5.74 with P = 0.019 5; tumor size (size) was 0.79, with P = 0.647 6. The effects of tumor histological classification and axillary node metastasis were statistically significant on breast cancer tumour.

CONCLUSIONExact logistic regression seemed to be a very useful method in analyzing data from small sample when the maximum likelihood estimation was either with no effect or did not exist.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged ; Monte Carlo Method ; Prognosis ; Software

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo report the clinical and pathological characteristics of bilateral primary breast cancer (BPBC) in comparison with unilateral primary breast cancer (UPBC).

METHODSA retrospect database of primary breast cancer patients admitted to the Cancer Hospital from March 1967 through May 2003 was analyzed.

RESULTSA total of 10,470 primary breast cancer patients were treated, among which 271 patients had bilateral primary tumors with an incidence of 2.1%. Most of the BPBC, developed both synchronously (sBPBC, incidence rate: 0.6%) and metachronously (mBPBC, incidence rate: 1.5%), were diagnosed in premenopausal women with an average age of 48. In the latter cases, the median time interval between their occurrences was 57.6 months. The median survival time for patients with sBPBC and mBPBC was 29.6 months and 27.8 months, respectively. There was no statistical difference in survival rate between the 2 groups of patients. Nor was menopausal status related to survival. In mBPBC patients, when the occurrence of the second breast cancer was taken as the beginning of prognostic analysis, the prognosis of BPBC patients was worse than those with unilateral involvement.

CONCLUSIONPrognosis of patients with bilateral primary breast cancer is poor. In mBPBC patients whose breast cancers appear one after the other, meticulous follow-up is needed after resection of tumor on one side to early detect development of cancer of the countralateral breast especially within 5 years.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mastectomy ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; epidemiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; epidemiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Premenopause ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To investigate clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of male breast cancer (MBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 20 MBC patients in comparison with female ductal carcinoma treated at Yonsei University Severance Hospital from July 1985 to May 2007. Clinicopathological features, treatment patterns, and survival were investigated. RESULTS: MBC consists of 0.38% of all breast cancers. The median age was 56 years. The median symptom duration was 10 months. The median tumor size was 1.7cm, 27.8% showed node metastasis, and 71.4% were estrogen receptor positive. All 20 cancers were arisen from ductal cells. No lobular carcinoma was found. The incidence of stages 0, I, II, and III in patients were 2, 10, 4, and 3, respectively. All patients underwent mastectomy. One with invasive cancer did not receive axillary node dissection and stage was not exactly evaluated. Adjuvant treatments were determined by pathologic parameters and stage. Clinicopathological parameters and survival rates of MBC were comparable to those of female ductal carcinoma. CONCLUSION: The onset age of MBC was 10 years older and symptom duration was longer than in female patients. No difference in outcomes between MBC and female ductal carcinoma suggests that the biology of MBC is not different from that of females. Therefore, education, an appropriate system for early detection, and adequate treatment are necessary for improving outcomes.
Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy ; Breast Neoplasms, Male/mortality/*pathology/therapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality/pathology/therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Endobronchial metastasis is defined as documented extrathoracic malignancies metastatic to the endobronchus within a bronchoscopically visible range. Although the clinical and radiologic findings of endobronchial metastasis are similar to primary lung cancer, treatment and prognosis may be different. We hereby investigated the clinical, radiologic and bronchoscopic aspects of endobronchial metastases (EBM) in Korean patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 43 patients with EBM who underwent bronchoscopic biopsies from June 1991 to December 2009 at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine in Seoul, Korea, were analyzed retrospectively. We evaluated clinical, radiologic and bronchoscopic characteristics of EBM. RESULTS: The patients consisted of 27 males and 16 females and their ages ranged from 18 to 77 years. The common primary cancers related to EBM were rectal (16.3%), colon (11.6%), breast (9.3%) and uterine (9.3%) cancers. The mean interval from diagnosis of primary cancer to EBM was 36 months, and the mean survival duration from diagnosis of EBM was 16.1 months in 33 deceased patients. CONCLUSION: EBM develop in various types of malignancies at various times with unremarkable manifestations. Therefore, physicians should consider the possibility of EBM, especially if a patient has a history of any malignancy, regardless of respiratory symptoms. Respiratory symptoms related with EBM can be treated by various safe procedures.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Bronchial Neoplasms/epidemiology/pathology/*secondary ; Bronchoscopy ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Uterine Neoplasms/pathology

Sixteen cases of male breast cancer seen over a 20-year period were reviewed. The causes of cancer of the male breast are no better understood, but major alterations in hormonal environment could be a significant factor. Some clinical characteristics correspond well with the results of other series. The median age at presentation was 61.7 years. The most frequent initial symptom was a painless mass, and the incidences of nipple discharge, central tumor location, and axillary node involvement were high. Males also had a higher incidence of local advancement which was associated with a longer delay in seeking treatment and small breast tissue. The pathologic type was infiltrating ductal type in all cases except one, and all cases showed favorable nuclear grade. Estrogen receptor analysis was performed from the tumor of 2 patients. Both of them showed a high receptor level. There was no locoregional relapse in 5 patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy in contrast to the 2 relapses in 3 patients who underwent surgery alone. And three of the five patients who received radiotherapy suffered from systemic metastasis which suggested the important role of adjuvant chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy. In light of the encouraging results about adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment for female breast cancer with axillary lymph node involvement, it would be desirable to extend this policy to male breast cancer.
Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology ; Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/*epidemiology/pathology/therapy ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/*epidemiology/pathology/therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Human ; Korea/epidemiology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Age ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo analyzed a large group of invasive breast cancers with long-term follow-up information to evaluate the clinicopathologic, morphological and prognostic features of basal-like breast cancers in Chinese population.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ER, HER2, CK5/6, EGFR on tissue microarray with 1311 invasive breast cancers. Based on the results, these cases were categorized into luminal A, luminal B, basal-like, HER2-overexpressing and null subtypes. Clinicopathological features and survival rates were compared between these groups.

RESULTSBasal-like breast cancers constituted 17.0% of 1311 invasive breast cancers with a significantly larger size, higher grade and higher incidence of the medullary carcinoma, frequent recurrence and infrequent node metastasis. Morphologically, basal-like breast cancers showed a significantly more solid architecture and ribbon-like architecture associated with necrosis (more geographic necrosis) and central scar, a more pushing margin, lymphocytic infiltration and a higher mitosis score, more syncytial growth, presence of basaloid cells, spindle cells and squamous metaplasia. The disease-free survival and overall survival of basal-like breast cancers were significantly poorer than that of luminal A subtype, but similar to the other ER-negative subtypes. Basal markers were not independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONSBasal-like breast cancers in Chinese population has a similar prevalence to that of the western populations. They have distinct clinicopathologic features compared to other non-basal breast cancers, but overlapping with other ER-negative breast cancers. Morphological features are strongly associated with basal-like breast cancers although they are not very specific. The survival of basal-like breast cancers is poorer than luminal A, but similar to the other ER-negative breast cancers, and basal markers are not independent prognostic factors of breast cancers.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Breast Neoplasms, Male ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratin-5 ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult