1.Gliosarcoma of cerebral hemispheres: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases.
Zhen HUO ; Zhiyong LIANG ; Yuan LI ; Jie SHEN ; Yalan BI ; Yunxiao MENG ; Shuying ZHANG ; Yufeng LUO ; Jinling CAO ; Di YANG
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2014;43(10):657-662
OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and pathologic features of gliosarcoma of cerebral hemispheres.
METHODSThe clinicopathologic features of 10 cases of gliosarcoma involving cerebral hemispheres were reviewed. Immunohistochemical study was carried out using EnVision method.
RESULTSThe mean age of the patients was 54 years and the male-to-female ratio was 6 to 4. Clinical symptoms included headache (6/10), nausea/vomiting (5/10), and sensory or motor impairment (4/10). Nine of the cases were primary gliosarcoma, with maximum diameter ranging from 2.4 to 5.5 cm (mean = 4.2 cm). The remaining case represented secondary gliosarcoma involving skull base and extracranial tissues. Histologic examination showed a biphasic pattern in all cases. Regarding the glial component, there were 9 cases of pleomorphic glioblastoma and 1 case of giant cell glioblastoma. Reticulin stain was positive in all cases. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells variably expressed GFAP (10/10), p16 (4/10), EGFR (1/10), CD68 (1/10) and p53 (6/10). The Ki-67 index ranged from 15% to 70% (mean = 34%). Six patients had follow-up data available. One patient was disease-free for 45 months and 5 patients died of the disease at 3 to 17 months after the operation (mean duration of survival = 9 months).
CONCLUSIONSGliosarcoma is a highly aggressive tumor, often locates in the deeper part cerebral hemispheres and has a relatively short duration of symptoms. It carries a poor prognosis. GFAP immunostain and reticulin stain are helpful in confirming the diagnosis. p53 and p16 are also expressed in some cases.
Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cerebrum ; pathology ; Female ; Glioblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gliosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuroglia ; pathology
2.Glioneuronal tumor with neuropil-like islands and rosettes: report of a case.
Zhen WANG ; Qin-he FAN ; Mei-ning YU ; Zhi-shao ZHOU ; Guo-xin SONG ; Wei-ming ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2007;36(11):788-789
Adult
;
Brain
;
pathology
;
Brain Neoplasms
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Female
;
Ganglioglioma
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Humans
;
Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial
;
pathology
;
S100 Proteins
;
metabolism
;
Synaptophysin
;
metabolism
3.Resolving the lineage relationship between malignant cells and vascular cells in glioblastomas.
Fangyu WANG ; Xuan LIU ; Shaowen LI ; Chen ZHAO ; Yumei SUN ; Kuan TIAN ; Junbao WANG ; Wei LI ; Lichao XU ; Jing JING ; Juan WANG ; Sylvia M EVANS ; Zhiqiang LI ; Ying LIU ; Yan ZHOU
Protein & Cell 2023;14(2):105-122
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly malignant and heterogeneous brain tumor, contains various types of tumor and non-tumor cells. Whether GBM cells can trans-differentiate into non-neural cell types, including mural cells or endothelial cells (ECs), to support tumor growth and invasion remains controversial. Here we generated two genetic GBM models de novo in immunocompetent mouse brains, mimicking essential pathological and molecular features of human GBMs. Lineage-tracing and transplantation studies demonstrated that, although blood vessels in GBM brains underwent drastic remodeling, evidence of trans-differentiation of GBM cells into vascular cells was barely detected. Intriguingly, GBM cells could promiscuously express markers for mural cells during gliomagenesis. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing showed that patterns of copy number variations (CNVs) of mural cells and ECs were distinct from those of GBM cells, indicating discrete origins of GBM cells and vascular components. Importantly, single-cell CNV analysis of human GBM specimens also suggested that GBM cells and vascular cells are likely separate lineages. Rather than expansion owing to trans-differentiation, vascular cell expanded by proliferation during tumorigenesis. Therefore, cross-lineage trans-differentiation of GBM cells is very unlikely to occur during gliomagenesis. Our findings advance understanding of cell lineage dynamics during gliomagenesis, and have implications for targeted treatment of GBMs.
Mice
;
Animals
;
Humans
;
Glioblastoma/pathology*
;
Endothelial Cells/pathology*
;
DNA Copy Number Variations
;
Brain/metabolism*
;
Brain Neoplasms/pathology*
5.Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in dura mater of brain: one case report.
Hong ZENG ; Hai-gang LI ; Yun-jie ZENG
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2006;35(4):254-255
Actins
;
metabolism
;
Adult
;
Brain Neoplasms
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Desmin
;
metabolism
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Dura Mater
;
chemistry
;
pathology
;
Female
;
Granuloma, Plasma Cell
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Meningeal Neoplasms
;
pathology
;
Meningioma
;
pathology
;
Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Vimentin
;
metabolism
6.Papillary glioneuronal tumor: report of a case.
Ji-ping QI ; Hong ZHU ; Dan-yang LI ; Huan-lin MEI
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2006;35(12):764-765
Adolescent
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Brain Neoplasms
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Ependymoma
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Ganglioglioma
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
;
metabolism
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Male
;
Tubulin
;
metabolism
;
Vimentin
;
metabolism
7.Intracranial primary malignant melanoma: report of a case.
Li-qin MA ; Qiu-nian SHI ; Ren ZHOU ; Fu-ming DONG ; Jing-ying YU ; Ru-jun XU
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2011;40(7):494-495
Adolescent
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Brain Neoplasms
;
metabolism
;
pathology
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Diagnosis, Differential
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Melanoma
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Melanoma-Specific Antigens
;
metabolism
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Neurilemmoma
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
S100 Proteins
;
metabolism
;
Vimentin
;
metabolism
9.The Oncogenesis of Glial Cells in Diffuse Gliomas and Clinical Opportunities.
Qiyuan ZHUANG ; Hui YANG ; Ying MAO
Neuroscience Bulletin 2023;39(3):393-408
Glioma is the most common and lethal intrinsic primary tumor of the brain. Its controversial origins may contribute to its heterogeneity, creating challenges and difficulties in the development of therapies. Among the components constituting tumors, glioma stem cells are highly plastic subpopulations that are thought to be the site of tumor initiation. Neural stem cells/progenitor cells and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are possible lineage groups populating the bulk of the tumor, in which gene mutations related to cell-cycle or metabolic enzymes dramatically affect this transformation. Novel approaches have revealed the tumor-promoting properties of distinct tumor cell states, glial, neural, and immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment. Communication between tumor cells and other normal cells manipulate tumor progression and influence sensitivity to therapy. Here, we discuss the heterogeneity and relevant functions of tumor cell state, microglia, monocyte-derived macrophages, and neurons in glioma, highlighting their bilateral effects on tumors. Finally, we describe potential therapeutic approaches and targets beyond standard treatments.
Humans
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Glioma/metabolism*
;
Neuroglia/metabolism*
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Carcinogenesis/pathology*
;
Neural Stem Cells/metabolism*
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Microglia/metabolism*
;
Brain Neoplasms/metabolism*
;
Tumor Microenvironment
10.Clinicopathological and molecular features of multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumors of the cerebrum.
Wei WANG ; Wen Li ZHAO ; Xue Fei WEN ; Wen Zhi CUI ; Dan Li YE ; Guang Ning YAN ; Geng CHEN
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2022;51(11):1129-1134
Objective: To investigate clinicopathological features of multinodular and vacuolar neurodegenerative tumor (MVNT) of the cerebrum, and to investigate its immunophenotype, molecular characteristics and prognosis. Methods: Four cases were collected at the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China and one case was collected at the First People's Hospital of Huizhou, China from 2013 to 2021. Clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics of these five cases were analyzed. Follow-up was carried out to evaluate their prognoses. Results: There were four females and one male, with an average age of 42 years (range, 17 to 51 years). Four patients presented with seizures, while one presented with discomfort on the head. Pre-operative imaging demonstrated non-enhancing, T2-hyperintense multinodular lesions in the deep cortex and superficial white matter of the frontal (n=1) or temporal lobes (n=4). Microscopically, the tumor cells were mostly arranged in discrete and coalescent nodules primarily within the deep cortical ribbon and superficial subcortical white matter. The tumors were composed of large cells with ganglionic morphology, vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and amphophilic or lightly basophilic cytoplasm. They exhibited varying degrees of matrix vacuolization. Vacuolated tumor cells did not show overt cellular atypia or any mitotic activities. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells exhibited widespread nuclear staining for the HuC/HuD neuronal antigens, SOX10 and Olig2. Expression of other neuronal markers, including synaptophysin, neurofilament and MAP2, was patchy to absent. The tumor cells were negative for NeuN, GFAP, p53, H3K27M, IDH1 R132H, ATRX, BRG1, INI1 and BRAF V600E. No aberrant molecular changes were identified in case 3 and case 5 using next-generation sequencing (including 131 genes related to diagnosis and prognosis of central nervous system tumors). All patients underwent complete or substantial tumor excision without adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Post-operative follow-up information over intervals of 6 months to 8 years was available for five patients. All patients were free of recurrence. Conclusions: MVNT is an indolent tumor, mostly affecting adults, which supports classifying MVNT as WHO grade 1. There is no tumor recurrence even in the patients treated with subtotal surgical excision. MVNTs may be considered for observation or non-surgical treatments if they are asymptomatic.
Adult
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Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Brain Neoplasms/pathology*
;
Cerebrum/pathology*
;
Neurons/metabolism*
;
Seizures
;
Temporal Lobe/pathology*
;
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism*