1.Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression and histopathological characteristics in canine brain with traumatic brain injury.
Chi Ho YU ; Ji Young YHEE ; Jong Hyuk KIM ; Keum Soon IM ; Na Hyun KIM ; Dong In JUNG ; Hee Chun LEE ; Seung Ki CHON ; Jung Hyang SUR
Journal of Veterinary Science 2011;12(3):299-301
We analyzed the expression level and cellular localization of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and histopathologically characterized canine traumatic brain injury (TBI). Canine TBI brains revealed subarachnoid and cerebral cortical hemorrhage, neutrophilic infiltration, neuronal necrosis, astrocytosis, and vasogenic edema. Immunohistochemical evaluations suggested that both pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha] and anti-inflammatory cytokines [IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)] were highly expressed in neurons and neutrophils. In particular, the highest magnitude of expression was identified for IL-1beta and TGF-beta. This data helps describe the pathologic characteristics of canine TBI, and may help in the design of potential therapeutic approaches to control secondary damage by inflammatory cytokines.
Animals
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Brain/*immunology/*pathology
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Brain Injuries/immunology/*pathology/*veterinary
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Dogs
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Humans
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Interleukin-10/immunology/metabolism
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Interleukin-1beta/immunology/metabolism
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Interleukin-6/immunology/metabolism
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Transforming Growth Factor beta/immunology/metabolism
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology/metabolism