No abstract available.
Brain Injuries*

Childhood brain injury is an important and complicated public health issue worldwide. Extensive work has been done in this field. This review highlights issues that are frequently misinterpreted or overlooked in the management of childhood brain injury. The incidence of traumatic brain injury is higher than non-traumatic brain injury. However it is frequently over-reported due to various confounding factors. In ascertaining the severity of injury, assessment of brainstem functions is important and should be included in routine clinical assessment. Most rehabilitative efforts are usually aimed at improving the physical outcome. However, non-physical sequelae are also common and may be more disabling with significant impact on the learning and functioning of the child. These areas, which include depression, cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life of children, should not be overlooked in the management of childhood brain injury. In addition to caregiver’s stress, family dynamic and siblings’ well-being also play a crucial role in the recovery process of the child. By highlighting the frequently missed issues in the management of childhood brain injury, it is hoped that clinicians and professionals could pay more attention to these issues and provide a comprehensive medical care for the patients and their families.
Brain Injuries

The most frequently reported neurological complication of a wasp sting is ischemic stroke. We treated a patient with wasp sting with unusual complications. A 52-year-old man was hospitalized for anaphylactic shock after multiple wasp stings. Although the patient recovered consciousness after 2 days, he had global aphasia and right hemiparesis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and angiography revealed high-intensity signals in the left basal ganglia and cerebral cortex and stenosis of the left middle cerebral artery. After 2 days, the middle cerebral artery stenosis improved. After 5 days, diffusion-weighted imaging showed an enlarged lesion in the left frontal cortex. The infarct in this case was due to a predominantly unilateral vasoconstrictive hypoxic brain injury from wasp stings.
Brain Injuries

It is common to have vision problems after neurological insults such as traumatic brain injury, stroke or brain tumours. While these neurological insults can affect patients’ daily functioning to different extents, vision problems can be the main obstacle to the dysfunction. A 19-year-old boy with pontine cavernoma presented to the clinic with multiple visual problems at ten months after surgical removal of the tumour. He has left 6th cranial nerve palsy with persistent diplopia and nystagmus. These were associated with giddiness, imbalance, cerebellar impairments, right hemiparesis and hemisensory loss. This case illustrates the importance of adding the neuro-optometric vision rehabilitation, which include visual information processing therapy and other substitutive interventions, into the existing multidisciplinary rehabilitation program to achieve the greatest functional benefit.
Brain Injuries

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Erythropoietin*

No abstract available.
Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Bruxism

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain*

Sports-related traumatic brain injury (srTBI) is a traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by sports, which can result in cognitive and motor dysfunction. Currently, research on the molecular mechanism of srTBI and related drug development mainly relies on monolayer culture models and animal models. However, many differences exist in cell populations and inflammatory responses between these models and human pathophysiological processes. Most of the researches derived from the models can't effectively conducted translational research. Emerging three-dimensional (3D)
Animals ; Brain Injuries ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic ; Humans

No abstract available.
Anesthetics, General* ; Brain Injuries* ; Brain*

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Dentate Gyrus*