PURPOSE: To compare magnetization transfer ratios (MTR) among various cerebral edemas with different pathophysiologic processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cerebral edemas seen on MR images in 45 patients were classified as one of three types: vasogenic (n=22; tumor[n=9], contusion[n=3], hemangioma[n=4], hemorrhage[n=4], others[2]); cytotoxic (n=18; all acute infarction), and interstitial edema (n=5). In all cases, both T2-weighted images with and without magnetization transfer were obtained using off-set pulses of 600Hz. MTRs in each cerebral edema were measured and compared. RESULTS: The mean MTRs of vasogenic edema, cytotoxic edema and interstitial edema were 22 +/- 5%, 26 +/- 4 % and 19 +/- 2%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference among the three types (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Mean MTR was highest in cytotoxic edema and lowest in interstitial edema, but the differences were not significant.
Brain Edema* ; Edema ; Humans

No abstract available.
Brain Edema*

No abstract available.
Brain Edema* ; Brain*

No abstract available.
Brain Edema* ; Brain* ; Decompressive Craniectomy*

No abstract available.
Brain Edema ; Brain ; Humans ; Skin

Ischemia results when the decrease in tissue perfusion exceeds the tissues ability to increase an oxygen extraction from the blood. Brain edema has been defined as an abnormal accumulation of fluid within brain parenchyma associated with a volumetric enlargement of the brain tissue. In most instances, the labelling of edema as vasogenic or cytotoxic is only relative. For cerebral protection, there were many possible techniques which could increase or maintain cerebral perfusion and reduce cerebral metabolic demand for oxygen. This study was carried out the effect of mild
Brain Edema* ; Brain Ischemia* ; Brain* ; Edema ; Ischemia ; Oxygen ; Perfusion ; Tissues

It is thought that the biological aggressiveness of meningioma is closely related to the development of peritumoral edema. However, the effects of mechanical tumor factors on the venous return of underlying brain tissue, as well as those of MIB-1 or p53 immunoreactivity on the brain edema formation are still not clear. To identify factors which may influence meningioma-associated peritumoral edema development, the authors examined 28 histologically proven intracranial meningiomas(22 benign, 4 atypical, and 2 malignant meningioma patients). Correlation between the degree of brain edema and various factors including volume of the tumor, venous sinus involvements, tumor location, histologic subtypes, MIB-1 labeling index(LI), and immunoreactivity of p53 protein was analyzed retrospectively. The degree of brain edema(edema ratio) was measured by maximum edema area to maximum tumor area as seen on T2 and T1 enhanced magnetic resonance images, respectively. Mean maximum tumor area and the volume of the tumor were 15.7cm2 and 50.2cm3, respectively. The mean area of maximum edema extension was 23.3cm2 and the mean ratio between maximum edema area and tumor area was 1.90(range: 0-11.5). Tumor volume and the area of edema showed significant correlation(p=0.015). MIB-1 LI, however, correlated inversely with edema ratio(p=0.039). p53 protein expression, venous sinus involvement, age, sex, and histologic characteristics did not correlated with edema area or ratio. In conclusion, this study showed there was inverse correlation between edema development and MIB-1 LI, and no correlation with p53 expression. It was thus speculated that peritumoral edema in meningioma may not be a sign of biological aggressiveness.
Brain ; Brain Edema ; Edema* ; Meningioma ; Retrospective Studies ; Tumor Burden

OBJECTIVE: Peritumoral brain edema(PTBE) accounts for approximately 60% of meningiomas. It has not been identified why vasogenic edema, frequently shown in intra-axial tumors is also developed in extra-axial tumor such as meningiomas. Therefore, the authors assess the peritumoral brain edema of meningiomas with a focus on the angiographic pattern and expression of MIB-1 to clarify their correlation. METHODS: A total 32 cases of meningioma was studied. The authors attempted to identify 1) the location of PTBE and the edema index (EI), 2) the location and dominancy of pial supply compared with meningeal supply, 3) the biological activity of meningiomas indicated by the MIB-1 LI (labeling index), 4) their interaction. RESULTS: No PTBE was observed in the meningiomas without pial arterial supplement from internal carotid artery (ICA) and vertebral artery (VA). The PTBE of meningiomas with pial supply was developed intensely along the pial arterial supplement, and increased statistically in proportion to the extent of pial supply from ICA or VA rather than meningeal supply. Also, the MIB-1 LI in meningiomas tended to be larger in the tumors of the larger EI and the dominancy of pial supply. CONCLUSION: A strong correlation is found between the extent of PTBE in meningiomas and the dominancy of pial supply. The MIB-1 LI also tend to be associated with the PTBE. Therefore, the MIB-1 LI in benign meningiomas may represent not only the proliferative potential of the tumor, but also the biological activity like angiogenesis.
Brain Edema* ; Brain* ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Edema ; Meningioma* ; Vertebral Artery

The cerebral compression and edema were successfully produced by the expansion of the stalk of laminaria in the right epidural space of the rabbits. By weighting the wet and dry brain tissues, and by calculating the percentage of water content and that of swelling, with the rate of per cent water content to that of control group, the studies of the occurrence and changes of experimental brain edema have been observed. In the normal rabbits, the average per cent water content of cerebral gray and white matters were 79.9+/-0.7% and 73.0+/-1.0% respectively. The percentage of water content and swelling of cerebral gray and white matters in the compression site showed higher values than those in control group. As compared with normal group, the rate of per cent water content of cerebral gray matter at the site of compression showed gradual increasing tendency as time elapsed by 24 hours, while that of white matter demonstrated rapid increased of it by 6 hours and decreased gradually thereafter. And it appeared that the value of the cerebral white matter showed higher than that of gray matter throughout the period of 24 hour's compression. Cereral edema induced by laminaria compression was more evident and severe in the white matter than in the gray, which was more striking at the early stage of cerebral compression.
Brain Edema ; Brain* ; Edema ; Epidural Space ; Laminaria ; Rabbits ; Strikes, Employee

The studies of the occurrence and changes of experimental brain edema have been observed by calculating wet weight, volume, dry weight, per cent water content and swelling per cent in 12 normal rabbits as a control group and 24 rabbits of experimental group. The brain edema was induced by expansion of laminaria which resulted in brain compression, that was inserted into the supratentorial extradural space of rabbit. The piece of section of laminaria which is a sea weed and used for the purpose of slow expanding space-occupyin gmass has a characteristic mode of slow expansion in volume on contact with water. The average wet weight of cerebral hemisphere of normal rabbits was 3.30+/-0.19 gm. The average dry weight of unilateral hemisphere of 156 from 78 rabbits was 0.69+/-0.04 gm, while its volume was 2.97+/-0.29 ml and the percentages of water content was 78.92+/-1.36 per cent. The weight, volume and percentages of water content and swelling in the compressed sides of hemisphere showed higher values compared them to the opposite noncompressed hemisphere in the "laminaria-compression" group and showed gradually increasing tendency in the values as the time elapsed.
Brain ; Brain Edema* ; Cerebrum ; Laminaria ; Rabbits ; Water