Based on the clinical application of ERA (easy resilient attachment), the construction of two kinds of ERA were introduced including outside-crown-EAR and root-EAR. The clinical operation and attention of EAR application were demonstrated by clinical cases.

Abstract: Objective　Through analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of imported Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) cases in China from 2017 to 2022, to understand the trend of imported P. falciparum epidemic before and after malaria elimination, and to provide data support for further prevention and control of imported P. falciparum. Methods　Epidemiological questionnaires of P. falciparum cases in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, excluding Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were collected from the parasitic disease control information management system from 2017 to 2022, and the epidemic situation, overseas foci, and distribution of three were statistically analyzed. Results　From 2017 to 2022, a total of 7 026 cases of P. falciparum were reported nationwide, accounting for 64.2% (7 026/10 943) of the total number of cases, all of which were imported cases. The infected cases were distributed across 60 countries in 4 continents, mainly in African countries. P. falciparum was reported every month from 2017 to 2022, with uneven distribution throughout the year and a peak occurring at the beginning. The top five provinces with the highest number of P. falciparum malaria cases were Guangdong Province (13.1%, 922/7 026), Jiangsu Province (9.1%, 636/7 026), Shandong Province (8.1%, 569/7 026), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (7.6%, 537/7 026), and Zhejiang Province (7.6%, 534/7 026). The majority of cases were Chinese nationals (94.9%, 6 668/7 026), with a male-to-female ratio of 17.2∶1. Among the reported cases of P. falciparum, 239 were critically ill and 48 died. Conclusions　In the stage of preventing imported malaria retransmission, although all the reported malaria cases in China were imported cases, P. falciparum accounted for the high proportion. Considering the complexity and rapid progression of P. falciparum, which can lead to critical illness or even death, timely detection, accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment of malaria cases should be done to reduce critical illness or death.

Objective: To search for the best condition of microwave assisted extraction(MAE) for the flavonoids in Radix glycyrrliza and to compare with traditional boiling water extraction(WE). Methods: MAE and BWE were adopted, and its proper experimental conditions were examined and optimized by means of uniform design. The flavonoids in Radix glucyrrliza were determined by spectrophotometry. Results: Appropriate MAE conditions included extraction time of 1min, ethanol concentration of 38%, liquid/solid ratios of 8∶1(ml/g) and the power of microwave oven of 288W, the recovery of flavonoids from Radix glycyrrliza with MAE(24.6mg/g) was higher than BWE (11.4mg/g). Conclusion: Compared with traditional boiling water extraction(BWE), the experiment results demonstrated higher extracting rate and shorter extracting time. It indicated that MAE was more suitable to extraction of the flavonoids.

This study was aimed to establish the pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) model of ginsenoside Rb1 following the intravenous administration of Shengmai injection in subjects with stable angina pectoris.A total of stable angina pectoris were selected and received Shengmai injection for 14 days.Plasma samples were collected at different time points.Plasma concentrations of ginsenoside Rb1 were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS).The concentration-time curves (AUC) were drawn,and then the PK parameters were calculated.The systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were monitored,and the combined PK-PD model was established based on the theory of effect compartment.The results showed that PK of ginsenoside Rb1 conformed to a mono-compartment model.The effect of Shengmai injection lagged behind the concentrations of ginsenoside Rb1 in plasma.The effect exhibited good correlation with ginsenoside Rb1 in effect compartment.The relationship between effect and plasma concentrations fits the Inhibitory Effect Imax model.It was concluded that the study successfully established the combined PK-PD model of ginsenoside Rb1 in subjects with angina pectoris.The model can efficiently evaluate the effective substance of Shengmai injection.

Objective To investigate the empathy levels of medical students in a military medical university and explore the influencing factors.Methods Self-developed demographic information questionnaire,Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSPE-S),Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI),and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) were used to collect data from June to October 2016.Medical undergraduate students were conveniently enrolled in the survey.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.T test,ANOVA,and chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used to compare the data of different categories of students.Results A total of 683 questionnaires were distributed and 594 valid questionnaires were returned,with a valid response rate of 86.97％.Students had an above-average level of medical empathy with JSPE-S score as (104.11 ± 19.66),and IRI score was (51.63 ± 10.08).There was a statically difference on level of medical empathy between groups of students with different genders,specialties,professional satisfaction,future career desire,and relative courses learning experience (P＜0.05 for all).Medical empathy was significantly negatively correlated with perceived stress (r=-0.392,P=0.000) and significantly positively correlated with perceived stress (r=0.298,P=0.000).Conclusion Targeted strategies should be conducted to improve the empathy levels of students in the military medical university.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of glycogen phosphorylase BB (GPBB) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) in the early diagnosis of neonatal myocardial injury (NMI). Methods The GPBB and H-FABP levels in the blood were detected at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after onset of the NMI. The GPBB and H-FABP levels were compared among NMI, Non-NMI and control groups. The NMI diagnosis sensitivity and specificity for GPBB, H-FABP, GPBB combined with H-FABP were compared. The relationships of GPBB, H-FABP levels with the risk factors were analyzed. Results The GPBB and H-FABP levels of NMI group were higher than those of Non-NMI and control groups (P < 0.01). The diagnosis sensitivity of four time points (3, 6, 12 and 24 h) of combined GPBB and H-FABP were higher than those of the GPBB and H-FABP (P < 0.05). The GPBB and H-FABP were negatively correlated with blood glucose level, positively correlated with asphyxia degree and septicemia degree. Conclusion The combined application of GPBB and H-FABP can improve sensitivity in the early diagnosis of NMI.

The adverse reactions caused by traditional Chinese medicine have occurred frequently, but there is a lack of scientific,objective and standardized methods for safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine.In the process of preclinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine, it is imperative to form a set of scientific, standardized and feasible evaluation system of modem Chinese herbal drug.We established the preclinical safety evaluation system of modem Chinese herbal drug including the quality control system of samples for the preclinical safety evaluation, the toxicity evaluation system of modem Chinese herbal drug and its preparation and the evaluation management system, and standardized each research link of preclinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine.Whether from protecting patients' health and increasing the safety of clinical medication, or from enriching and improving traditional Chinese medicine science, developing traditional Chinese medicine and promoting mutual connection of traditional Chinese medicine and international medicine, it has important instructional significance and application value.

Objective:To analyze the incidence of gallstone formation after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) by meta-analysis.Methods:English terms for this meta-analysis included "bariatric surgery, gastric bypass, Roux-n-Y gastric bypass, RYGB, sleeve gastrectomy, SG, cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy, gallstone". Researched articles in Pubmed, Medline and Embase databases were searched up to February 2023 and retrieved for further analysis. The quality of each article was evaluated with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Generated data were analyzed with Revman 5.4.Results:Nine relevant cohort studies were retrieved for this meta-analysis, including a total of 24 255 RYGB patients and 4 500 SG patients. All articles met the requirements after the quality evaluation of NOS. The meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of postoperative gallstones in RYGB group was higher than that in SG group ( P<0.001). In subgroup analysis, by administering ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for gallstone prevention, the incidence had no difference between the two groups ( P=0.090), while in the study without UDCA, the incidence of gallstones after RYGB was higher than SG ( P=0.005). In the studies with follow-up time no more than 24 months, the incidence of postoperative gallstones in RYGB group was higher than that in SG group ( P=0.050), but there was no statistical difference when following-up beyond 24 months ( P=0.240). Conclusions:Within 2 years after surgery, RYGB patients have more chances to develop gallstones than SG patients. However, beyond 2-year follow-up, there is no difference between the two procedures. Prophylactical utilization of UDCA after RYGB can effectively reduce the incidence of gallstone formation.

Objective:To investigate the current situation in construction and operation status of official WeChat public platform of community hospitals in Shanghai Downtown and provide the reference for effective application of WeChat public platform in community hospitals.Methods:The current situation of health service provided with WeChat public platform of community hospitals was investigated by website survey.We focused on the opening rate,menu services,information push and off-line operations of WeChat public platform from the perspective of ethics.Results:Of the investigated 98 hospitals,a total of 48 WeChat public platforms were established,accounting for 49.0％.Among which 28 public platforms provided menu bar service,accounting for 58.3％.The public platforms still needed to be improved in terms of article push quantity,reading quantity and daily management.Conclusion:The development level of WeChat public platform of community hospital in shanghai downtown is uneven and WeChat public platform of community hospital exists low service level,imperfect management,lack of publicity and other problems generally.It is recommended that hospitals strengthen the construction of WeChat platform from three aspects,including strengthening team management,keeping the "Six in One" and seeking for commercial assistance.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the anxiety problems in hospitalized COVID-19 patients so as to provide evidence for formulation of relevant mental health management strategies.Methods:A Psychological Questionnaire for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan was used to investigate the anxiety status of the COVID-19 patients who had been hospitalized to Wuhan Tong Ji Hospital which had been assisted by Peking University People's Hospital. The patients were categorized into a mild group and a non-mild group according to The Diagnosis and Management Protocols for COVID-19 (Trial version 7). The population characteristics, anxiety status and disease recovery were analyzed in the 2 groups. Scores from 0 to 7 indicated no anxiety and ≥ 8 anxiety.Results:A total of 46 patients were included in this study, including 28 men and 18 women aged from 23 to 78 years (average, 60.9 years). There were 13 mild cases and 33 non-mild ones. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in age or gender ( P>0.05). Of all the patients, 52.2% (24 cases) had a close relative or family member definitely diagnosed of COVID-19. To the question "Do you have any worry?" , 73.9% of the patients (34 cases) answered yes. The mild cases scored 7.3 points±2.0 points, showing mild anxiety; the non-mild cases scored 8.7 points±1.2 points, showing mild anxiety too. There were no significant differences between the mild and non-mild cases in any anxiety scoring item( P>0.05). The single factor analysis of the general data showed no significant correlation between anxiety and education, COVID-19 diagnosis of a close relative or family member, current situation of anti-COVID-19 or future life ( P>0.05), but a significant correlation between anxiety and therapeutic outcomes and the current situation of family members ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Anxiety is a common problem in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Anxiety about prognosis and family members is the main factor affecting their psychological status. Attention should be paid to the mental health of COVID-19 patients by governments and medical staff.