PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine effects of a positive psychology program for improving positive thinking, ego resilience and stress coping of in nursing students. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects for the study were 78 students in G city(experimental group=41, control group=37). The positive psychology program was provided for 4 weeks (8 sessions, 16 hours). Positive thinking, ego resilience, and stress coping were measured with using self-report structured questionnaires. This study collected data between November 23, 2014 and January 9, 2015, and which were analyzed using SPSSWIN 20.0. RESULTS: The positive psychology program was effective in increasing positive thinking, ego resilience and stress coping. CONCLUSION: The results of this study should contribute as baseline data for positive intervention strategies and planning ability of potentials and strengths in nursing students.
Ego* ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Psychology* ; Students, Nursing ; Thinking*

Therapeutic ionizing radiation can damage the permanent pacemaker. Reimplantation of pacemaker should be considered when the pacemaker site is included in the radiation field. We report a case of successful repositioning of preexisting pacemaker generator and leads with subcutaneous tunneling method across the sternum instead of insertion of new leads in a female patient with breast cancer who had DDD pacemaker.
Breast Neoplasms ; Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane ; Female ; Humans ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Replantation ; Sternum

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of a communication empowerment program based on situated learning theory for nursing students. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The study participants were 61 nursing students (31 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group) from G city. Data were collected from November 3, 2015 to December 10, 2015. The experimental group received eight sessions of the program, which were scheduled twice a week, with each session lasting two hours. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and an independent t-test using SPSS/WIN 20.0. RESULTS: There were significant increases in self-efficacy for communication (t=2.62, p=.011), emotional intelligence (t=2.66, p=.010), and interpersonal communication competence (t=2.87, p=.006) in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, our study suggests a need to include content from communication curricula or clinical communication training programs for improving undergraduate nursing students' communication skills in practice settings.
Curriculum ; Education ; Emotional Intelligence ; Humans ; Learning* ; Mental Competency ; Nursing* ; Power (Psychology)* ; Students, Nursing*

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has revolutionized various fields, including stem cell research, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. The evolution of iPSC-based models has transitioned from conventional two-dimensional systems to more physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) models such as spheroids and organoids.Nonetheless, there still remain challenges including limitations in creating complex 3D tissue geometry and structures, the emergence of necrotic core in existing 3D models, and limited scalability and reproducibility. 3D bioprinting has emerged as a revolutionary technology that can facilitate the development of complex 3D tissues and organs with high scalability and reproducibility. This innovative approach has the potential to effectively bridge the gap between conventional iPSC models and complex 3D tissues in vivo. This review focuses on current trends and advancements in the bioprinting of iPSCs. Specifically, it covers the fundamental concepts and techniques of bioprinting and bioink design, reviews recent progress in iPSC bioprinting research with a specific focus on bioprinting undifferentiated iPSCs, and concludes by discussing existing limitations and future prospects.

Double-orifice mitral valve is a relatively rare congenital abnormality, usually discovered at autopsy or surgery. In most cases, the double-orifice mitral valve causes no hemodynamic effects, sometimes it is regurgitant, and rarely is stenotic. Appreciation of this echocardiographic abnormality is important because double orifice mitral valve is often associated with other congenital anomalies and this echocardiographic findings may be confused with other cardiac abnormalities. The authors report a case of isolated congenital double-orifice mitral valve in a 42-year-old woman. Data from the literature are reviewed and the echocardiographic images of the malformation are described.
Adult ; Autopsy ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Mitral Valve*

PURPOSE: In this action research mixed research methods combining quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to examine a parent empowerment program for married immigrant women. METHODS: Data were collected from 14 women who participated in the action research. The 1st and 2nd sessions consisted of problem definition, planning, observation . evaluation and reflection. The parent empowerment program for married immigrant women was developed through theses steps, and quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed in order to examine the effects of the program and the participant' empowerment experiences. Quantitative data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test, and qualitative data using content analysis. RESULTS: The parent empowerment program was effective in enhancing married immigrant women's parenting efficacy and parenting attitude. The results of the qualitative analysis showed that, participants' empowerment experiences were: "learn information on parenting", "live stately with assertion my of opinions", "become confident in giving care", "as learner appreciating that children also try to be nice" and "family relations have improved". CONCLUSION: These results indicate the program is effective in enabling married immigrant women to find a 'positive I' so that they become aware of their identity as parents and help in their roles as parents.
Child ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Female ; Health Services Research ; Humans ; Parenting ; Parents ; Power (Psychology)

BACKGROUND: This study examined patient and hospital factors related to long-stay admissions in long-term care hospitals (LTCHs) among older people in Korea. METHODS: We analyzed health insurance claims data, entitlement data, and institutional administrative data from the National Health Insurance Service databases between 2010 and 2012. At the patient level, we compared characteristics of patients staying in LTCHs for over 180 days (the long-stay group) with those staying in LTCHs for less than 90 days during a calendar year. At the hospital level, we examined the general characteristics and staffing levels of the top 10% of hospitals with the highest proportion of patients whose length of stay (LOS) was 180+ days (the hospitals with long-stay patients) and compared them with the top 10% of hospitals with the highest proportions of patients whose LOS was less than 90 days (hospitals with shorter-stay patients). RESULTS: The long-stay group accounted for about 40% of all LTCH patients. People in the group were more likely to be women, aged 80+, living alone, and experiencing more than two health conditions. Compared to the hospitals with shorter-stay patients, those with long-stay patients were more likely to be occupied by patients with behavior problems and/or impaired cognition, owned by corporate or local governments, have more beds and a longer period of operation, and deliver services with lower staffing levels. CONCLUSION: This study found long-stay older people in LTCHs and those in LTCHs with high proportions of long-stay older patients had several distinct characteristics compared to their counterparts designated in this study. Patient and hospital characteristics need to be considered in policies aiming to resolve long-stay admissions problems in LTCHs.
Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Korea* ; Length of Stay ; Long-Term Care* ; National Health Programs

PURPOSE: To report the results of strabismus surgery in five patients diagnosed with myasthenia gravis with strabismus. CASE SUMMARY: The authors retrospectively analyzed the effect and timing of surgery for patients who developed strabismus after being diagnosed for myasthenia gravis. Cases 1 and 2 were female myasthenia gravis patients, eight and 45 years of age, who underwent surgery after symptoms developed for correction of exotropia at 33 months and ten years after diagnosis, respectively. Case 3 was a 33-year-old male hyperthyroidism patient who had an exotropia operation six years after his strabismus diagnosis. Cases 4 and 5 were a 22-year-old female and a 50-year-old male patient, who underwent surgery for correction of left hypotropia at 14 months and ten months after diagnosis, respectively. Eventually, a total of three cases of horizontal deviation and two cases of vertical deviation had successful outcomes resulting within ten prism diopters. The patients in cases 4 and 5, both of whom had vertical deviations, experienced a short wait time from the date of symptom presentation until they were able to receive surgery. In particular, case 5 developed left hypertropia two months prior to surgery and the strabismus angle increased until six months prior to surgery. However, the hypertropia stabilized afterwards and the patient finally obtained orthophoria after a left inferior rectus advancement operation. CONCLUSIONS: In patients diagnosed with myasthenia gravis and a large angle strabismus, a longer follow-up period from diagnosis to operation is necessary for a successful postoperative outcome and stable strabismus angle.
Adult ; Exotropia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myasthenia Gravis ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: To identify work sectors with high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in Korean men and women. METHODS: We analyzed nationwide data to identify ergonomic risk factors in Korean employees. In particular, we analyzed data on exposure to five ergonomic risk factors (painful/tiring postures, lifting/moving heavy materials, standing/walking, repetitive hand/arm movements, and hand/arm vibration) according to employment sector, sex, and age, using the 2014 Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey. We also used workers' compensation data on work-related MSDs in 2010, which is available by sex. RESULTS: The different work sectors had different gender distributions. “Manufacturing” (27.7%) and “construction” (11.3%) were dominated by males, whereas “human health and social work activities” (12.4%), “hotel and restaurants” (11.7%), and “education” (10.4%) were dominated by females. However, “wholesale and retail trade” and “public administration and defense” employed large numbers of males and females. Furthermore, the work sectors with a greater proportion of work-related MSDs and with multiple ergonomic risk factors were different for men and women. For men, “construction” and “manufacturing” had the highest risk for work-related MSDs; for women, “hotel and restaurants” had the highest risk for work-related MSDs. CONCLUSION: Ergonomic interventions for workers should consider gender and should focus on work sectors with high risk for MSDs, with multiple ergonomic risk factors, and with the largest number of workers.
Employment ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Posture ; Risk Factors ; Social Work ; Workers' Compensation