Objective To explore the value of Nacotrend and the degree and prognosis of disturbance of consciousness in craniocerebral injured patients. Methods Forty craniocerebral injured patients were observed and Nacotrend index (NI) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) were evaluated 24 h after the operation. After followed up for 3 months, the patients with Glasgow coma scale (GOS) 4-5 scores were enrolled into in good recovery group and the patients with GOS 1-3 scores were enrolled into bad recovery group. The correlation of NI and prognosis was analyzed. Results There were 17 cases in the good recovery group, and 23 cases in the bad recovery group. Pearson correlation coefficient of NI and GCS was 0.721, P<0.01. The level of NI in good recovery group was 64.26±12.73, in bad recovery group was 29.57±8.12, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion NI can be used in coma patients for consciousness grading assessment and also can correctly evaluate the prognosis.

Objective To establish an in vivo imaging method of normal or tumorous liver in mice by using a new type nanoparticle contrast agent, ExiTron nano 12000, coupled with micro-CT imaging.Methods Six 6-8-week old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into group A and group group B, by intravenous injection of 50μL and 100μL Ex-iTron nano 12000, respectively.In vivo Micro-CT scans were performed before contrast agent injection, 3 minutes, 24 hours, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days after injection.To determine which dose is suitable for long-term studies, gray scale value a-nalysis was performed on selected region of interest ( ROI) in the left lobe and right anterior lobe of the liver, and the chan-ges of liver tissue contrast was monitored after ExiTron nano 12000 injection.Three male HBV transgenic mice bearing liver tumors ( group C) were intravenously injected with the determined dose of ExiTron nano 12000 and were monitored by mi-cro-CT scans as above described.At 56 days after ExiTron nano 12000 injection, the mice were sacrificed and liver sam-ples were taken for histological analysis.Results Cross-sectional images taken at various time points and the average gray scale value ( AGSV) analysis in the mouse liver revealed that the AGSV peaked at 24 hours after injection of contrast rea-gent and good contrast still presented in the livers within 56 days of observation for both groups, though group B showed a significantly higher contrast than group A (P＜0.01).Those data indicated that the dose of group B (100μL) was better to maintain ExiTron nano 12000 in the liver of mice for a long time.Contrast-enhanced by 100μL of ExiTron nano 12000, the liver tumor nodules in the mice of group C could be clearly delineated by Micro CT imaging during a 56 days observa-tion.Histological analysis revealed atypical hyperplasia, enlarged nuclei with hyperchromasia and cell necrosis in the tumors.Conclusions An in vivo imaging method was established to non-invasively visualize mouse liver using micro-CT combined with nanoparticle-based contrast agent and this technology may be applied to a live imaging of murine primary liv-er tumors.

OBJECTIVE To analyze multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(ABA) outbreak of nosocomial infection in the respiratory intensive care unit(RICU),to explore effective measures for prevention and control.METHODS In RICU on April 3 to 30 2009,patients under mechanical ventilation in the respiratory tract with MDRABA were conductd epidemiological surveys.RESULTS On 27 consecutive days,six cases occurred in mechanical ventilation in patients with lower respiratory tract MDRABA infection,of which 5 patients were cured;6 cases of lower respiratory tract of patients in sputum specimens isolated the same resistance spectrum MDRABA.CONCLUSIONS Medical personnel lack the consciousness of washing their hands.Indoor environment,air disinfection machine lack of supervision in mechanical ventilation patients with lower respiratory tract MDRABA,were the main reasons of infection outbreak.Strict isolation of patients should be strengthened,full implementation of hand-washing compliance,education,conventional screening,early intervention to prevent outbreak of hospital infection.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of three preoperative imaging methods in the anterolateral thigh flap (ALT) transplantation.

METHODSAccording to preoperative imaging, patients who underwent the ALT flap transplantation were divided into three groups: computed tomography angiography (CTA) group, digital subtract angiography ( DSA) group and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) group. There were fifteen cases in each group. We compared the imaging quality of the ALT artery among these groups and recorded the parameters of lateral femoral circumflex artery, descending branches and perforators including type, course and size. The results from images were compared with intraoperative findings. The success rate and complications were also recorded.

RESULTSThe preoperative imaging accuracy of the types of the lateral femoral circumflex artery and descending branch was more than 92.3%, with no significant different between any two of three groups (P > 0.05). The difference in diameters of descending branches and perforators from preoperative measurement and from intraoperative measurement was also not significant between any two of the three groups; the success rate and complications were not also obviously different (P > 0.05 , P > 0.05, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative mapping using CTA, DSA and MRA is a feasible and reliable method for the flap design in ALT transplantation. As a preoperative evaluation means, CTA and MRA may replace DSA in the ALT transplantation.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; methods ; Feasibility Studies ; Femoral Artery ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Preoperative Care ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation ; Thigh ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Imaging is an essential tool in the management of spinal disorders. Most spine surgeons focus on bony structures and the spinal cord when reading imaging examinations, while the interpretation of the morphology and characteristics of soft tissues such as paraspinal muscles and fat has been a "relative blind spot". As the imaging features of the non-bony structures of the spine have been studied and reinterpreted, it has become clear that these non-bony structural changes are also associated with spinal diseases. Soft tissue parameters such as "paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area," "subcutaneous fat thickness," and "paraspinal muscle fat infiltration rate" on CT, MRI, and other imaging studies have been shown to play a role in spine diseases, and have been shown to be reproducible in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of spinal disorders and have potential for clinical application. In addition, the association of sarcopenia and spinal epidural lipomatosis with spinal disorders is gaining attention. In recent years, with a better understanding of the pathogenesis of spinal disorders, techniques such as 3D gait analysis and photographic postural measurement have also shown promise in the diagnosis and assessment of the outcome of degenerative spinal disorders and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. In view of this, this article summarizes the latest research progress in the basic and clinical aspects of non-bony structures of the spine and analyzes the significance of the imaging features of these non-bony structures in the basic research and diagnosis of spinal diseases.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a kind of devastating and common neuropsychiatric disorder, and its etiology remains to be determined. Dizocilpine MK-801 animal models, which can cover the major endophenotypes of SCZ, are widely used in the study of SCZ. In this paper, the research status is reviewed about the pathogenic mechanism, modeling method, behavioral characteristics of MK-801 animal models of SCZ in recent years in order to provide some possible ideas for the study of SCZ.