Objective To explore the clinical value of ultrasound guided biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid micro carcinoma . Methods 150 patients who were suspected to have thyroid nodules on thyroid ultrasound examination in recent years were enrolled for the study .They all went first for ultrasound guided biopsy and then for surgical resected pathological examination .Results 51 cases with confirmed cancer on ultrasound guided biopsy underwent surgical resected pathological examination ,3 cases were missed diagnosis .Surgical findings revealed carcinoma with diameter greater than 1 cm in 24 cases ,follicular carcinoma and medullary car-cinoma in 2 cases .Carcinoma with diameter less than 1 cm were revealed in 30 cases of papillary carcinoma .There were 2 male and 28 female patients ,aged range from 15-40 years having mean age of (27 .5 ± 1 .3) years .The accuracy of ultrasound guided biop-sy reached up to 90 .0% .Conclusion Ultrasound guided biopsy has high accuracy in diagnosing thyroid micro carcinoma preoperatively .

Objective To investigate the efficacy of foramen magnum decompression alone and foramen magnum decompression + Syrinx-shunt in the treatment of Chiari anomalies with syringomyelia.Methods Forty-nine Chiari anomalies with syringomyelia patients were selected,28 patients performed foramen magnum decompression alone (surgical method Ⅰ group),21 patients performed foramen magnum decompression + Syrinx-shunt (surgical method Ⅱ group).The treatment efficacy was evaluated by postoperative clinical effect and MRI review.Results In surgical method Ⅰ group,effective in 18 cases,invalid in 10 cases,the effective rate was 64.3％ (18/28).In surgical method Ⅱ group,effective in 19 cases,invalid in 2 cases,the effective rate was 90.5％(19/21).There was statistical difference (x2 =4.45,P =0.034).Conclusion Foramen magnum decompression + Syrinx-shunt is effective in the treatment of Chiari anomalies with syringomyelia,which is applicable for these patients and has a more precise consequence than foramen magnum decompression alone.

Objective:To observe the effect of hair care products containing zinc pyrithione, pollen extract, sachitin and other ingredients assisted with finasteride in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.Methods:From June 2018 to February 2019, 60 male androgen alopecia patients aged 18-40 (30.85±4.73) years were enrolled in this study. 30 cases in each group were treated for 180 days, and finasteride 1 mg/day was taken orally in both groups. In the experimental group, on the basis of finasteride, hair care products containing zinc pyrithione, pollen extract, sachitin and other ingredients were used, while the control group was treated with common care products. The improvement of scalp and hair and the satisfaction of patients were evaluated before and after treatment.Results:After 180 days of treatment, the improvement of scalp oil ( t=2.744, P<0.05), pruritus ( t=2.574, P<0.05), dandruff ( t=2.579, P<0.05) and general sense of use ( t=2.134, P<0.05) in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group ( t=2.077, P<0.05). The hair density of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group ( P<0.05). The patients＇ satisfaction rates in the experimental group and the control group were 96.67% (29/30) and 83.33% (25/30), respectively; there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). No adverse reactions were found in all patients. Conclusions:Hair care products containing zinc pyrithione, pollen extract, sachitin and other ingredients assisted with finasteride can improve the scalp oil, pruritus and dandruff of patients with androgenic alopecia, and can increase the curative effect of the treatment of alopecia of the patients.

Objective:To investigate the damage effect of bisphenol A (BPA)on the testis tissue of adult mice, and to reveal the reproductive toxicity of BPA in the body of animal and mechanism.Methods:40 KM mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into control group (according to the weight ratio of corn oil gavage), low dose of BPA group (100 mg·kg-1BPA),moderate dose of BPA group (200 mg·kg-1 BPA),and high dose of BPA group (400 mg·kg-1 BPA).4 weeks laster,the testis tissue was taken.The apoptotic rates in the testis tissue were detected by flow cytometry;the distribution and expression of Fas and FADD were measured by immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared with control group,the apoptotic rate,the expression rates of Fas and FADD in testis tissue of the mice in low dose of BAP group had no changes (P>0.05),while the apoptotic rates in the testis tissue and the positive expressions rates of Fas and FADD in moderate and high doses of BPA groups were increased (P<0.05).Compared with low dose of BPA group,the apoptotic rates and the positive expression rates of FAS and FADD in tests tissue of the mice in moderate and high doses of BPA groups were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with moderate dose of BPA group,the apoptotic rate and the positive expression rates of FAS and FADD in testis tissue of the mice in high dose of BPA group was significantly increased (P<0.05).The overexpression of Fas and FADD was positively correlated to the apoptotic rate in testis tissue in moderate dose of BPA group (r=0.430,P<0.05;r=0.238,P<0.01)and high dose of BPA group (r=0.637,P<0.01;r=0.359,P<0.01).Conclusion:BPA with content dose can increase the apoptotic rates of cells in testis tissue and the expressions of Fas and FADD.BPA’s reproductive toxicity may be closely associated with the activation of Fas signal pathway and resulting in massive apoptosis.

The main ingredients of Ophiopogonjaponicas include steroidal saponins,flavonoids,polysaccharides,and so on,but the research on polysaccharides is relatively less.This particle will mainly review the chemical composition,analytical methods,and pharmacological effects of Ophiopogon polysaccharides.The Ophiopogon polysaccharides contain a variety of substances,such as MDG-1,Md-1,Md-2,OJP-1,etc;The main analysis methods were sulfuric acid method,phenol-sulfuric acid method,3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) colorimetric method,and near-infrared spectroscopy combined with partial least squares regression method.Ophiopogon polysaccharides can effectively improve the cardiovascular system diseases,with antihypoxia,anti-inflammatory,antitumor,anti-oxidation,and other pharmacological effects.

The prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs are growing important in recent years, and faced with new developments and opportunities. The author analyzed the importance of formulate national processing procedures of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs combined actual work, proposed the overall objectives and tasks for the formulation, and emphasized to need to correctly deal with several important factors during the process of formulate "National processing procedures of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs", unified the national standards of prepared slices, solved the real problems that the prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs industry faced.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards

Objective:To study the clinical effect of alpha hydroxy acids on facial acne patients.Methods:A total of 36 patients with facial acne who were treated at the Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital from December 1, 2018 to May 31, 2019 were selected. All patients were treated with 20% alpha hydroxy acids. Treatment efficiency, lesions improvement and patients＇satisfaction were evaluated.Results:All evaluation indexes were improved after treatment. Before treatment, patients with acne were classified into grade Ⅰ(9 cases), grade Ⅱ(18 cases ), and grade Ⅲ (9 cases) through Pillsbury Grading, and after treatment, there were 28 cases of grade Ⅰ, 28 cases of grade Ⅱ, and 0 cases of grade Ⅲ, which had statistic differences ( χ2= 22.603, P<0.001). The number of lesions before treatment was 38.64±15.57, and that was 16.17±11.49 after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=6.967, P<0.001). After treatment, 2 cases were cured, 17 cases were markedly effective, 11 cases were effective, 2 cases were ineffective and 4 cases were worsening. 30 patients were cured, markedly effective or effective, and the total effective rate was 83.33%. The value of skin pores before treatment was 1263.67±593.44, and decreased to 1196.33±579.27 after treatment. The difference was statistically significant ( t=3.155, P<0.05). After the treatment, all the patients were satisfied with the effect. Conclusions:Alpha hydroxy acid is a safe and effective method for acne patients.

Objective:To explore the effect of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) on memory improvement and Aβ expression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice.Methods:(1) Ten 5-month-old 5×FAD mice were randomly divided into PTX3 group and model group ( n=5); 5 C57BL/6 wild-type mice at the same age were selected as control group; mice in the PTX3 group and control group were stereotactically injected 4 μL 0.5 g/L PTX3 or same dose of phosphate buffered saline (PBS); Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory abilities, Y maze test was used to detect the short-term memory, and ELISA was used to obsevre the contents of Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 in the brain hemisphere. (2) Twenty-five 3-month-old 5×FAD mice were randomly divided into model group, 2 μg/kg PTX3 group, 4 μg/kg PTX3 group, 8 μg/kg PTX3 group, and 16 μg/kg PTX3 group ( n=5); 5 C57BL/6 wild-type mice at the same age were selected as control group; mice in the PTX3 groups were intranasally injected 2, 4, 8, and 16 μg/kg PTX3, respectively; those in the model group and control group were intranasally injected same dose of PBS; injection was given once every 96 h for a total of 7 times. Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory abilities, Y maze test was used to detect the short-term memory, and ELISA was used to obsevre the contents of Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 in the hippocampus. Results:(1) Compared with the model group, the PTX3 group had significantly shorter platform latency, higher percentage of exploration time and higher percentage of spontaneous alternations ( P<0.05). Compared with those in model group ([63.38±21.42] pg/mL, [29.77±6.11] pg/mL), the concentrations of Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 in the brain tissues of PTX3 group ([15.87±2.11] pg/mL, [16.55±1.95] pg/mL) were statistically lower ( P<0.05). (2) Compared with the model group, the 16 μg/kg PTX3 group had significantly shorter escape latency and higher percentage of exploration time ( P<0.05); compared with the model group, the 2 μg/kg PTX3 group and 16 μg/kg PTX3 group had significantly higher percentage of spontaneous alternations ( P<0.05). The contents of Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 in the hippocampus of 8 μg/kg PTX3 group and 16 μg/kg PTX3 group were statistically lower compared with those in the model group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:PTX3 may attenuate cognitive deficits and decrease Aβ expression in the brain or hippocampus tissues of 5×FAD mice with AD.

Objective To provide theoretical reference and practical basis for accurately choosing the suitable packaging forms for different Injections. Methods Based on the raw materials in the common packaging forms of injections, the research and application progress on different packaging forms for injections were reviewed by analyzing the characteristics and technical requirements of different packaging forms, and the current registration information of pharmaceutical packaging materials in the Center for Drug Evaluation, NMPA were introduced. Results For preparations with small single-dose and low-cost, the ampoules or injection vials could be chosen. Powder injections are usually packaged in injection vials. For rescue medicines and valuable medicines, the pre-filled syringes could be chosen. For chronic disease treatment drugs (such as insulin) that require long-term injection, or some injections for emergency use, a pen-type syringe package that patients can inject themselves could be used. Neutral glass packaging or plastic packaging should be used for some acidic or alkaline. Conclusion The drug manufacturers should comprehensively consider the physicochemical properties of drugs, the performance of packaging raw materials, compatibility test results, price-cost, and convenience in carrying and use when choosing the appropriate packaging form to ensure the quality, safety, and effectivity of drugs.

Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of the assessment tools of Brief ICF Core Sets for Arthroplasty of Knee Osteoarthritis in Perioperative Period(ICSAKOPP). Methods From May,2022 to April,2023,320 patients undergoing knee arthroplasty were selected in Peking University Third Hospital,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Peking University First Hospital and Chinese PLA General Hospital.Trained assessors used Brief ICSAKOPP to evaluate all enrolled patients before arthroplasty,three days(±one day)after arthroplasty,three weeks(±one week)after arthroplasty,and three months(±one month)after ar-throplasty.Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)scores were recorded at the same time.Five professionals were asked to score all the items of Brief ICSAKOPP,and the content validity index(CVI)was caculated. Results A total of 64 cases were dropped down.CVI of all the items of the Brief ICSAKOPP were above 0.8,with a av-erage CVI of the scale of 0.938.The Cronbach's α coefficient of the Brief ICSAKOPP was 0.813.There was a moderate correlation(r=0.681,P<0.001)between the overall Brief ICSAKOPP and WOMAC scores,as well as body functional dimension score(r=0.668,P<0.001)and activities and participation dimension score(r=0.657,P<0.001). Conclusion Brief ICSAKOPP is good in content validity,internal consistency reliability and criterion validity.