Objective To research the method of Chronic hepatic injury modeling in mice induced by D -galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide combination . Methods Injected D-galactosamine ( 30 mg/mL ) and lipopolysaccharide ( 2μg/mL ) combination by intraperitoneal injection , two days at a time for 8 weeks .Monitored variation of diet and weight; detected serum level of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), been put to death in mice and removed the liver tissue .strained hepatic tissue by the HE and Masoon dye to observe Liver tissue structure and cellular morphology and the degree of fibrosis .Results Lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine combination resulted in ALT rise , hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis ,collagen fiber hyperplasia obviously . Conclusion D-galactosamine and Lipopolysaccharide combination could induce mice chronic hepatic injury modeling .

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma, and its etiology and molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) participates in the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of DLBCL. This article reviews lncRNA-related genes and signaling pathways as well as the molecular mechanism of DLBCL.

Objective:To compare the clinical, pathological features and prognosis of patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with standard or extended lymph node dissection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 158 pancreatic head cancer patients who underwent radical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from Jul 2017 to Feb 2019. The clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis between the standard dissection group and the extended dissection group were compared. The relationship between the number of examined lymph nodes, positive lymph nodes, and the lymph node ratio, together with their relationship with survival were analyzed.Results:Survival analysis showed no statistical difference in survival between the standard resection group and the extended resection group ( P=0.99). There were statistical differences in gender and age composition between the two group, but no significant differences in operation time, blood loss, or postoperative complications were found. Patients with less examined lymph nodes tended to be of stage N0. examined lymph nodes is positively correlated with positive lymph nodes but is not significantly correlated with lymph node ratio. Positive lymph nodes is strongly correlated with lymph node ratio. The location of lymph node metastasis was not survival-related. Conclusions:There is no prognostic difference between standard lymph node dissection and extended lymph node dissection in pancreatic cancinoma patients after Whipple procedure.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with high clinical and biological heterogeneity. Only 60% of patients can benefit from standard immunochemotherapy. Looking for new clinical parameters and biomarkers to better classify and stratify the prognosis of DLBCL patients has been the focused area in recent years. This article reviews the classifications and their prognostic significances of DLBCL by analyzing the related studies of genome and transcriptome.

Objective:To study the clinical pathological features of patients with relapsed diffuse large B-celllymphoma (DLBCL) and to provide evidence for early clinical screening of recurrent cases.Methods:The clinical and pathological data of the 20 patients, who had relapsed DLBCL (relapsed group) and were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to December 2019, were included. Meanwhile, other 34 patients with DLBCL who had achieved complete response (CR) for 36 months or more (CR group) were used as controls.Statistical methods were used to retrospectively analyze the differences in general conditions, clinical characteristics, lab resultsand pathological features between the two groups.Results:Clinically, there were 6 males and 14 females with a median age of 55.5 (33-85) years in the relapsed group and 14 males and 20 females with a median age of 53 (15-89) years in the CR group. The relapsed and CR groups had significant difference in Ann Arbor stage ( P=0.001), International Prognostic Index score ( P=0.006), primary lesions ( P=0.003), extranodal involvement ( P=0.002), and hepatitis B viral infection ( P=0.046), β2-MG level ( P=0.029), LDH level ( P=0.005) and CRP level ( P=0.006), while the age ( P=0.732), gender ( P=0.416), ECOG score ( P=0.248), B symptoms ( P=0.511), the presence of hypoalbuminemia ( P=0.279), anemia ( P=0.983) and A/G( P=0.416) showed no statistical difference.Pathologically, compared with the CR group, the relapsed group was mostly non-GCB type (85% vs. 59%, P=0.048), with a higher CD5 positive rate (25% vs.3%, P=0.014) and a lower bcl-6　positive rate (60% vs. 88%, P=0.017), while the expression of Ki-67, CD10, bcl-2, MUM1, CD20 and PAX5 was not different between the two groups. Conclusion:Most of the patients with relapsed DLBCL are non-GCB type. The patients with CD5 positivity, stage III-IV, International Prognostic Index score 3-5, nodal origin, often involving>1 extranodal organ, abnormally elevated LDH, CRP and β2-MG level, and HBV infection are more likely to relapse.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between clinicopathologic features and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma located in the head of pancreas.Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 169 patients undergoing radical resection for pancreatic head cancer collected in the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from January 2018 to April 2019. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed.Results:Patient′s age, tumor differentiation, tumor maximum diameter, resection margin (several resection margins including portal vein groove resection margin, posterior resection margin, and uncinate resection margin), number of positive lymph nodes, number of regional lymph node dissected, and some preoperative and postoperative indicators were associated with prognosis ( P<0.05). Direct tumor invasion of organs and surrounding tissues, perineural and vascular invasion, pathologic variants etc. had no statistical significance for survival time. Patient′s age, maximum tumor diameter, degree of differentiation, uncinate incision margin, number of regional lymph nodes dissected, and preoperative CA19-9 were independent factors affecting prognosis. Patients older than 74 years of age, with tumors larger than 3 cm in diameter, poorly differentiated, less than 7 regional lymph node dissected, positive uncinate margin, and preoperative CA19-9 higher than 1.5×10 5 U/L were independent risk factors in patients with pancreatic head cancer. Conclusions:Old age, tumor lager than 3 cm, poor differentiation, low examined lymph nodes, direct uncinate margin involvement and (or) with preoperative CA19-9 higher than 1.5×10 5 U/L are related to poor prognosis of head pancreatic cancer.