ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of uhrasonography for arthrocentesis in the hip and the advance of the femoral head/acetabulum as the puncture location in patients without sonographically obvious joint effusion.Methods Forty-three patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis or osteoarthritis were included,82 hip joints were involved and received ultrasounded-guided intra-articular injections.The puncture site was the joint space between the femoral head and the acetabulum.The times,depth,procedure time,side effects and complications of each injection were recorded.ResultsAll 82 hips could be explicitly displayed.The depths from the skin surface to the joint space were (3.4 ± 0.9)cm (left)and (3.1 ± 0.8)cm (right),respectively.Overall,100％ of hip joints were punctured successfully,and 95.1％ of them were succeeded with the first arthrocentesis.The procedure time was (287.9 ± 45.8) s.No side effects or complications were observed.ConclusionsThe sonographic technique could be used as a primary method of image guidance for performing hip arthrocentesis and the joint space between the femoral head and the acetabulum could be a choice of target location for the patients without joint effusion.

Objective:To study the cytokine mechanism of Jiawei Xuanfei Toujie Ji(JXT)therapy to influenza infected mouse.Methods:Mice were inoculated intranasally with mouse lung-adapted influenza virus strain(FM1),and were treated with JXT. At 5th days after postinoculation were sacrificed, and IL-2,TNF-?,IL-6,IFN-? in their sera were measured with ELISA kits, their lungs sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.Results:Compared with model group ,the levels of IL-2 and IFN-? in JXT group were dramatically higher,and the levels of TNF-? and IL-6 were lower,and pathological effects of influenza pneumonia showed less lung injury.Conclusion:Regulative effects on cytokine may be one of the factors that JXT decrease the pathogenesis of influenza-induced acute lung injury.

AIM: To study the effect of berberine(Ber) on invasion and migration of PG cells from a high metastatic human giant lung carcinoma cell line and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: Agarose drop method was used to detect PG migration; transwell cabin with FN in lower chamber was adopted to detect PG chemotaxis. PG adhesion to FN and martrigel was detected by MTT; PG invasive ability was determined by transwell cabin covered with martrigel. Expression of MMP2/TIMP2 protein and mRNA were detected by quantitative immunocytochemical method and RT - PCR respectively. RESULTS: After PG was treated by Ber( 10 mg/L) for 24 h: 1 ) migration distance of Ber- treated PG cells was markedly shorter than that of control cells (P ＜0. 01 ) and the number of passed membrane cells towards FN was much fewer than that of control cells ( P ＜ 0. 01 ); 2) PG adhesion to FN and martrigel was inhibited remarkably by Ber compared with control PG; 3) the migration of PG cells through the martrigel -coated transwell was significantly inhibited by the addition of Ber; 4) MMP2 expression was reduced significantly(P ＜0. 01 ), while the TIMP2 expression showed up - regulating tendency, but had no differences compared with control group (P ＞ 0. 05). The MMP2/TIMP2 ratio was decreased; 5 )the MMP2 mRNA/TIMP2 mRNA ratio was decreased by Ber. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of cell migration, adhesion to ECM and invasion into ECM of tumor cells and regulation of homeostasis between MMPs and TIMPs to maintain ECM integrity may be the basic mechanism of inhibitive effect of Ber on invasion and metastasis of tumors.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCEUS) in assessing the peripancreatic vascular invasion of pancreatic carcinoma.Methods Twenty-eight patients with pancreatic cancer confirmed by postoperative pathology were examined by DCEUS preoperatively.The relationship between neoplasms and peripancreatic vessels was analyzed for assessing whether vascular invasion of pancreatic cancer had occurred.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of DCEUS in evaluating vascular involvement were calculated by using the surgical results as a gold standard.Kappa test was used for assessing the intra- and interobserver reliability of DCEUS.Results In total 28 patients,21 cases were diagnosed as vascular invasion,whereas,7 cases were noninvasive by surgical results.By DCEUS,18 cases were assessed as positive involvement of vessels,whereas,10 cases were negative.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of DCEUS in evaluating vascular involvement were 85.71 ％,100％,100 ％,70.00 ％ and 89.29 ％ respectively,and with higher reliability (Kappainter =0.75,Kappa =0.80).Conclusions DCEUS could be considered as a novel method to assess vascular invasion of pancreatic carcinoma accurately and reliably.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCUS) in diagnosing lymph nodes metastasis of gastric carcinoma.Methods One hundred and sixteen patients with gastric cancer diagnosed by gastroscope and confirmed by pathology after operation were examined by DCUS preoperatively.The enhanced characteristic of gastric carcinoma tissues was assessed by autotracking contrast quantification(ACQ) software.The baseline intensity(BI), peak intensity(PI), arrival time(AT) and time to peak(TTP) of gastric cancer was measured automatically,and the enhanced intensity (EI) and wash-in time(WIT) of gastric cancer was calculated manually (EI=PI-BI; WIT=TTP-AT).All of the subjects were divided into two groups according to their lymph nodes status postoperatively:group N1,sixty-nine patients with lymph nodes metastasis; and group N0, forty-seven patients without lymph nodes metastasis.The DCUS quantitative analysis and pathological results of these two groups were compared each other.The Kappa's test was used for inter-rater reliability.Results BI of group N1 in the gastric carcinoma tissues was lower than that of group N0 significantly [(1.41 ± 1.56)dB vs (3.92 ± 2.82)dB, t = - 4.81, P = 0.000].EI of group N1 in the gastric carcinoma tissues was higher than that of group N0 significantly [(20.67±3.71)dB vs (14.12±3.75)dB, t=7.31, P=0.000].Moreover, there was a significant difference of WIT in the gastric carcinoma tissues between these two groups[(9.12±2.99)s vs (10.88±3.05)s, t =-2.43, P=0.018].The WIT in patients with lymph nodes metastasis was shorter than that without it. A cut-off value ＞17.05 dB of EI in gastric cancer tissues for assessing the lymph nodes metastasis had a sensitivity of 80.50% and specificity of 76.70% respectively obtained by the area under the ROC curve. The Kappa value of this method was 0.88.Conclusions EI of gastric cancer tissues can be considered as a new potential index to evaluate the lymph nodes metastasis of gastric cancer.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of two dimensions reconstruction(TDR) and multiple planes reconstruction(MPR) technique with multiple slices spiral CT in diagnosis for peripheral pulmonary carcinoma(PPC).Methods 17 cases of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma were examined with the multiple slices spiral CT scan and MPR.Results The imaging of TDR revealed the internal structure ,burr sign and petaline sign of PPC and the surrounding vessels of focus. It also showed the spatial structure between focus and pleural , mediastine. But the area and the features of the imaging of TDR were limited. The MPR could reveal the spatial structure between focus and pleural , mediastine in many aspects .It also revealed the features of pulmonary carcinoma and the spatial structure between focus and surrounding tissue.Conclusion It is valuable for diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma that application of MPR based on the imaging of two dimensions reconstruction.

Objective To evaluate the concordance of two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and intelligent spatiotemporal image correlation (iSTIC) in measuring fetal aortic and aortic arch diameters during the second and third trimesters.Methods Data were collected by a prospective cross-sectional study of 140 normal singleton fetuses with the gestational age from 22 to 32 weeks.A total of 6 dimensions of the fetal aortic and aortic arch,including aortic annular diameter (AO),ascending aorta diameter (AAO),aortic arch diameter [AO Arch (INA to LCCA)],aortic arch diameter [AO Arch (LCCA to LSA)],aortic isthmus diameter and descending aorta diameter (DAO),were measured by two different methods.Concordance was assessed by comparing the measurements acquired by iSTIC with those determined by 2DE and depicted by Bland-Altman plots.Inter-and intra-observer variability was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) test.Results A total of 137 iSTIC volumes in 140 cases were found to be suitable for further analysis.Good correlation was observed in the measurements that determined by 2D or iSTIC (Pearson's R2 =0.977-0.983).There was no significant difference in the mean values of all the parameters that measured by two methods.Bland-Altman plot showed that the 95％ limits of agreement (LOA) in AO,AAO,AO Arch (INA to LCCA),AO Arch (LCCA to LSA),aortic isthmus diameter and DAO were (-0.1260/+ 0.2299),(-0.1707/+ 0.2241),(-0.1547/+ 0.2190),(-0.1736/+ 0.2024),(-0.1514/+ 0.2039) and (-0.1485/+ 0.2228),respectively.The points in the outside of LOA were 5.11％ (7/137),4.38％ (6/137),5.11％ (7/137),5.84％ (8/137),4.38％ (6/137)and 4.38％ (6/137),respectively.Conclusions iSTIC has a good agreement with 2DE in measuring fetal aortic and aortic arch dimensions during the second and third trimesters.

Background Researchers showed that posterior capsule opacification (PCO) may be associated with the materials of intraocular lenses (IOLs).However,there have long been controversies about the influence of IOLs materials on PCO pathogenesis.Objective This study was to compare the capsule biocompatibility of different materials of IOLs by observing the biological behavior of human lens epithelial cells (LECs) on the surface of IOLs,including adhesion,proliferation,epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the secretion of transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2),interleukin-6 (IL-6),matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in vitro.Methods Human lens epithelial cell line (HLE-B3) was cultured on the surface of hydrophobic acrylic (Acrysof SA60AT) IOLs,silicone (Crystalens HD) IOLs and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) IOLs for 6 hours and 24 hours,respectively.The number and morphology of HLE-B3 cells on the surface of IOLs were observed under the optical microscope.The proliferation states of the cells on the IOL surface were detected with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),a mesenchymal cell marker,in the cells was detected by immunofluoreseence technology,and the EMT rates of HLE-B3 cells were calculated.The contents of TGF-β2,IL-6,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the medium of IOL surface were measured by ELISA assay.The examination results were compared among different IOLs.Results Six hours after cultured,attached cells showed polygon and round in shape on the surface of Acrysof IOLs and Crystalens IOLs,while those on the PMMA IOLs showed the fusiform.Twenty-four hours after cultured,the cells extended obviously.On the surface of Acrysof IOLs and Crystalens IOLs,the adherent cells showed less cobble-stone like and more spindle shape;while those on the PMMA IOLs showed the typical fiber and some cells clustered the pearl rolls.The number of the cells on the Acrysof IOLs,Crystalens IOLs and PMMA IOLs was 0.238 4 ± 0.007 1,0.178 1 ±-0.006 6 and 0.158 9 ± 0.006 9 respectively,showing a significant difference among the three types of IOLs (F =475.947,P =0.000),and the number of the cells was much more on the Acrysof IOLs than that on the Crystalens IOLs or PMMA IOLs (both at P＜0.001).The EMT rats of the cells on the Acrysof IOLs,Crystalens IOLs and PMMA IOLs were (9.99±3.80) ％,(17.33±5.71) ％ and (84.16±10.48) ％,with a significant difference among them (F =127.411,P =0.000),and the EMT rates of the cells on the PMMA IOLs were significantly higher than those on the Crystalens IOLs and A.crysof IOLs(both at P＜0.001).There were significant differences in the contents of TGF-β2,IL-6,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the medium on the Acrysof IOLs,Crystalens IOLs and PMMA IOLs (F =0.846,0.947,0.255,0.922,all at P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The hydrophobic acrylic IOLs have the best capsule biocompatibility followed by the silicone IOLs and then the PMMA IOLs.

Objective To evaluate right atrial function in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) by using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI).Methods Study population consisted of 31 patients with IDCM,30 with ICM and 30 healthy subjects.High frame rate two-dimensional images were recorded from the apical four chamber view.Right atrial global longitudinal strain (GLS) was measured using two-dimensional strain soft ware.Results Compared with the controls,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE),right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC),right ventricular fractional shortening (RVFS) and tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity(S') decreased (P ＜0.05),while right ventricular myocardial performance index (MPI) increased in IDCM and ICM group.There were no significant differences for all above echocardiographic parameters between IDCM and ICM patients.Compared with the controls,right atrial GLS decreased significantly in patients with IDCM and ICM,even much lower in patients with IDCM (P ＜0.001).Conclusions Measurement of right atrial strain using 2DSTI could be used for the assessment of right atrial dysfunction in patients with ICDM and ICM.

Objective To assess the value of the clinical application of two dimensions reconstruction and surface shaded display (SSD) with multiple slices spiral CT in diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma .Methods Peripheral pulmonary carcinomas in 35 cases were scanned by multiple slices spiral CT. The source images of CT were reconstructed by two dimensions reconstruction and surface shaded display (SSD) techniques.Results The images of two dimensions reconstruction could show the internal structure of lesions,lobulated sign burr sign,the vessels surrounding the focus,and the relation between focus and pleural as well as mediastina,but the relation of tumor and the organs surrounding the tumor could be showed not stereoscopically and directly.The images of SSD could not only reveal the relation between focus and surrounding organs in different dirctions but also revealed the features of pulmonary carcinoma stereoscopically and directly.Conclusion It is valuable for diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary carcinoma that application of SSD based on the images of two dimensions reconstruction.