The effects of hemocoagulase in injectable form(hemocoagulating enzymatic fraction of South American snake Botrops Jararaca venom provided by Ravizza) on the control of intraocular bleeding during vitreous surgery were evaluated in rabbit eyes. Intraocular infusion solution with hemocoagulase(1 NIH thrombin unit/100 ml BSS) significantly reduced the bleeding time to 33.2 +/- 9.7 seconds. Electroretinogram b-wave and electroretinogram c-wave showed no abnormality. Infusate with hemocoagulase appeared to be a favorite agent for the control of intraocular bleeding during viteous surgery.
Batroxobin* ; Bleeding Time ; Bothrops ; Hemorrhage* ; Snakes ; Thrombin ; Venoms

Multiple agents can cause anaphylaxis in a perioperative setting. Identifying the agent responsible is essential for avoiding future adverse reactions as well as to attenuate the progression of anaphylaxis. Being able to distinguish an anaphylactic reaction from an anaphylactoid reaction would help clarify the therapeutic and medicolegal issues. Anaphylaxis generally occurs after reexposure to a specific antigen and requires the release of proinflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils. An increased concentration of mast cell tryptase is a highly sensitive indicator of anaphylactic reactions during anesthesia. Botropase(R) is a procoagulant hemocoagulase purified from venom of Bothrops jararaca, a Brazilian viper and in wide use in patients with high risk of bleeding. We report a case of suspected anaphylaxis to Botropase(R) in a 67 years old female patient undergoing segmental resection of the liver with elevated concentration of serum mast cell tryptase.
Aged ; Anaphylaxis* ; Anesthesia ; Basophils ; Batroxobin* ; Bothrops ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Histamine ; Humans ; Liver ; Mast Cells* ; Tryptases* ; Venoms

From April, 1980, to April, 1965, 24 male inpatients with suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy due to benign prostatic hypertrophy(B.P.H) were entered in the study. They were randomized into three groups. Intraoperative blood losses were evaluated by weighing the aspirated blood and the blood retained by the gauze tampones. New antihemorrhagic agent, Botropase(Bothrops Jararaca venom extract) was administered intramuscularly or intravenously in 8 cases of suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy due to B.P.H and following result were obtained. 1. Botropase(Bothrops Jararaca venom extract) was found to be useful to lead to reduction of local hemorrhage without any thrombophilic effect on the coagulation and fibrinolytic system. 2. Postoperative hematuria is significantly reduced by the administration of an antifibrinolytic agent. 3. In patients with a high thromboembolic risk, variation of the intra- and postoperativecoagulation and fibrinolytic activities should be carefully assessed; This is in under to prevent with the correct treatment thromboembolic accidents or disseminated intravascular coagulation syndromes. 4. No serious side effects were observed.
Bothrops ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Male ; Prostatectomy* ; Venoms