No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Malformations ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine mediating effects of pleasurable activities on the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation among the elderly moderated by living arrangement such as those living alone (LA) versus those living with others (LWO). METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional and correlational design using secondary data analysis of the 2017 Korean National Survey on the Elderly (2,416 for the LA group, and 6,106 for the LWO group). Logistic regression analysis was conducted comparing effects of pleasurable activities on suicidal ideation between the two groups. RESULTS: For suicidal ideation, there were significant differences in suicidal ideation by sex, religion, and senior center visits in the LA group, while the LWO group had no significant differences identified. Both groups showed significantly different associations of suicidal ideation by socioeconomic status, gathering, meaningful interaction, and depression. Senior center visits were statistically significant in the LA group, while there was not significant in the LWO group. CONCLUSION: Visiting senior centers can reduce suicidal ideation of the LA group. To prevent suicidal ideation of the elderly living alone, mental health specialists should provide community-cooperative environments to address these issues, especially LA elderly.
Aged ; Depression ; Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Logistic Models ; Mental Health ; Negotiating ; Residence Characteristics ; Senior Centers ; Social Class ; Specialization ; Statistics as Topic ; Suicidal Ideation

A 46-year-old man presented with a progressive headache lasting for 2 weeks. Initial lumbar puncture revealed a pressure of 31 cm H20 and 30 white cells. His symptoms had worsened despite the treatment of intracranial hypertension. Visual field exam showed marked peripheral constriction and the fundus showed marked papilledema. Cytological analysis of cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated positive for metastatic carcinoma. We report a case of a patient with meningeal carcinomatosis who developed isolated intracranial hypertension with papilledema.

Neurological complications following liver transplantation are more common than after other organ transplants. These complications include seizure in about 8% of cases, which is associated with morbidity and mortality. Seizure should be treated immediately, and the process of differential diagnosis has to be performed appropriately in order to avoid permanent neurologic deficit. We herein report a case of status epilepticus after liver transplantation. The status epilepticus was treated promptly and the cause of seizure was assessed. The patient was discharged without any complication.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Mortality ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; Seizures ; Status Epilepticus* ; Transplants

Luffa cylindrica (LC) is a very fast-growing climber and its fruit have been considered as agricultural wastes. We conducted to check the comparative qualities of ethanol solvent extraction (LCE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (LCS) of L. cylindrica fruit and seed. LCS had higher antioxidant and polyphenol contents than LCE. LCS were significantly increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-a and involucrin expression as epidermal differentiation marker in 3D skin equivalent model. LCS also showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a causative bacteria in atopic dermatitis. In addition, LCS inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. When treated with the extract at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells was increased approximately by 2-folds compared to that of the untreated control group. These results indicate that L. cylindrica supercritical carbon dioxide extract may serve as a cosmeceutical for improving skin barrier function and the treatment of obesity.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; Bacteria ; Carbon Dioxide ; Carbon ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Ethanol ; Fruit ; Luciferases ; Luffa ; Obesity ; Peroxisomes ; Skin ; Staphylococcus aureus

OBJECTIVE: The Valsalva maneuver is recognized as an effective method to dilate the internal jugular vein (IJV). However, this maneuver cannot be performed in many cases, such as children and unconscious patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of proximal IJV compression, which can easily be performed, regardless of patient cooperation. METHODS: Healthy adult volunteers were recruited from tertiary hospital employees. Basic anatomic and physiologic data were collected. The subjects lay down as if they were undergoing IJV catheter insertion, in the supine position with their necks turned 30 degrees to the left. The main outcome was the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the distal IJV as measured by ultrasound in four stages. The first stage was sham without any maneuver. The second was Valsalva maneuver, the third was digital IJV compression, and the fourth was digital compression accompanied by simultaneous Valsalva maneuver. RESULTS: A total of 41 volunteers were enrolled. Twenty-six (63.41%) were male with an average age of 28.15±2.85 years. Mean height was 170.74±8.66 cm and mean neck circumference was 35.28±3.87 cm. The mean CSA-IJV was 1.06±0.36 cm² without any maneuver. It increased to 1.34±0.45 cm² with Valsalva maneuver (P<0.001), to 1.26±0.41 cm² with digital compression (P<0.001), and to 1.41±0.47 cm² with the two maneuvers combined (P=0.01). CONCLUSION: Digital proximal IJV compression effectively dilates the distal IJV. When performed simultaneously with the Valsalva maneuver, the effect was enhanced.
Adult ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Child ; Humans ; Jugular Veins* ; Male ; Methods ; Neck ; Patient Compliance ; Supine Position ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Ultrasonography ; Valsalva Maneuver* ; Volunteers

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Despite the widespread use of dietary assessment tools, the validity of food records has not been evaluated in Koreans. We assessed the accuracy of estimated food records and the effect of a short education session in young Korean women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty women (aged 18–23 yrs) each completed 3 food records during a controlled-feeding study. One educational session was provided on day 2 of the study. Food records were analyzed for the accuracy of food items and portion size estimation according to food group (grains; meat, fish, eggs, and beans; vegetables; fruit; dairy; and oils and sugars) and type of dish (rice, kimchi, soup, side dishes, spreads, beverages, and snacks). Reported food items were categorized as exact, close, or far matches, exclusions, or intrusions. Portion sizes were evaluated as accurate, similar, or inaccurate estimates, or missing. The means of days 2 and 3 were used to assess post-education results. Paired t-tests were performed to assess the effects of the education session. RESULTS: The mean percentages of exact matches, close matches, far matches, and exclusions on day 1 were 80.9%, 10.9%, 2.0%, and 6.2%, respectively, and mean intrusions observed were 0.1. The education session slightly increased the accuracy of recorded food items. The percentages of accurate, similar, and inaccurate estimates, and missing portion sizes were 11.7%, 19.8%, 12.2%, and 56.3%, respectively, at baseline. The percentage of missing portion size estimates decreased to 14.0% after the education session, resulting in an increase in the percentages of all other estimates. An increase was observed in the accuracy of reported portion sizes of vegetables, rice, and kimchi. CONCLUSIONS In young Korean women, estimated food records are highly accurate for food items but not for portion size estimates without prior education. A short education session can improve the accuracy of portion size estimation.

Chronic ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes photoaging, which represents skin damage, disrupts skin barrier function, and promotes wrinkle formation. We investigated that the polysaccharide extract of an edible basidiomycetous white jelly mushroom, Tremella fuciformis, (TF-Glucan ® ) exhibited statistically photoprotective activity by inhibiting matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and increasing collagen synthesis, and an antiinflammatory activity by inhibiting nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines at the concentrations of less than 1000 μg/ml, which is not cytotoxic (p < 0.05). Additionally, TF-Glucan ® increased the expression of involucrin and filaggrin to prevent the disruption of UVB-induced barrier function (p < 0.05). TF-Glucan ® was assessed as a safe material by the human primary skin irritation (1, 3, 5%), human repeated insult patch test (no sensitization at 5%), 3T3 NRU phototoxicity assay (no phototoxicity, PIF < 2, MPE < 0.1), eye irritation test test by BCOP (no category, IVIS ≤ 3) and local lymph node assay (negative at 10, 25, 50%) for identifying potential skin sensitizing. These results suggest that TF-Glucan ® may be useful as an anti-photoaging ingredient for developing cosmeceuticals.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Despite the widespread use of dietary assessment tools, the validity of food records has not been evaluated in Koreans. We assessed the accuracy of estimated food records and the effect of a short education session in young Korean women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty women (aged 18–23 yrs) each completed 3 food records during a controlled-feeding study. One educational session was provided on day 2 of the study. Food records were analyzed for the accuracy of food items and portion size estimation according to food group (grains; meat, fish, eggs, and beans; vegetables; fruit; dairy; and oils and sugars) and type of dish (rice, kimchi, soup, side dishes, spreads, beverages, and snacks). Reported food items were categorized as exact, close, or far matches, exclusions, or intrusions. Portion sizes were evaluated as accurate, similar, or inaccurate estimates, or missing. The means of days 2 and 3 were used to assess post-education results. Paired t-tests were performed to assess the effects of the education session. RESULTS: The mean percentages of exact matches, close matches, far matches, and exclusions on day 1 were 80.9%, 10.9%, 2.0%, and 6.2%, respectively, and mean intrusions observed were 0.1. The education session slightly increased the accuracy of recorded food items. The percentages of accurate, similar, and inaccurate estimates, and missing portion sizes were 11.7%, 19.8%, 12.2%, and 56.3%, respectively, at baseline. The percentage of missing portion size estimates decreased to 14.0% after the education session, resulting in an increase in the percentages of all other estimates. An increase was observed in the accuracy of reported portion sizes of vegetables, rice, and kimchi. CONCLUSIONS In young Korean women, estimated food records are highly accurate for food items but not for portion size estimates without prior education. A short education session can improve the accuracy of portion size estimation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on depression among patients with lung cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies. A literature search was performed through PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and five Korean databases in November 2020. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Ver. 3.0 and Review Manager Ver. 5.4 programs. Results: A total of 37 studies, including 25 RCTs and 12 quasi-experimental studies, were identified; 27 studies reported data suitable for meta-analysis. In meta-analysis, the overall effect sizes for NPIs of RCTs and quasi-experimental studies were −0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.90, −0.31) and −0.40 (95% CI: −0.59, −0.21), respectively. Among the types of NPI in RCTs, the effect size of psychological therapy was the largest with −0.68 (95% CI: −1.13, −0.23). In addition, information & communication technology (ICT) had a larger effect size of −0.68 (95% CI: −1.13, −0.23), compared to face-to-face intervention. Conclusion NPIs may have a significant effect in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with lung cancer. It is suggested that further studies develop and apply structured NPIs considering intervention components such as type and mode of ICT delivery.