Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are usually interfered by noises and base-line drift. A morphological filtering approach is put forward to remove the noise of the ECG signals and to calibrate the base-line drift in this paper. Different sizes of structuring elements were used to process the signals for different properties of ECG signal and noise. The morphological filtering approach is simple, fast and real-time in processing the signals, and it keeps the ECG signal shape unchanged while removing the noise. An experiment was carried out to simulate the morphological filtering approach with LabVIEW, and it was shown that this approach was effective in removing noise and in calibrating the base-line drift.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Calibration ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective: To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia in the residents aged 40 years and over in the rural areas of Liaoning Province,so as to provide basis for the development of targeted prevention and control measures. Methods: From September 2017 to May 2018,by stratified cluster random sampling method,the residents aged 40 years or above from 19 villages in Liaoning Province were selected. Demographic features,height,weight,blood pressure and lipid level were collected. A logistic regression model was applied to explore the influencing factors for dyslipidemia. Results: A total of 10 926 residents were recruited,with an average age of （59.97±10.08）years. The crude and standardized prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was 30.96% and 29.68%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that women（OR=1.323,95%CI：1.189-1.473）,50-69 years old（OR：1.238-1.333,95%CI：1.075-1.523）,a high school education or below（OR：0.585-0.635,95%CI：0.439-0.842）,hypertension（OR=1.398,95%CI：1.273-1.534）,diabetes（OR=2.137,95%CI：1.918-2.381）,overweight or obesity（OR=2.101,95%CI：1.916-2.303）, meat-based meals（OR=1.306,95%CI：1.144-1.492）and vegetables intake less than 5 days a week（OR：1.169-1.387,95%CI：1.004-1.796） were associated with dyslipidemiais. Conclusions The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was 30.96% in the rural residents aged 40 years and over in Liaoning Province. People who were females,who were 50-69 years old,and who suffered from hypertension,diabetes,overweight or obese,might take their lipid levels into consideration.

Objective:To compare the embedding anastomosis with the intermittent eversion anastomosis on the pancreatic fistula rates after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD).Methods:The clinical data of 116 patients who underwent LPD at the Center Hospital of Xianyang City affiliated to Xi' an Jiaotong University Health Science Center from March 2016 to March 2020 were retrospectively studied. According to the method of pancreaticojejunostomy used, these patients were divided into the following two groups: the embedding anastomosis group ( n=55) and the intermittent eversion anastomosis group ( n=61). The duration of pancreaticojejunostomy, bilioenterostomy and gastrointestinal anastomoses, and the amounts of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results:Of 116 patients in this study, there were 67 males and 49 females, with a median age of 61.5 years. No perioperative death occurred in the 2 groups. The operation time, digestive tract reconstruction time and pancreaticojejunostomy time in the embedded anastomosis group were (260±20), (65±15) and (35±15) min, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the intermittent eversion anastomosis group (305±25), (81±25) and (45±12) min, (all P<0.05). The grade A and B pancreatic fistula rates in the embedded anastomosis group were 27.3%(15/55) and 21.8%(12/55), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the intermittent eversion anastomosis group [8.2%(5/61) and 6.6%(4/61)], (all P<0.05). The postoperative hospital stay in the intermittent eversion anastomosis group (10.3±1.1) d was significantly lower than that in the embedding anastomosis group [(15.2±3.2) d, P<0.05]. Conclusion:In LPD, when compared with embedded pancreaticojejunostomy, intermittent eversion pancreaticojejunostomy reduced the postoperative pancreatic fistula rate and shortened the postoperative hospital stay.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of total laparoscopic surgery vs. open surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods:The clinical data of 45 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and 42 patients by open surgery from Mar 2017 to Mar 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in demographics, Bismuth classification and excision extension between the two groups (all P>0.05). The laparoscopic surgery used longer time ( t=-1.366, P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissection and postoperative hospital stay favored laparoscopic method( t=0.043, t=0.026, t=-1.852, P<0.05). R 0 radical resection rate，postoperative complications were also in favor of laparoscopic surgery ( χ2=3.216, χ2=2.566, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative pathology and in hospital expenses (all P>0.05). The 1- and 3-year survival rate of the laparoscopic group was superior (all P<0.05). Conclusions:In spite of longer operational time，patients in laparoscopic hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical resection group have shorter postoperative in hospital stay and longer postoperative survival time.