The most common ocular finding of the idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) is superficial retinal hemorrhages in both eyes. But the descriptions of new vessel on the optic disc(NVD) associated with ITP are scarcely found in literatures. A 17-year-old girl who managed for ITP complained of visual distrubance of the right eye and floaters of the left eye. On fundoscopy the right eye was failed to examine due to thick vitreous hemorrhage and the left eye showed NVD and preretinal hemorrhage. After panretinal photocoagulation of the left eye, NVD was regressed.

Perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCLs) are useful tools during vitreous surgery for complicated retinal detachments. Generally, these liquids are used as short-term vitreous replacement without retinal toxicities. But long-term tolerance of intraocular fluorochemicals is not established. We evaluated long-term tolerances to intraocular perfluorophenanthrene(Vitreon) or perfluorodecalin(DK-line) in the rabbit retina for a period of up to 3 months. Three days after C3F8 gas-compression of the vitreous, 1.2ml of highly purified PFCLs were injected into 26 rabbit eyes. Control eyes received same volumes of balanced salt solution. Eyes were examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy and light and electron microscopy. Clinically PFCLs were emulsified and dispersed into small bubbles after 2-3 weeks. Mild posterior subcapsular cataracts and vitreous opacities were observed after long-term retention of PFCLs. Histopathologically, at 1 week after surgery, several epiretinal macrophages were present in both groups. Focal disarrangements of photoreceptors were observed in perfluorodecalintreated group. At I month after surgery, protrusion of Muller cell, dropdown of photoreceptor nuclei, loss of photoreceptors, outer and inner segments and retinal pigment epithelial hypertrophy were observed. In perfluorodecalin-treated group, atrophy in outer nuclear layer and thinning of all the retinal layers occurred. At 3 months after surgery, small oil-like droplets were scattered throughout the retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium in perfluorodecalin-treated group. These findings were almost totally confined to the lower part of retina that has been long-term contact with the liquids. Our findings suggest that perfluorodecalin is more toxic to the retina than perfluorophenanthrene. Both liquids are not adequate for long-term vitreous replacement, but may be useful for short-term intraoperative use.
Atrophy ; Cataract ; Hypertrophy ; Macrophages ; Microscopy, Electron ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinaldehyde*

Diode laser photocoagulation was performed in the pigmented rabbits, after intravenous administration of the Indocyanine green(4mg/kg). Exposure time and spot size were fixed at 0.2 second and 200um, and laser power varied in the range of 200-250mW to achieve gray-white burn. Ophthalmoscopic examination 1 hour later revealed that whitish photocoagulated lesion appeared somewhat larger in the ICG- administrated group than in the control. Depigmented border of the lesion appeared more distinct in the ICG- administrated group than in the control at 1 week later. There was no distinct difference between both groups at 1 month later. Histopathologically, degree of retinal damage was similar in both groups, but occlusion of choriocapillaris was more severe in the ICG- administrated group than in the control.
Administration, Intravenous ; Burns ; Indocyanine Green* ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Light Coagulation* ; Rabbits ; Retinaldehyde

Choroidal osteoma, a benign tumor and involving one eye frequently, occurred around optic disc in usually healthy young women, In our cases, the ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a sharply circumscribed, slightly elevated, orange-red subretinal lesion with irregular geographic borders and the tumors became depigmented and yellow-white with time. Diffuse and mottled depigmentation of the overlying pigment epithelium was occurred and the tufts of branching blood vessels were scattered on the tumor suface. In case 1, the tumor size was enlarged with pregnancy. In case 2, the tumor size was progressively enlarged with time in right eye and new lesion was developed in left eye, which had been normal at the first visit. The causes of visual disturbance were degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium and sensory retina in case 1 and right eye of case 2, and submacular neovascular membrane in left eye of case 2.
Blood Vessels ; Choroid* ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Membranes ; Osteoma* ; Pregnancy ; Retina ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium

The rabbit keratocytes were cultured to evaluate the effects of L-ascorbic acid(AA), ascorbic acid 2-sulfate(AA-2S), and ascorbic acid 2-phosphate(AA-2P) by measuring cell numbers and 3H-thymidine incorporation. AA at a concentration of 0.05mM enhanced the proliferation of the cells progressively. Addition of 0.1, and 0.5mM AA stimulated the proliferation of cells in the 3rd and 7th day after culture and inhibited in the 15th and 20th day in a dose-dependent manner. AA-2S showed a similar pattern to those of the AA effect, although the inhibitory effect was milder than AA. All concentrations of AA-2P enhanced the proliferation of the cells from the early phase. The effect was prominent in the late phase in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that AA-2P is the most stable and the least cytotoxic in the aqueous solution state or culture media and, 0.1-0.5mM concentration of it is best in the promotion of the proliferation of the cultured keratocytes.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Cell Count ; Culture Media

Sclerostomy is preferable full-thickness filtration surgery, if very low pressure are desired or if guard filtration surgery had failed. Laser sclerostomy can be performed in a less invasive manner than standard procedure, so it reduces scar formation and minimizes postoperative complications. The objective of this investigation was to determine the feasibility and parameters of laser sclerostomy using a diode laser. The diode laser with a fiberoptic delivery system is lightweight, portable and utilizes a 100 Volt outlet. Eighteen eyes of pigmented rabbits underwent a diode laser ab externo sclerostomy with energy 2 W, duration 1-2 seconds by applying endolaser probe, 0.5 mm from the limbus. Gross and histopathologic examination were done at 1 hour and 7 days after treatment. A patent fistula with formation of filtering bleb was achieved in all cases. There was a flattening of the filtration bleb at 3.3 postoperative days.
Blister ; Cicatrix ; Filtering Surgery ; Filtration ; Fistula ; Lasers, Semiconductor* ; Postoperative Complications ; Rabbits* ; Sclerostomy*

We presented a case of wasp sting of 42 year old, farmer who got stung on the cornea directly. At the time of first examination, the patient had visual acuity of 0.02 in the right eye. Slit lamp examination revealed corneal epithelial desquamation and vesicle, striate keratitis, diffuse stromal edema and fine keratic precipitates on the corneal endothelium. The iris was depigmented and atrophic, and pupil was mydriatic and nonreactive. The lens was opaque at the center of anterior caspsule and fundus was not visualized. 4 months later, the corneal lesion was slightly improved. Clinical findings of iris and lens still unchanged.
Adult ; Bites and Stings* ; Cornea ; Edema ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Humans ; Iris ; Keratitis ; Pupil ; Visual Acuity ; Wasps*

Perfluorocarbon liquids have been used to facilitate surgery in complicated retinal detachments or giant retinal tears which were difficult to manage. The results of perfluorophenanthrene usage in 26 eyes that had been taken vitreoretinal surgery were analyzed.The causes of retinal detachments were giant retinal tears in five eyes[19%], pseudophakia or aphakia in three[12%]and trauma in three.As tamponades, C3F8 gas was used in 11 eyes and silicone oil in 15 eyes. Overall, anatomical success rate was 73%and functional success rate was 58%.All of the giant retinal tears were successfully reattached and four eyes[80%]were functionally successful.The rates of anatomical success were 75%in eyes with grade C proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and 64%in grade D.Regarding postoperative tamponade materials, there was no significant difference between C3F8 gas and silicone oil.Releasing retinectomy was perfomed in four eyes and there was no functional success. In conclusion, perfluorocarbon liquid is a useful instrument that improves the result of operation of complicated retinal detachment if used selectively.
Aphakia ; Pseudophakia ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Silicone Oils ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinal Surgery ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

Authors evaluated the retinal toxic reation of intravitreal injection with a regimens of 10 microgram of amphotericin B on both phakic and aphakic eyes of rabbits. In addition to the eye receiving single injection, the effects of repeating the same dose second and third time at interval of 1 week were examined by light microscopy after last injection. The results were as follows: 1. Even a single intravitreal injection with regimens of 10 microgram amphotericin B, vitreous opacities and posterior subcapsular lens opacities were observed ophthalmoscopically. 2. A single and repeated intravitreal injections with regimens of 10 microgram amphotericin B showed focal areas of retinal toxic reation. 3. Lens extraction did not modify the retinotoxic reation of intravitreally administrated amphotericin B. 4. Repetitive intravitreal injection of amphotericin B did not show increasing retinal toxic reation.
Amphotericin B* ; Cataract ; Intravitreal Injections* ; Microscopy ; Rabbits ; Retinaldehyde*

The migration of photoreceptors into the subretinal space has been reported to occur in developing and aged rat retina, in aged human retina, in detached owl monkey, and in detached cat retina. Subretinal photoreceptor cells have been observed in aphakic-vitrectomized rabbit eyes with or without intravitreal saline or antibiotic injection. Variety of photoreceptor cell nuclei can be distinguished. The nuclei of photoreceptor cells change their shape so as to pass easily through the juncition and thereafter they returned to their original shape in sub retinal space. The mechanisms and biological significance of this phenomenon are not yet certain, but it may by one of the important factors contributing to decreased vision with aging.
Aging ; Animals ; Aotidae ; Cats ; Humans ; Photoreceptor Cells* ; Rats ; Retina* ; Retinaldehyde