The first ray, including the hallux and first metatarsal, has historically been the most common location of congenital and functionally acquired deformities of the lower extremity. It has been the subject of extensive historical review and study as an untold number of authors and surgeons have directed their talents toward the comprehension and correction of the condition. But, few reports have been made on that subject in Korean population. So, we made a clinical and radilogical study of the hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA) and hallux valgus in 200 Korean population. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean value of HVA was 14.8°±4.6° in male and 17.6°±5.4°in female. The mean value of HVA of the hallux valgus patient was 33° 2. The mesn value of IMA was 8.6°±1.9°in male and 10.2°±2.2°in female. The mean value of IMA of the hallux valgus patient was 14° 3. The incidence of hallux valgus was 11% in male, 37% in female and female was 77% of all hallux vslgus patient. 4. The family history of hallux valgus was found in 63% and 94% of patients has bilateral involvement. 5. The most common chief complaint was pain over the medial side of the first MP joint or base of the other metatarsal bone. Symptoms were not correlated with angle value. 6. In the first MP joint of hallux valgus by Piggott, the deviated joint was most common (52%). 7. In the three basic MP joint types by Haas, the round metatarsal head was most common. 8. DASA was ranged from 0°to 7°in normal persons and from 2°to 16°in hallux valgus patients. 9. PASA was ranged from 1°to 9°in normsl persons and from 3°to 35°in hallux valgus patient. 10. The tibial sesamoid displacement more than grade 4 by Haas rating system was found 63% of hallux valgus patients.
Aptitude ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Comprehension ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Hallux Valgus ; Hallux ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; Surgeons

We experienced a case of transient complete A-V block, which developed probably due to acute myocarditis of viral etiology. The patient was 13 year old boy, and was admitted to our ward with chief complaints of intermittent abdominal pain and chest discomfort. The auscultation of the heart revealed, the 1st heart sounds varied in intensity, and the E.K.G. findings, checked then, showed complete A-V block with atrial rate of 110/min and ventricular rate of 73/min. We recommended absolute bed rest and oral prednisolove(50mg/day). He discharged on 10th hospital day in good condition with normalized E.K.G. finding.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Auscultation ; Bed Rest ; Heart ; Heart Sounds ; Humans ; Male ; Myocarditis ; Thorax

OBJECTIVE: Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 46 gene (USP46) polymorphisms is part of ubiquitin-proteasome system, which is responsible for dynamic cellular processes such as the regulation of cell cycle. USP46 has been reported to be associated with major depressive disorder. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association of USP46 polymorphisms with affective temperamental traits in healthy subjects. METHODS: A total of 557 Korean healthy volunteers were recruited, and 545 subjects (328 male, 217 female) were included in the final analysis. The DNA of the subjects was isolated from saliva samples. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs346005, rs2244291 in USP46 were genotyped. Affective temperaments were assessed using the Korean version of Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). RESULTS: A significant association was found between rs346005 genotypes and TEMPS-A only in male subjects. In particular, subjects with the CC genotype of rs346005 showed a more depressive temperament than subjects with AA or CA genotypes in males. For rs2244291, there were no associations between the rs2244291 genotypes and TEMPS-A scores. CONCLUSION: Some affective temperaments may serve as a genetic predisposing factors for affective disorders, such as depressive disorder, via vulnerability genes related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
Causality ; Cell Cycle ; Depressive Disorder ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; DNA ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genotype ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Mood Disorders ; Saliva ; Temperament ; Volunteers

A lithium-ion battery is a rechargeable battery that uses the reversible reduction of lithium ions to store energy and is the predominant battery type in many industrial and consumer electronics. The lithium-ion batteries are essential to ensure they operate safely. We conducted an exposure assessment five days after a fire in a battery-testing facility. We assessed some of the potentially hazardous materials after a lithium-ion battery fire. We sampled total suspended particles, hydrogen fluoride, and lithium with real-time monitoring of particulate matter (PM) 1, 2.5, and 10 micrometers (μm). The area sampling results indicated that primary potential hazardous materials such as dust, hydrogen fluoride, and lithium were below the recommended limits suggested by the Korean Ministry of Labor and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Values. Based on our assessment, workers were allowed to return to work.

Platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) has been shown to play an important role in periodontal regeneration. The purpose of the present study was to examine the distribution of PDGF in experimentally created periodontal intrabony defects after flap surgery with various bone graft materials. Six healthy mongrel dogs were used in this study. Three-wall bony defects were created in maxillary and mandibular premolars, inflammation induced by wire ligation and injection of impression material into the defects. Eight weeks later, the experimental lesions thus obtained were treated by plain flap surgery(control group), flap surgery plus autogenous bone graft(autogenous bone group), flap surgery plus Biocoral graft(Biocoral group), or flap surgery plus bioglass graft(bioglass group), which were randomly assigned to the defects. After 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively, 2 dogs were sacrificed at each time and the specimens were taken for histological examinations and immunohistochemical examinations for PDGF. In the control defects the amount of new bone formation was minimal. In the autogenous bone and Biocoral group new bone was deposited around implanted particles and the amount of new bone was increased with time. A large number of bioglass particles exibited a central excabation and bone formation could be observed in the central excabation as well as around the particles. The expression of PDGF was low in the control group. The expression of PDGF in Biocoral group was increased at 4, 8 week, but decreased at 12 week. The increased PDGF expression in autogenous bone and bioglass group was maintained to the end of the experiment
Animals ; Bicuspid ; Dogs ; Inflammation ; Ligation ; Osteogenesis ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor* ; Regeneration ; Transplants*

PURPOSE: We investigated the effects of bFGF/Sucralfate/Hydron suspension and hyperbaric oxygen on fibrovascular ingrowth into porous implants materials. METHODS: Eight rabbits underwent bilateral abdominal incision through which porous orbital disc-shaped implants were inserted between abdominal muscles. These implants were either uncoated or coated with suspension of bFGF/Sucralfate/Hydron. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was performed on 4 selected rabbits for 5 days or 10 days. Implants were harvested after 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks. RESULTS: Enhanced fibrovascular ingrowth was shown in bFGF/Sucralfate/Hydron or hyperbaric oxygen treated implants. bFGF/Sucralfate/Hydron treated implants demonstrated more fibrovascularization than hyperbaric oxygen treated implants. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous therapy of bFGF/Sucralfate/Hydron and hyperbaric oxygen showed more fibrovascularization than separately treated implants.
Abdominal Muscles ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Orbit ; Oxygen ; Rabbits

Benign tumors of the esophagus occur rarely as compared with the incidence of carcinomas. Among the benign tumors of the esophagus such as leiomyoma, lipoma, hemangioma, papilioma. polyp, cystetc. leiomyoma is the most common, although less than 10 percents of leiomyomas of the gastrointestinal tract are found in the esophagus. Most of leiomyomas of the esophagus present as solitary lesions but multiple tumors occur in about 4 percents of cases. Leiomyomas of the esophagus are diagnosed by thorough clinical evaluation, esophagogram and upper gastrofiberscopic examination but histological confirmation requires surgical or necropsy specimens. Occasionally gastrofiberscopic polypectomized specimens are used. We report one case of multiple leiomyomas of the esophagus located in between 25 cm and 40 cm distance from the incisor in a 38-year-old man who complained of vague substernal discomfort for about 10 years. Gastrofiberscopic polypectomized specimen was used for preoperative histological confirmation. The pathologic examination of the specimen showed leiomyoma of the esophagus.
Adult ; Esophagus* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Incisor ; Leiomyoma* ; Lipoma ; Polyps

No abstract available.
Periodontal Diseases*

No abstract available.

This study was designed to develop a program for unemployed matriarchs and show if the program affected their view on the meaning in life. The subjects were women registered in an occupational training program for unemployed matriarchs, which is being practiced in the 'Working Women Center' located in Busan. The researchers selected 44 persons from the group who agreed to our program. This study was done from the 10th of March, 1999 to the 9th of October. The researchers used the measurement tools, The Purpose in Life, Self-esteem, Hope and Meaning in Life which was composed of 63 items developed by them. Their Cronbach's alpha were .88, .79, .76 and .95. The researchers analyzed the data with frequency, percentage, Mean, S.D, Wilcoxon signed ranks test which were deduced from SPSS 10.0 WIN program. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The program is composed of 'becoming intimate', 'open-minded', 'exploration on self', 'relax of repressed emotion', 'self- acceptance', 'establishing the life-goal', 'enrichment of human relationship' and closing. It took 20 hours for this program to come into practice. 2) According to the analysis of the general traits of all subjects, average age was 39.36. High school graduates were 86%, college graduates were 14% and divorce were 57%, bereavement were 18%, and the rest were 25%. 3) The result of 1st progam showed self-esteem during the program was high. 4) The result of 2nd progam showed self-esteem during the program was high. 5) The result of 3rd progam showed the sum scores of meaning in life, creative meaning, and attitudinal meaning during the program was high. 6) The result of 4th progam showed the sum scores of meaning in life and creative meaning during the program was high. On the viewpoint of above results, we convinced that 'a program for unemployed matriarch is effective to establish a stronger meaning in life. Therefore, it is demanded that support for unemployed matriarchs should not only be economic help such as technical training and help of living expenses, but also psychological, professional and systematic support.
Bereavement ; Busan ; Counseling* ; Divorce ; Education ; Female ; Hope ; Humans