No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Rhabdomyosarcoma*

In Asia, mammography following the injection of foreign materials into the breasts for cosmetic augmentation is frequently seen and diagnosis based on the typical radiologic findings is straightforward. We report the unusual radiologic findings in two patients with foreign body granulomas caused by injected foreign materials and discovered incidentally during screening work up. The mammographic findings were bilateral, hyperdense, spiculated masses, with occasional microcalcification, and at sonography, markedly hypoechoic, spiculated solid masses, located near the pectoralis muscle and partly extending into it, were observed. These radiologic findings mimicked malignancy.
Breast Neoplasms/radiography ; Case Report ; Cholesterol ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Esthetics ; Female ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/etiology/*radiography/*ultrasonography ; Human ; Injections/adverse effects ; Mammography ; Middle Age ; Paraffin

No abstract available.
Orbit* ; Orbital Cellulitis*

BACKGROUND: The mechanism of salicylate ototoxicity is probably related to reversible biochemical or metabolic changes in the cochlea. Decreased cochlear blood flow seems to play an important role in salicylate ototoxicity. Several constituents of ginkgo extract have the action of increasing blood flow, antagonism of platelet activating factor and scavenger of free radicals. It might be thought that these activities of ginkgo extract could contribute to attenuate salicylate ototoxicity. OBJECTIVES: Whether the salicylate induced hearing loss could be attenuated by pretreatment with ginkgo extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Auditory brainstem response threshold changes were observed after the intramuscular injection of lysine salicylate(300mg/kg), or lysine salicylate with EGb 761(100mg/kg, single IP or 100mg/kg and 50mg/kg, IP, two times) pretreatment in each group of guinea pig. RESULTS: In the groups with Ginkgo extract pretreatment, the threshold changes were less severe and recovered earlier than in group with salicylate injection only(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: EGb 761 could attenuated the hearing loss after the injection of salicylate in guinea pig.
Animals ; Cochlea ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Free Radicals ; Ginkgo biloba* ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Hearing Loss ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Lysine ; Platelet Activating Factor

BACKGROUND: The regular meal pattern with consistent day-to-day calorie and carbohydrate intake is one of the most important determinants of good glycemic control in diabetes. This study was aimed to investigate the meal pattern and their relationships with total energy intake, nutrients intake and glycemic and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes. METHODS: 1,084 subjects were divided according to glycemic status into three groups: the diabetes (DM), dysglycemia (DG) and normal (N). The meal frequency (MF), meal interval (MI) and daily intake of total energy, macronutrient and micronutrient were estimated with the 24 hours dietary recall from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2001 and Eulji hospital. For analysis of meal pattern and it's relations with the nutrients intake, we regrouped into meal skipper (G1), non-meal skipper with unreasonable MI (G2), and non-meal skipper with reasonable MI (G3). RESULTS: 17.5% of DM, 21.8% of DG, 23.3% of N skipped at least one meal a day without significant difference across the groups. 55.9% of non-meal skipper had unreasonable MI. Meal was more regular in older age, lower educated person, employee, and female. G1 took higher fat, and more calories form snack and less micronutrient density, compared with G3 (P < 0.05). HbA1c, total cholesterol and triglyceride values were higher in G1 compared with other two groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Many type 2 diabetics had the irregular meal patterns, which was associated with poor glycemic control, lipid profiles and less micronutrient density. This suggested that another treatment strategy might be required for those who had irregular lifestyle.
Cholesterol ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Meals ; Micronutrients ; Nutrition Surveys ; Snacks

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic*

PURPOSE: In recent years, obesity in children has become one of the major nutritional problems, and the trend is that number of obese children is increasing. The purpose of this research is to examine the incidence of obesity in pubescent school children in Seoul and Cheju, and to analyze body fat component, complications and eating habits of those obese children in order to obtain basic information for prevention of obesity in children in the future. METHODS: The total number of 4,555 junior high school students from 4 schools consisting of 1,234 boys and 3,321 girls were examined based on their height and weight. For those children, obesity index was calculated based on the 50th percentile obtained from standard weight for height of children proposed by the Korean Pediatric Association in 1985. The body fat component was measured and compared between 275 children of 530 obese children(11.6%) and 275 children from the control group by Futrex-5000 A body fat and fitness computer. Of those children, oral glucose tolerance test, blood pressure, and biochemical studies were performed on 31 children whose follow-up was possible, and their exercise load and eating habits were examined. RESULTS: It was found that 11.6% of the subject children were obese, which consisted of 12.4% in boys and 11.4% in girls. The study showed 11.4% obesity ratio in Seoul and 13.2% obesity ratio in Cheju, but the difference was insignificant. Percents of bodyfat was 25.3+/-5.7% (mean+/-SD) for control group, 32.9+/-4.8% for mild obesity group, 35.6% for moderate obesity group, and 37.2+/-4.0% for severe obesity group. The morbidity of complications of those 31 children whose follow-up was possible showed the highest percentage of 29.0% in hyperlipidemia, and lower percentage in hypertension, elevated AST and/or ALT, glucose intolerance, diabetes, respectively. The eating habit analysis showed the total calorie intake/total energy expenditure ratio of 1.10 which is higher in calories than energy consumption, and the food intake evaluation showed that 23.3% of fat was contained in total calorie intake. CONCLUSIONS: The childhood obesity becomes the primary cause of adult obesity, hypertension and diabetes, and therefore, eating habits and exercise load should be carefully observed in order to prevent childhood obesity. In addition to the health care provided currently by schools, regular physical check-up should undertaken for early diagnosis to conduct appropriate tests and treatment.
Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Child* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Early Diagnosis ; Eating ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose Intolerance ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Incidence* ; Jeju-do ; Obesity* ; Obesity, Morbid ; Pediatric Obesity ; Seoul

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided core biopsies after digital mammography-guided two-dimensional localization (DM-2DL) of breast microcalcifications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients with 23 suspicious microcalcifications underwent US-guided core biopsies after DM-2DL, to mark the sites on the skin where microcalcifications had been found (craniocaudal and mediolateral (or lateromedial) views). Of the 23 lesions, 4 were sampled using a 14-gauge automated gun and the other 19 were sampled using an 8-gauge vacuum-assisted device. The lesions were categorized into two groups: those with and those without microcalcifications observed on US. The success rate for correctly sampling microcalcifications on the specimen radiograph in the two groups was assessed and their pathologic outcomes were investigated. RESULTS: Of the 23 lesions, 16 were invisible and 7 were visible to ultrasonographic microcalcifications. The sampling success rate for the specimen radiographs was 100% for ultrasonographic visible microcalcifications and 88% (14/16) for lesions invisible to ultrasonography after DM-2DL (p = 1.000). The cancer rate of individuals with microcalcifications observed on US (57%, 4/7) was greater than in individuals without visible microcalcifications (13%, 2/16) (p=0.045). CONCLUSION: Although some microcalcifications are invisible on US, a US-guided biopsy after DM-2DL is a useful method for the successful sampling of the microcalcifications.
Biopsy ; Breast ; Humans ; Mammography ; Skin

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea is defined as CSF otorrhea where there are no identifiable causes including previous trauma, surgery, infection, neoplasm or congenital anomaly. The condition is rare. The origin of CSF leak is commonly a defect in the tegmen of the middle cranial fossa. The pathophysiology of spontaneous CSF otorrhea is unclear. Two theories of the etiology of bony defects of the temporal bone are the congenital bony defect theory and arachnoid granulation theory. The authors experienced a case of a 49-year-old female patient admitted with the complaint of persistent right ear fullness. Computed tomography revealed a large defect of the middle fossa and suspicious CSF otorrhea through the defect of tegmen tympani. Repair was successful with multiple bone chips using the transmastoid approach. The postoperative course was good and there has been no recurrence of the CSF leakage.
Arachnoid ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea* ; Cranial Fossa, Middle* ; Ear ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Temporal Bone