The increased incidence of the trochanteric fracture of the femur was accompanied by the development of the vehicle and the prolongation of the average life-span. Recently it has been also increased in an active person from thirties to forties. 87 cases of the trochanteric fracture of the femur in 86 patients who have been admitted and treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Hanyang University Hospital during 8 years and 10 months, from May, 1972 to February, 1981, were reviewed. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The trochanteric fracture of the femur was more common in male and was frequent in a person who was from thirties to forties and who had vigorous social activity. 2. An injury from traffic accident was the most common cause of the fracture from thirties to forties and an injury from slip down was most common in seventies. 3. The unstable fracture which was classified by Evans' classification, Boyd and Griffin Type II Fx. and Tronzo Type III Fx. were most common in the intertrochanteric fracture and the Fielding Type II Fx. was most common in the subtrochanteric fracture of the femur. 4. Other injuries were accompanied by the trochanteric fracture of the femur in 38 patients (44.2%) and the pelvic bone fracture was the most common associated injury in these patients. 5. The weight bearing was allowed earlier in the patient who had been given the surgical Tx. than in the patient who had been given the conservative Tx. 6. In adults, there was no significant differences in the duration to achieve the bony union between the conservative treatment and surgical treatment performed. 7. We considered that the diminution of the probable complications by early weight bearing after accurate open reduction in accordance with the Type of the Fx. followed by secure internal fixation with devices is an ideal method of the Tx.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Femur ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Pelvic Bones ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Head* ; Humans ; Necrosis*

Fractures of the femoral neck in children are rare and usually severe violence to occur, which accounts for the high frequency of associated injuries. Since the femoral neck in children has many anatomic and physiologic differences, not only are there many difficulties during the treatment period, but complications such as post-traumatic coxa vara, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and premature epiphyseal closure may occur, sixty-two cases in sixty patients of fractures of the femoral neck in children which were treated at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine from Jan. 1971 to Dec. 1987 and at Young-Dong severance Hospital, Yonsei University college of Medicine from May. 1983 to Dec. 1987 were analyzed both clinically and radiologically. The following results were obtained: l. Of the 62 cases, the ratio of boys to girls was approximately 2:1 and the highest incidence was between 4 to 6 years old. 2. The main cause of fracture was traffic accidents, which occurred in 33 cases(53.2%). 3. According to the classification of Delbet and Colonna, the cervicotrochanteric fracture was the most common type(41.9% of the cases) and 29 cases(46.8%) were displaced fractures. 4. Thirty two cases(51.6%) were treated by conservative treatment and twenty eight cases (45.2%) by closed reduction and internal fixation. 5. Common associated injuries were genito-urinary tract injury, soft tissue injury, long bone fracture and pevic bone fractures. 6. All cases were followed for from 14 months to 15 years, average 8 years. 7. The results were analyzed according to Ratliff's assessment and 41 cases(66.1%) showed good results. 8. The total number of cases with complications was 33(53.2%). The most common complication being coxa vara and premature epiphyseal closure(32.2%). 9. Secondary treatment was done in 7 cases and correction osteotomy was done in 4 cases which had showed a good results. The authors found that for the treatment of type IV fractures, closed reduction followed by plaster of Paris immobilization was adeguate but for type I, II, III after early closed reduction, internal fixation was performed as soon as possible using threaded pins as the internal fixation device. The results were poor in type I and type II, fractures with severe displacement, and in cases in which the treatment was delayed due to associated injury.
Accidents, Traffic ; Calcium Sulfate ; Child ; Classification ; Coxa Vara ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Fractures, Bone ; Fractures, Closed ; Head ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Internal Fixators ; Necrosis ; Osteotomy ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Violence

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Talus*

PURPOSE: Bilateral high signal intensity in basal ganglia on Tl-weighted images is unusual. the purpose of this study is to describe the pattern of high signal intensity and underlying disease. METHODS AND MATERIALS: During the last three years, 8 patients showed bilateral high signal intensity in basal ganglia on Tl-weighted image, as compared with cerebral white matter. Authors analized the images and underlying causes retrospectively. Of 8 patients, 5 were male and 3 were female. The age ranged from 15 days to 79 years. All patient were examined by a 0.5T superconductive MRI. Images were obtained by spin echo multislice technique. RESULTS: Underlying causes were 4 cases of hepatopathy, 2 cases of calcium metabolism disorder, and one case each of neurofibromatosis and hypoxic brain injury. These process were bilateral in all cases and usually symmetric. In all cases the hyperintense areas were generally homogenous without mass effect or edema, although somewhat nodular appearence was seen in neurofibromatosis. Lesions were located in the globus pallidus and internal capsule in hepatopathy and neurofibromatosis, head of the caudate nucleus in disorder of calcum metabolism, and the globus pallidus in hypoxic brain injury. CONCLUSION: Although this study is limited by its patient population, bilateral hyperintense basal ganglia is associated with various disease entities. On analysis of hyperintense basal ganglia lesion, the knowledge of clinical information improved diagnostic accuracy.
Basal Ganglia* ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Calcium Metabolism Disorders ; Caudate Nucleus ; Edema ; Female ; Ganglia ; Globus Pallidus ; Head ; Humans ; Internal Capsule ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Metabolism ; Neurofibromatoses ; Retrospective Studies

Differentiation between benign and malignant hepatic lesions was attempted according to the shape of the lesion, internal architecture and characteristics of signal intensity on MR images. MR images. We retrospectively analyzed 20 cases of hemangiomas, 12 cases of hepatomas and 5 cases of cysts which were diagnosed by clinical, radiological and surgical methods (33 patients). On T1-weighted, proton weighted, and T2-weighted images, most hemangiomas (70%) and cysts (100%) had smooth margin and were round or oval in shape, while hepatocellular carcinomas had irregular (67%) or lobulated (33%) borders. Ninety percent of hemangiomas and 100% of cysts had homogeneous signal intensity, but 67% of hepatocellular carcinomas were inhomogeneous. Signal intensities of hepatocellular carcinomas were more variable. However, hemangionmas were isointense or hyperintense on proton weighted images, and markedly hyperintense on T2-weighted images . In conclusion, inhomogenous, irregular border, and variable signal intensity lesions had high likelihood of malignancy, while homogenous and markedly hyperintense lesions were more likely benign.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Diagnosis* ; Hemangioma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Protons ; Retrospective Studies

Differentiation between benign and malignant hepatic lesions was attempted according to the shape of the lesion, internal architecture and characteristics of signal intensity on MR images. MR images. We retrospectively analyzed 20 cases of hemangiomas, 12 cases of hepatomas and 5 cases of cysts which were diagnosed by clinical, radiological and surgical methods (33 patients). On T1-weighted, proton weighted, and T2-weighted images, most hemangiomas (70%) and cysts (100%) had smooth margin and were round or oval in shape, while hepatocellular carcinomas had irregular (67%) or lobulated (33%) borders. Ninety percent of hemangiomas and 100% of cysts had homogeneous signal intensity, but 67% of hepatocellular carcinomas were inhomogeneous. Signal intensities of hepatocellular carcinomas were more variable. However, hemangionmas were isointense or hyperintense on proton weighted images, and markedly hyperintense on T2-weighted images . In conclusion, inhomogenous, irregular border, and variable signal intensity lesions had high likelihood of malignancy, while homogenous and markedly hyperintense lesions were more likely benign.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Diagnosis* ; Hemangioma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Protons ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Choanal Atresia*