The objectives of this study were to examine the changes of birth weight and relationship of birth weight with maternal age and parity. The study population included 13,634 single live births out of 14,346 births delivered at a general hospital in Busan between January 1, 1977 and December 31, 1986. Data were obtained from the delivery record. In 1979 the mean birth weight of male was 3,074 gm and that of female to 2,985 gm. In 1986 birth weight of male was increased to 3,266 gm and that of female to 3,210 gm. Low birth weight (< or = 2,500 gm) incidence rate was 7.2% in 1977 and it was increased gradually to 10.4% in 1980 but decreased thereafter to 6.5% in 1986. Incidence rate of overweight infant (4,001 gm < or =) was 3.9% for 10 years and it ranged from 2.9% to 4.6% but no particular changing pattern was observed. The percentage of mothers who had history of induced abortion was decreased from 51.6% in 1979 to 45.1% in 1986. Also, stillbirth rate was decreased from 2.6% in 1977 to 1.5% in 1986. The proportion of the first and second births was increased from 85.4% in 1977 to 96.0% in 1986 and the proportion of mothers of 25-34 years increased from 72.1% in 1977 to 84.7% in 1986. The incidence rates of low birth weight and over weight infant are lower in the first and second births of 25-34 years old mothers than other parities and age groups. In creased mean birth weight and decreased low birth weight incidence rate indicate that the health status of newborn infants has been improved and substantial portion of these changes can be attributed to increase in family planning practice rate and delayed marriage. There is no evidence, however, for increasing incidence rate of overweight infant.
Abortion, Induced ; Birth Weight* ; Busan ; Family Planning Services ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Live Birth ; Male ; Marriage ; Maternal Age* ; Mothers ; Overweight ; Parity* ; Parturition* ; Stillbirth

A 69-year-old man presented with annular lichen planus involving both forearms, hand dorsa, wrists, inner sides of the thighs, knees and ankles. He was treated initially with systemic corticosteroids and etretinate, but rernission and recurr ence of the skin lesions were observed. During the follow-up, we found erythrasma on all his toewebs and both soles. After administration of erythromycin for the treatment of erythrasma, lesions of the lichen planus rapidly improved. Five months later, some lesions of lihen planus and erythrasma had recurred. After administration of erythromycin, the lesions of lichen planus improved again. No recurrence was observed for the following 8 months. We suspect that eradication of the chronic focus of infection and the anti-inflammatory effect, of erythromycin may lead to supression of abnormal immunological reactions and resolution of lichen planus.
Acitretin ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Aged ; Ankle ; Erythrasma ; Erythromycin* ; Etretinate ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Knee ; Lichen Planus* ; Lichens* ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Thigh ; Wrist

This investigation evaluated the fracture toughness (KIC) of eight currently available core materials, and relate the fracture toughness value to fractography analysis and surface characteristics using a atomic force microscope (AFM). Single-edge notched (SEN) test specimens (n=10) and compact tension (CT) test specimens (n=10) were prepared conforming to the ASTM Standard E-399 for a high copper amalgam, three composite core materials (Core-Max II, Core Paste, Bisfil Core), two reinforced composite core materials (Ti-Core, Ti-Core Natural), a resin-modified glass ionomer core material (Vitremer), and a conventional glass ionomer core material (Ketac-Molar). The specimens were tested with an Instron Universal Testing Machine. The maximum loads were measured to calculate the fracture toughness (KIC). Thereafter, fracture surfaces of SEN specimens of each material were investigated for fractography analysis using scanning electron microscope. And, disc-shaped specimens with 1mm thickness were fabricated for each material and were investigated under AFM for surface morphology analysis. The results were as follows : 1. Bisfil Core showed the highest mean fracture toughness regardless of test methods. 2. For the tooth-colored materials, Ti-Core Natural exhibited the highest fracture toughness. 3. Ketac Molar showed a significantly low fracture toughness when compared with the amalgam and the composite resin core materials (p<0.05). 4. The fracture toughness values obtained with the single-edge notched test, except Ketac Molar, were higher than those obtained in the compact tension test. 5. SEM revealed that the fracture surface of high fracture toughness material was rougher than that of low fracture toughness material. 6. AFM revealed that the surface particles of the composite resins were smaller in size, with a lower surface roughness than the glass ionomer core materials.
Composite Resins ; Copper ; Glass ; Molar

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of Vibramycin (Doxycycline) to acne vulgaris, a double-blind study was performed in forty three patients of ance vulgaris. The patients were classified as to the severity of the disease before the treatment according to Wand, et al. and the degree of the effectiveness was evaluated weekly by Clinical improvement. The results obtained were as follows: Among 14 patients who received a 100mg capsule orally per day for four weeks, 12 cases (85.7%) showed excellent improvement, whereas in the placebo group only 4 out of 12 patients (33.3%) showed good responses. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in effectiveness between the Vibramycin group (100mg) and the placebo group, and that at the end of the first week of the treatment there was no significant improvement, but at the end of the third week there was a highly significant improvement, p_value between the first-week response and the third-week response among the patients in administering 100mg of Vibramycin being less than 0.01. It was noted that 24 out of 43 patients(55.8%) had a distint familial history of the disease, suggesting that there might be a predisposing factor involved in the manifestation of acne vulgris. It is concluded from this study that Vibramycin, when administered in dose of 100mg per day for more than three weeks, is effective in improving the acne vulgaris.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Causality ; Double-Blind Method ; Doxycycline* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Cellulitis* ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact*

BACKGROUND: Despite extensive investigation, the clinical features and prognostic significance of the non-Q wave myocardial infarction, when compared with Q wave myocardial infarction, remain controversial. And no definite relationship between EKG findings and infarct related arteries has been reported. METHOD: A retrospective analysis was done on 205 patient with acute myocardial infarction who were undergone coronary angiography and left ventriculography. Among them, 30 patient with non-Q wave myocardial infarction and 175 patients with Q wave myocardial infarction. RESULTS: 1) There was no significant difference between the two groups in risk factors, prevalence of preinfarct angina and preinfarct heart failure. 2) The faction of patients with non-Q wave myocardial infarction who received thromobolytic therapy was significantly less, compared to patient with Q wave myocardial infarction(p<0.0001). 3) The patients with non-Q wave myocardial infarction had a smaller infarct size estimated by peak creatine phosphokinase(p<0.01). But there was no difference in Killip's classification and left ventricular ejection fraction. 4) In patients with non-Q wave myocardial infarction, 87% of the patients had one or more abnormal EKG finding other than Q wave, and the most frequent abnormal finding was primary T wave change. 5) The location of infarct-related artery was significantly different between group(p<0.0001). The most frequently involved coronary artery in non-Q wave myocardial infarction was left circumflex coronary artery, especially in patients with normal EKG findings. 6) There was no significant difference between the two groups in the prognosis. CONCLUSION: There were significant differences between non-Q wave and Q wave myocardial infarction in the infarct size and the location of infarct related arteries. but not in the risk factors, the prevalence of previous coronary artery disease and prognsis. Further prospective and collaborative studies should be performed to define conclusion.
Arteries* ; Classification ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Creatine ; Electrocardiography* ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stroke Volume

No abstract available.
Cell Count* ; HIV* ; Humans ; Panax*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Korea* ; Prognosis*

Aneurysm of the vein of Galen is a rare midline arteriovenous malformation, usually presenting with cardiac failure in infancy or with hydrocephalus and raised intracranial pressure in older children. We experienced a case of the vein of Galen aneurysm diagnosed with computed tomographic (CT) features and magnetic resonance image (MRI), a new imaging modality. Our case was a 3 day-old male neonate and had a nonspesific symptom of high fever without cardiac failure. A brief review of related literature was made.
Aneurysm* ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebral Veins* ; Child ; Fever ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant, Newborn ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Veins*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Ultrasonography*