PURPOSE: Although adrenergic alpha-blockers were initially used for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), their failure rate was about 30% or less. We evaluated the clinical characteristics and the risk factors contributing to the failure of this treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 234 patients with BPH who were initially treated with adrenergic alpha-blockers, 84 (36%) were classified as non-responsive (Group II) following 3 months medical treatment. There were 150 patients with a good medical response (Group I). Prior to, and 3 months following medication, IPSS (International prostate symptom score) questionnaires, uroflowmetry, TRUS (Transurethral ultrasonography), height, weight, past medical history and life style factors, including smoking status, alcohol consumption, exercise and coffee consumption were checked. The TURP findings were taken from both the non-response and initial TURP groups (Group III). RESULTS: There were no differences in risk and life style factors between the 3 groups. When comparing groups II and III, the bladder neck elevation (p=0.003), median lobe enlargement (p=0.016), prostate stone (p=0.004) and micro-abscess (p=0.003) were all significantly different. Statistical differences were obtained between groups I and II for the bladder neck elevation (p=0.002), and the median lobe enlargement (p=0.001) from cystourethroscopy. Prostate stones (p=0.006) were compared between the TRUS (group I) and TURP (group II) groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings clearly demonstrate that the BPH patients, classified as non responsive following 3 months of medical treatment, need cystoscopy or TRUS to find a more appropriate treatment.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; Alcohol Drinking ; Coffee ; Cystoscopy ; Humans ; Life Style ; Neck ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Bladder

Microsurgical compoeite tissue transplantation to date has contributed to reconstructive surgery by expediting transfer of large blocks of tissue. We have performed the first successful transplantation of microneurovascular tendocutaneous free flap from the dorsum foot to the defect of dorsum hand including extensor tendons. We considered the free flap with extensor tendons from the dorsum foot was the best donor site for functional recovery of the defect of dorsum hand. Two cases of tendocutaneous free flap transplantation were performed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Hanyang University Hospital, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Foot ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Hand ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Tendons ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Transplantation ; Transplants

The present study was carried out to investigate the structure and the glycoconjugate properties of the apoptotic cells in the rat accessory sex glands (prostate gland, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland) after castration. After identifying the apoptotic cells by TUNEL method, the structure and the glycoconjugate property of these cells was observed with the light and electron microscopes, using nine kinds of lectins (PSA, UEA I, GSL I B4, ECL, DBA, SBA, DSL, GSL II or WGA). And also, the glycoconjugate properties of the apoptotic cells originated from the prostate epithelial cell culture were investigated. The apoptotic cells have condensed and fragmented nucleus, and also have degenerated and condensed cytoplasm. The numerous apoptotic cells were observed in the accessory sex gland at 2nd day after castration, and in the cultured prostate epithelial cell which were grown in the medium lacking growth factors for 12 hours. The cytoplasm and nucleus of the apoptotic cells induced by castration showed positive reaction with PSA, UEA I, SBA, DSL and WGA, which indicate apoptotic cells have the glycoconjugates contain alpha-D-mannose, alpha-L-fucose, terminal beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and internal beta-1, 4-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine oligomer. But normal epithelial cells of the accessory sex glands showed different glycoconjugate property from the apoptotic cells. These facts suggest that the glycoconjugate property was changed by apoptosis. The apoptotic cells induced by culture showed positive reactions with the nine different lectins.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Castration* ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelial Cells ; Glycoconjugates* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lectins ; Prostate ; Rats* ; Seminal Vesicles

This study is performed to know the incidence and risk factors of strabis-rnus in premature baby. We reviewed charts of 131 patients retrospectively, who were born in Seoul National University Children`s Hospital andadmitted in it`s neonatal intensive care unit from Jan. 1991 to Dec. 1993 and followed up equal to or more than 6 months. All of the babies was born in the sam.e hospital with gestational period less than 33 weeks or birth weight less than 1500g. The incidence of strabismus was 2.3% at 6 months, 8.8% at 12 months and 16.0% at 24 months. The incidence of strabismus was not associated with retinopathy of prematurity, threshold disease of retinopathy of prematurity, and intraventricular hemorrhage, respectively.
Birth Weight ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Seoul ; Strabismus*

To study the clinical features of strabismus in premature baby, we reviewed the hopital records of out-patients who visited Seoul National University Children's Hospital from March 1995 to December 1995 with strabismus and prematurity. We analysed the type and onset of strabismus, history of acute retinopathy of prematurity, surgical treatment for retinopathy of prematurity, retinal sequelae of retinopathy of prematurity and abnormality of central nervous system. Sixty-five patients were included in this study. Thirty-eight were male and 27 were female. Age of first visit was 18.0+/-33.7 months(mean+SD). Gestational period was 32.3+/-2.9 weeks. Birth weight was 1742.0+/-486.5g. Follow-up period was 53.1+/-37.3 months. Onset of strabismus was 15.6+/-20.5 months ater birth. Forty-two(64.6%) were esodeviation and 20(30.8%) were exodeviation. One was superior oblique palsy. And two were inferior oblique overaction. There was no statistically significant relationship between the type of strabismus and the history of ROP, surgical treatment for ROP, retinal sequelae of ROP, abnormality of central nervous system respectively(Chi-square test, P>0.05). This study analyses the clinical features of strabismus in premature baby and can afford some information for strabismus in premature baby.
Birth Weight ; Central Nervous System ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Outpatients ; Paralysis ; Parturition ; Retinaldehyde ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Seoul ; Strabismus*

We studied the force for moving an extraocular muscle after adustable suture strabismus surgery with and without the perioperative use of 2% methylhydroxypropylcellulose or sodium hyaluronic acid. The average force for moving an extraocular muscle at postoperative 24 hours are 14.9+/-3.6g in methylcellulose group, 12.4+/-4.2g in hyaluronic acid group and 22.5+/-9.1g in control group. The force for moving an extraocular muscle in methylcellulose group and hyaluronic acid group is significantly lower than that of control group, respectively. On light microscopic examination, no muscle necrosis and foreign body reaction are observed in methylcellulose and hyaluronic acid group, respectively. Methylcellulose and hyaluronic acid can be used as a useful adunct during adustable strabismus surgery.
Foreign-Body Reaction ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Methylcellulose ; Necrosis ; Rabbits* ; Sodium ; Strabismus* ; Sutures

In order to review the epidemiological data of cardiovascular diseases, statistical observation was made on the 7,271 patients with cardiovascular diseases who were treated in the Department of Internal Medicine, Han-Yang University Hospital during the 10 year period from May 1972 to December 1981. A. General Findings (1) Cardiovascular disease was seen in 18.6% out of a total 39,004 medical inpatients treated during this 10 year time span. (2) Incidences of cardiovascular disease seemed to increase in frequency in consecutive years, especially incidence of coronary heart disease and arrhythmia. (3) Incidence of cardiovascular disease occurred most frequently to patients in their fifth decade, and next most frequently to those in their sixth and fourth decade, in that order. (4) The overall ratio of male to female incidence of cardiovascular disease was 1:1. B. Specific Epidemiology (1) Hypertension was the most common form of cardiovascular problem, accounting for 52.9% of patients with cardiovascular disease and 9.9% of the total medical in-patients population. Incidence of hypertension occured most frequently in the fifth decade of life. It occured next most in the sixth and fourth decades, in that order. The male to female ratio of incidence of hypertension was 1:1. Patients with malignant hypertension made up 5.9% all hypertension patients. (2) Patients with rheumatic heart disease made up 6% of those patients with cardiovascular diseases. Male to female ratio of incidence of rheumatic heart disease was 1:2.4. The most common form of this disease was mitral valvular disease, but isolated aortic valvular disease proved to be rather uncommon in this study in Korea. (3) Coronary heart disease made up 15.5 % of all incidence of cardiovascular diseases. It occured most frequently to patients in their fifth and sixth decades, and in a male to female ratio of 1.5 to 1. (4) Congenital heart disease made of 0.9% of the total incidence of cardiovascular diseases with ventricular septal defect as the most common form of this disease. (5) The remaining forms of cardiovascular diseases diagnosed during the time span of this study were arrhythmia 16.8%, cor pulmonale 1.4%, cardiomyopathy 1.3%, peripheral vascular disease 1.0%, pericarditis 1.0%, thyrotoxic heart disease 0.8%, endocarditis 0.5%, postpartum cardiomyopathy 0.3%, myxedematous heart disease 0.1%, and miscellaneous heart ailments 1.5%.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cardiomyopathies ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Coronary Disease ; Endocarditis ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Malignant ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Internal Medicine ; Korea* ; Male ; Pericarditis ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; Postpartum Period ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; Rheumatic Heart Disease

No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathies* ; Peripartum Period*

In recent years the immunocompromised population has increased rapidly to include people with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), drug abusers, and transplant patients. Accordingly, the incidence of intracranial fungal infection has increased. Our institution experienced 2 cases of internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion due to invasion of the cavernous sinus by an intracranial fungal infection. The first case was a 60-year-old man who presented with headache, eye pain, conjunctival injection, right-sided diplopia, and blurred vision. Infected tissues within the frontal and ethmoid sinuses were removed via bifrontal craniotomy and endoscopic sinus surgery through the Caldwell Luc approach. The second case was a 63-year-old woman who developed right-sided facial pain after a tooth extraction. The infection was not controlled despite continuous use of antifungal agents, resulting in death from sepsis. We believe that when intracranial fungal infection is suspected in a patient with orbital symptoms and a focal neurologic deficit, immediate angiographic investigation of possible ICA occlusion is warranted. Aggressive treatment with antifungal agents is the only way to improve prognosis.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Antifungal Agents ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cavernous Sinus ; Craniotomy ; Diplopia ; Drug Users ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Eye Pain ; Facial Pain ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Orbit ; Prognosis ; Sepsis ; Tooth Extraction ; Transplants ; Vision, Ocular

No abstract available.