No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Depression* ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Humans

PURPOSE: The distal clavicle has a biomechanical structure different from that of the proximal or middle 1/3 clavicle, and delayed union or nonunion occurs frequently in a distal clavicle fracture. The authors obtained favorable results from an open reduction and bone grafting of the distal clavicle nonunion. We report the results together with review of the relevant literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were 8 patients (average age, 38.9) who had undergone surgery for distal clavicle nonunion from August 2003 to May 2006. Nonunion occurred after surgical treatment in 4 cases, and after conservative treatment in the other 4. In all cases, the patients complained of pain. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration was 14 months, and radiological union was observed in 8 weeks on average. In all cases, the range of shoulder joint motion was normal at the end of the follow-up observation. In the functional evaluation, 7 cases showed excellent results and 1 case showed good results. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment is a safe and reliable treatment for distal clavicle fracture nonunion because it can achieve early rehabilitation and union.
Bone Transplantation ; Clavicle* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Rehabilitation ; Shoulder Joint

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Granulocytes* ; Humans* ; Lung* ; Neutropenia*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently, the incidence of acute hepatitis A has increased nationwide and is related to the low rate of IgG anti-HAV. This study compared the prevalence of IgG anti-HAV in two university hospitals located in a large city and in a small city including a rural region according to age, gender, and the year of diagnosis. METHODS: IgG anti-HAV was measured in a total of 4299 patients, who visited Seoul or Guri Hanyang University Hospital between January 2002 and December 2006. RESULTS: The positive rates of the antibody in Seoul and Guri hospitals were 52.7% vs 57.1% in under the age of 1, 40.7% vs 42.2% in age of 1 to 4, 31.8% vs 30.3% in age of 5 to 9, 24.8% vs 27.1% in age of 10 to 14, 11.6% vs 18.2% in age of 15 to 19, 23.0% vs 20.3% in age of 20 to 24, 40.5% vs 42.9% in age of 25 to 29, 67.5% vs 75.0% in age of 30 to 34, 86.5% vs 88.1% in age of 35 to 39, 95.3% vs 93.6% in age of 40 to 44, 97.0% vs 98.7% in age of 45 to 49, and 98.5% vs 98.6% in patients who were more than 50, respectively. The positive rates of the antibody were not significantly different between two sites according to each age group and gender. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirmed the low rates of IgG anti-HAV, particularly in the ages of 10-24 that match the age group of recently increased incidence of acute hepatitis A nationwide. Therefore, measurement of the antibody and vaccination should be considered in this age group.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatitis A/*epidemiology ; Hepatitis A Antibodies/*blood ; Hepatitis A Virus, Human/immunology ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/*blood ; Infant ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rural Population ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Urban Population

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the bone thickness of the infrazygomatic crest area by computed tomography (CT) for placement of a miniplate as skeletal anchorage for maxillary protraction in skeletal Class III children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT images of skeletal Class III children (7 boys, 9 girls, mean age: 11.4 years) were taken parallel to the Frankfurt horizontal plane. The bone thickness of the infrazygomatic crest area was measured at 35 locations on the right and left sides, perpendicular to the bone surface. RESULTS: The bone was thickest (5.0 mm) in the upper zygomatic bone and thinnest (1.1 mm) in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus. Generally, there was a tendency for the bone to be thicker at the superior and lateral area of the zygomatic process of the maxilla. There was no clinically significant difference in bone thickness between the right and left sides; however, it was thicker in male than in female subjects. CONCLUSION: In the infrazygomatic crest area, the superior and lateral area of the zygomatic process of the maxilla had the most appropriate thickness for placement of a miniplate in growing skeletal Class III children with a retruded maxilla.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures ; Zygoma

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a member of the human herpesvirus group, causes severe disease in immunocompromised patients. In particular, CMV pneumonia can be a life-threatening disease to patients taking immunosuppressive drugs. The radiographic manifestations of CMV are variable and may consist of reticular or reticulonodular patterns, ground-glass opacities, air-space consolidations, or mixed patterns. A cavitary lesion in pneumonia associated with CMV infection is extremely rare. Herein we report on a case of CMV pneumonia which presented with a cavitary lesion and was treated successfully in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient who was taking immunosuppressive drugs.
Cytomegalovirus* ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Lung* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Pneumonia*

Various bacteria were isolated from the casing layer soil of the culture bed of P. ostreatus and their role in fruiting body induction of the edible mushroom, P. ostreatus, was investigated. Analysis of the bacterial community isolated from the casing layer soil revealed that the composition of genera and number of cultivable bacteria were different for each sterilizing treatment. Bordetella was predominant in the bulk soil whereas Flavobacterium was predominant after sterilization of the casing layer soil. Fluorescent Pseudomonas was predominant in the non-sterilized casing layer soil. Total number of the bacterial genera in the casing layer soil was higher than that in the bulk soil. In particular, an increase in the fluorescent Pseudomonas population was observed in the non-sterilized casing layer accompanied by induction of fruiting body and enhanced mushroom production yield. The results suggested that specific bacterial populations in the casing layer play an important role in the formation of primodia and the development of basidiome in P. ostreatus.
Agaricales ; Bacteria ; Bordetella ; Flavobacterium ; Fruit ; Pleurotus ; Pseudomonas ; Soil ; Sterilization

Since introduce of antithyroid drugs (ATDs) in 1941, they have been widely used for treatment of Graves' disease and other hyperthyroid disorders. However, agranulocytosis, the most serious adverse effect of ATD treatment, has been occasionally reported. Agranulocytosis should be diagnosed and be treated promptly due to possible fatality.We have experienced a 17 year-old girl with PTU (propylthiouracil)-induced agranulocytosis. Initial graulocyte count was 400/mm2, and presenting symtoms were fever and sore throat. She has recovered from agranulocytosis without complications after use of G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor). We reviewed and analyzed additional 7 cases of ATD-induced agranulocytosis in Yonsei University Hospital (From 1988 to 1998). We found that ATD-induced agranulocytosis, of which incidence is known to be ranged from 0.1 to 1 per cent, does not seem to have a distinct correlation with sex, age, dosage, and the kind of ATD. Event of agranulocytosis has a tendency to occur within 3 months, and in a few case it has been occasionally detected in asymptomatic patients, routine monitoring of the white blood cell count within 3 months after the start of ATD medication can be helpful in predicting and in detecting agranulocytosis. The treatment of ATD-induced agranulocytosis has been mainly composed of conservative care, but according to introduction and popular application of G-CSF, the use of G-CSF seems to be a promise of a reduction in morbidity and mortality.
Adolescent ; Agranulocytosis* ; Antithyroid Agents ; Female ; Fever ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Graves Disease* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukocyte Count ; Mortality ; Pharyngitis

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) with sarcomatoid features is an extremely rare primary liver cancer, of which only four cases have been reported. We report a case of sarcomatoid combined HCC-CC in a 60-year-old woman who complained of right upper quadrant pain and presented with a 7 cm mass in the S4 region of the liver in abdominal CT. Ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy diagnosed it as HCC, and left lobectomy of the liver followed. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of two portions: HCC portion showing trabecular pattern, which had partially sarcomatous area with spindle-shaped tumor cells, and CC portion with glandular pattern. Immunohistochemically, HCC portion reacted positively with alpha-fetoprotein while CC portion demonstrated positive reactivity with carcinoembryonic antigen and mucicarmine. Sarcomatoid cells reacted positively for cytokeratin. She died of tumor recurrence and hepatic failure 12 months after the operation. Combined HCC-CC has poor prognosis, and sarcomatoid HCC has high metastatic potential and poor prognosis compared with ordinary HCC.
Bile Duct Neoplasms/*pathology ; *Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*pathology ; Cholangiocarcinoma/*pathology ; English Abstract ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/*pathology ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma/*pathology