No abstract available.
Genu Varum*

Vascular grafts are often required in clinical stiuations to bridge arterial or venous grafts. Numerous studies exist in the literature concerning the results of such arterial and venous graft of relatively large vessels. There are only a few reports dealing with experimental microvascular grafts. Histopathological features of the grafted vessels were studied after autogenous venous grafts,autogenous arterial grafts and venous allografts using microsurgical techniques. The results were summerized as follow. 1. The patency rate of grafted vessels by microsurgical techniques was 86.8%. 2. In autogenous venous grafts histopathological changes occur later, and to a less pronounced degree, than that in autogenous arterial grafts. 3. Venous allografts showed severe acute inflammatory reaction throughout the layer at 3~7 days postoperatively, but histopathological features of grafted vessels of autografts and venous allografts' did not differ each other in later results. 4. Autogenous venous grafts, autogenous arterial gtafts and venous allografts persist as living sucture but undergo certain histological changes consisting of fibrous reinforcement. 5. It may be said that histological examination of the specimen led general conclusion that the most useful microvascular graft to reestablish circulation of damaged vessels is the autogenous venous graft, but autogenous arterial graft and venous allograft are also applicable when autogenous venous tissue is not available.
Allografts ; Autografts ; Transplants

Long term follow-up study was done on 38 cases of anterior fusion for spinal tuberculosis especially about effect of buttress graft. The average follow-up period was 16 months. 14 cases of effective buttress group were appeared' to achieve more rapid bony union and prevent further kyphosis or lateral wedging of the involved vertebral body than inadequate buttress group of 7 cases.
Follow-Up Studies ; Kyphosis ; Spine ; Transplants ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal

No abstract available.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic*

The authors made an attempt to classify the supracondylar extension-valgus fracture according to the direction and location of the fracture line based on the radiographic manifestation. This new classification helps to dictate the model of treatment, possible sequence of reduction and the causes of deformity of the elbow after treatment. During the last 12 years of this study, 200 supracondylar fractures of the humerus were treated in the Kyung Hee University Hospital. Of the cases 82 were extension-valgus fractures. The results were as follows: 1. The supracondylar extension-valgus fracture were classified into 5 types: Type I: fish-tail fracture (14 cases) Type II : obtuse fish-tail fracture (27 cases) Type III: oblique fracture (16 cases) Type IV: oblique fracture with comminution of lateral column (14 cases) Type V: Transverse fracture (11 cases) 2. The displacement of the distal fragment in the fish-tail fracture is severe but it can be reduced easily by manipulation. Once reduction has been obtained, the fracture is stable and maintained by a long arm cast with acute flexion of the elbow alone. There is no need of percutaneous pinning. Among 14 cases of type I fracture there was no cubitus varus deformity. 3. The line of the obtuse fish-tail fracture lies distal to fish-tail fracture. This is unstable so it is necessary to percutaneous pinning. 4. The oblique fracture is produced by the hyperextension of the elbow and degrees of the obliquity of the fracture line were 12 to 20 degrees (Av. 14 degrees). The valgus angles in opposit elbows were 9 to 25 degrees (Av. 16 degrees). The forearm must be pulled into valgus position during the reduction of the fracture. 5. Type IV fracture occures under 4 years old, and more commonly in girls. This is unstable, so it is necessary to percutaneous pinning.
Arm ; Child ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Female ; Forearm ; Humans ; Humerus

The tibial pilon fracture has been described as difficult fracture to manage. We have reviewed 23 cases of tibial pilon fractures from Mar. 1987 to Feb. 1993 at our hospital. 1. The fractures were classified into five types according to the system of Ovadia and Beals and the methods of treatment were divided into two groups; 9 cases were treated with Ilizarov device(Group I). 6 cases out of Group I were type 3, 4 and 5. Other methods were performed in 14 cases(Group II). 8 cases out of Group II were type 3, 4, and 5. 2. In type 3, 4 and 5 fractures, there were 86 per cent good and fair radiographic results in Group I and 63 per cent good and fair results in Group II. 3. Satisfactory results were obtained by the treatment of Ilizarov method especially in type 3, 4 and 5 fractures. The advantages of Ilizarov device were its primary reduction with ligamentotaxis, easy open reduction due to proximal and distal stabilization, minimal soft tissue injury and minimal internal fixation.
Ilizarov Technique ; Methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries

Fractures of the femoral neck in children are rare and usually severe violence to occur, which accounts for the high frequency of associated injuries. Since the femoral neck in children has many anatomic and physiologic differences, not only are there many difficulties during the treatment period, but complications such as post-traumatic coxa vara, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and premature epiphyseal closure may occur, sixty-two cases in sixty patients of fractures of the femoral neck in children which were treated at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine from Jan. 1971 to Dec. 1987 and at Young-Dong severance Hospital, Yonsei University college of Medicine from May. 1983 to Dec. 1987 were analyzed both clinically and radiologically. The following results were obtained: l. Of the 62 cases, the ratio of boys to girls was approximately 2:1 and the highest incidence was between 4 to 6 years old. 2. The main cause of fracture was traffic accidents, which occurred in 33 cases(53.2%). 3. According to the classification of Delbet and Colonna, the cervicotrochanteric fracture was the most common type(41.9% of the cases) and 29 cases(46.8%) were displaced fractures. 4. Thirty two cases(51.6%) were treated by conservative treatment and twenty eight cases (45.2%) by closed reduction and internal fixation. 5. Common associated injuries were genito-urinary tract injury, soft tissue injury, long bone fracture and pevic bone fractures. 6. All cases were followed for from 14 months to 15 years, average 8 years. 7. The results were analyzed according to Ratliff's assessment and 41 cases(66.1%) showed good results. 8. The total number of cases with complications was 33(53.2%). The most common complication being coxa vara and premature epiphyseal closure(32.2%). 9. Secondary treatment was done in 7 cases and correction osteotomy was done in 4 cases which had showed a good results. The authors found that for the treatment of type IV fractures, closed reduction followed by plaster of Paris immobilization was adeguate but for type I, II, III after early closed reduction, internal fixation was performed as soon as possible using threaded pins as the internal fixation device. The results were poor in type I and type II, fractures with severe displacement, and in cases in which the treatment was delayed due to associated injury.
Accidents, Traffic ; Calcium Sulfate ; Child ; Classification ; Coxa Vara ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Fractures, Bone ; Fractures, Closed ; Head ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Internal Fixators ; Necrosis ; Osteotomy ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Violence

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Head* ; Humans ; Necrosis*

No abstract available.
Headache*

No abstract available.
Headache*