Eccrine poroma is a common benign tumor originating from the epidermal sweat duct units. It occurs primarily on feet and hands. However there have been some sporadic cases occurring in other areas, including the scalp. Eccrine poroma occurs mostly in people over 40 years of age, although it can occur at any ages. In general, eccrine poroma lacks melanin pigment clinically and melanocytes on microscopic examination, but either black or yellow skin, melanin granules and melanocytes can be found dispersed within the tumor. We report a case of pigmented eccrine poroma occuring on the scalp of 14-year-old girl. In our case, the patient was much younger than those of the usual onset age and the lesion was located on an unusual occuring site. In addition, the lesion contained melanocytes and melanins.
Adolescent ; Age of Onset ; Child* ; Female ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Poroma* ; Scalp* ; Skin ; Sweat

Vitamin K1 is a naturally-occurring vitamin used to treat certain coagulation disorders, and cutaneous adverse reaction to vitamin K1 are infrequently reported. The cutaneous adverse reaction caused by vitamin K1 is called vitamin K1 dermatitis, and includes erythematous plaques, peudoscleroderma, contact dermatitis on epicutaneously exposed skin, and localized urticarial lesions. Vitamin K1 dermatitis can easily be overlooked because of it's low incidence and various morphology, therefore, awareness of past history is important. Most cases of vitamin K1 dermatitis previously reported have been associated with liver diseases, primarily alcoholic liver cirrhosis and viral hepatitis. However vitamin K1 dermatitis can be seen, not only in patients with liver function disturbances, but also in patients without liver disease. We report a case of vitamin K1 dermatitis in a woman who had no liver dysfunction (confirmed by skin test).
Dermatitis* ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ; Liver Diseases ; Skin ; Skin Tests ; Vitamin K 1* ; Vitamins*

Vitamin K1 is a naturally-occurring vitamin used to treat certain coagulation disorders, and cutaneous adverse reaction to vitamin K1 are infrequently reported. The cutaneous adverse reaction caused by vitamin K1 is called vitamin K1 dermatitis, and includes erythematous plaques, peudoscleroderma, contact dermatitis on epicutaneously exposed skin, and localized urticarial lesions. Vitamin K1 dermatitis can easily be overlooked because of it's low incidence and various morphology, therefore, awareness of past history is important. Most cases of vitamin K1 dermatitis previously reported have been associated with liver diseases, primarily alcoholic liver cirrhosis and viral hepatitis. However vitamin K1 dermatitis can be seen, not only in patients with liver function disturbances, but also in patients without liver disease. We report a case of vitamin K1 dermatitis in a woman who had no liver dysfunction (confirmed by skin test).
Dermatitis* ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ; Liver Diseases ; Skin ; Skin Tests ; Vitamin K 1* ; Vitamins*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Propofol is widely used for sedation during endoscopy. Because propofol may cause hepatic encephalopathy, hemodynamic compromise, and respiratory depression, cautious use is required in patients with liver cirrhosis. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of propofol in compensated cirrhosis during endoscopic examination. METHODS: Thirty-nine cirrhotic patients (19 and 20 cases of Child Pugh classes A and B, respectively) and 56 control subjects were included. The initial dose of propofol (40 mg) was increased by 20-mg increments until moderate sedation was achieved. The number connection test, flapping tremor test, blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, liver enzymes, and prothrombin time were evaluated before and after endoscopy. RESULTS: No significant change was observed in any parameter compared to baseline in either group. The mean dose of propofol was significantly lower in cirrhotic versus control subjects (49.7+/-15.8 versus 65.0+/-17.9 mg, respectively; p<0.001). Scores based on a visual analog scale evaluating patient satisfaction did not differ between groups (72+/-27 versus 64+/-26, respectively; p=0.196), nor did mean recovery time (16.4+/-9.8 versus 14.2+/-6.7 min, respectively; p=0.186). CONCLUSION: Propofol is safe and effective for moderate sedation in compensated liver cirrhosis.
Child ; Conscious Sedation ; Endoscopy ; Fibrosis ; Heart Rate ; Hematologic Tests ; Hemodynamics ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Oxygen ; Patient Satisfaction ; Propofol ; Prothrombin Time ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Tremor