PURPOSE: Combined chemoradiotherapy is standard management for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC), but standard treatment for elderly patients with LA-NSCLC has not been confirmed yet. We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for elderly patients with LA-NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among patients older than 65 years with LA-NSCLC, 36 patients, who underwent CCRT were retrospectively analyzed. Chemotherapy was administered 3-5 times with 4 weeks interval during radiotherapy. Thoracic radiotherapy was delivered to the primary mass and regional lymph nodes. Total dose of 54-59.4 Gy (median, 59.4 Gy) in daily 1.8 Gy fractions and 5 fractions per week. RESULTS: Regarding the response to treatment, complete response, partial response, and no response were shown in 16.7%, 66.7%, and 13.9%, respectively. The 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 58.2% and 31.2%, respectively, and the median survival was 15 months. The 1- and 2-year progression-free survivals (PFS) were 41.2% and 19.5%, respectively, and the median PFS was 10 months. Regarding to the toxicity developed after CCRT, pneumonitis and esophagitis with grade 3 or higher were observed in 13.9% (5 patients) and 11.1% (4 patients), respectively. Treatment-related death was not observed. CONCLUSION: The treatment-related toxicity as esophagitis and pneumonitis were noticeably lower when was compared with the previously reported results, and the survival rate was higher than radiotherapy alone. The results indicate that CCRT is an effective in terms of survival and treatment related toxicity for elderly patients over 65 years old with LA-NSCLC.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Esophagitis ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Pneumonia ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

We saw a case of minoxidil induced pericardial effusion in a 36 years old female who developed generalized edema, weakness and hypertrichosis after taking minoxidil for 1 year. Her chest PA showed globular shaped cardiac enlargement and pulmonary congestion. Echocardiography of the heart showed moderate amount of pericardial effusion. 10 days later after cessation of the drug administration and conservative managements, her chest PA showed marked improvement of heart size and pulmonary congestion. 20 days later her blood pressure became normal with the continued use of other antihypertensive drugs.
Adult ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Pressure ; Echocardiography ; Edema ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertrichosis ; Minoxidil* ; Pericardial Effusion* ; Thorax

We analyzed 91 cases with seizures after stroke(except subarachnoid hemorrhage) to see, recurrence rate, onset time, lesion sites and electroencephalographic findings. Overall incidence of seizure was 5.73%[7.57% of all cerebral infarction(CI; 938 cases) and 3.0% of an intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH; 649 cases)] in all admitted stroke patient(l450) from Jan. 1980 to Jun. 1989 and all stroke patients visited out-patient department(137 ; from Sep. 1989 to Oct. 1989) in the department of neurology, Seoul National University Hosptal. And then, we excluded 22 cases because of insufficient clinical information.1) We followed up 69 patients and in those cases, seizures occurred rnore frequently in CI(51) than in ICH(18). 2) Seizures of ear!y onset(<2week) occurred in 25(49.0%) of 51 cases with cerebral infarction and in 12(66.7%) of 18 cases with IVH. 3) Seizures occurred more frequently in cortical lesions(71.0%)[CI: 71.4% and ICH ; 28.6%] than in subcortical lesions(24.6%)[CI ; 76.5% and ICH ; 23.5%]. 4) Recurrence rate (69.5%) of the patients without antiepileptic medication was signigicantly higher than (16.7%) of patients with medication[Spearman's Rho=0.52, p<0.001]. 5) Of those patients without medication, the recurrence rate was highest in the patients showing epileptiform discharge(100%) in EEG. Followed by focal slowing(66.7%), diffuse slowing(62.5%) and normal EEG features(33.3%)[Spearman's Rho=0.41, P=0.01]. 6) The recurrence of seizures was more frequent in the patients with CI(54.9%) than in ICH(22.2%).
Cerebral Infarction ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neurology ; Outpatients ; Recurrence ; Seizures* ; Seoul ; Stroke

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer. About 74% cases of basal cell cancer occur on the head and neck. Basal cell carcinoma on the face may have a higher degree of subclinical spread than tumors arising elsewhere. And incompletely excised BCCs become more aggressive when they recur. So the surgical removal and reconstruction of BCC located on the face are important to make perfect curing and cosmetic results. METHODS: A retrospective study was done with 128 patients (137 cancers) who were treated with BCC on the face since 1987 to 2011. General data of these cases such as the primary site of cancer, age and sex of the patients, operative methods, and recurrence rate were reviewed. RESULTS: The ratio of men to women was 1:1.4. And 86.9% of the patients with BCC were older than the age of 50 years with the mean age of 65.8 years. The distribution of facial basal cell carcinoma was on the nose, eyelids, cheek, and nasolabial fold. Surgical methods for treatment were local flap, full thickness skin graft, primary closure, and split thickness skin graft. Specifically, local flap consists of V-Y advancement flap, cheek advancement flap, limberg flap, forehead flap, nasolabial flap, rotation flap, transposition flap, bilobed flap, and island flap. Six cases recurred and all of them were treated with reoperation. CONCLUSION: The authors reviewed facial basal cell carcinoma cases in our hospital. This study might be helpful to choose appropriate operation method to manage BCC on face in Korea.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Cheek ; Eyelids ; Female ; Forehead ; Head ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Nasolabial Fold ; Neck ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell ; Nose ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Transplants

PURPOSE: Anatomical change of the prostatic stroma, that is benign prostatic hyperplasia, results in a functional change which manifests as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We observed/investigated whether there are structural changes in the three-dimensional arrangement of muscle, collagen and elastin fibers of the prostatic urethra which can be another possible mechanism of LUTS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hyperplastic nodules, which were surgically en bloc resected, and normal prostate from radical cystectomy specimens were examined. Surgical specimens were fixed in formalin and sectioned serially in a transverse plane along the lumen of the upper segment of the prostatic urethra. Additional sagittal sections were also made serially. All tissue blocks were 2mm thick. All slides were prepared with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson-trichrome and Verhoeff's elastin stain. RESULTS: Muscle and collagen fibers surrounding prostatic acini seemed poorly oriented and blended with the outermost fibers of the urethra. Muscle and stromal fibers surrounding the prostatic urethra seemed to be stretched and oriented mainly in the longitudinal direction with small fibroblastic nodules in the periurethral stroma. A periurethral gland structure was observed between the urethral wall in which the fiber was arranged longitudinally. Circular muscle fibers were not observed in the periurethral area, indicating that the surgical capsule resulted from urethral muscle fibers. CONCLUSIONS: Apparent changes to the 3-dimensional arrangement of collagen, elastin and muscle fibers surrounding the acini and prostatic urethra were not observed in the proximal prostatic urethra or the bladder neck, except that the fibers surrounding the urethra were stretched.
Collagen* ; Cystectomy ; Elastin* ; Fibroblasts ; Formaldehyde ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Neck ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder

Ectopia cordis is defined as a congenital malposition of the heart partially or completely outside the thorax and often associated with sternal and congenital heart defects:surgical repair is generally unsuccessful because of the magnitude of the deformity and the associat-ed intracardiac anormalies. Four types of ectopia cordis are described : cervical, thoracic, abdominal and thoracoa- bdominal. Cervical and thoracic type are often fatal within days, because the heart is expo- sed and malformed. Abdominal type carries a better prognosis because cardiac abnormalities are less often found. The prognosis of thoraco-abdominal type mainly depends on the pre- sence of intracardiac abnormalities. We have experienced a case of thoracic ectopia cordis at 25 weeks' gestation by ultra- sonography, so present the case and the review with literature briefly.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Ectopia Cordis* ; Heart ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Thorax

Although involvement of the testis by generalized lymphoma is usual, especially in the terminal stage or the disease. testicular involvement as a initial manifestation of malignant lymphoma is uncommon. approximately 5% of testicular tumor. We report a case of malignant lymphoma with first manifestation in the testis, clinical stage II b, which was treated with radical orchiectomy, systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This case was followed up by C-T.
Drug Therapy ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; Orchiectomy ; Testis*

OBJECTIVE: The author evaluated the relationship between the loss of Fhit and prognostic factors of invasive cervical carcinomas. METHODS: The formalin prepared tissue specimens of 64 CINs and 27 invasive cervical carcinomas patients diagnosed and treated at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Yeungnam university hospital from June 1977 to February 2001 were obtained. And then the tissue specimens were analysed & measured by immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The loss of Fhit was significantly reduced in invasive cervical carcinomas compared to CINs. But we found there is no relationships between the loss of Fhit and prognostic factors, stage, tumor marker, lymphatic spread and radiation therapy of invasive cervical carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: Although the loss of Fhit was not related to the precancerous lesion of cervix, we could confirm that the loss of Fhit was important in the progression of precancerous lesions to invasive cervical carcinomas.
Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Formaldehyde ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Obstetrics

Non-gonococcal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include chlamydia, syphilis, and chancroids. Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse or vertical transmission at birth. Although symptoms are mostly absent or mild, untreated chlamydial infections in females can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility due to the narrowing of fallopian tubes. Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum and is divided into phase I, phase II, latent syphilis, and phase III. The incidence of syphilis, including congenital syphilis, has significantly increased in the United States in recent years. The chronic status of this disease can significantly increase morbidity and potentially affect almost all body organs, which, in rare cases, can lead to death. Additionally, untreated maternal syphilis can lead to fetal death and fatal congenital infections in newborns. Chancroid is an STI caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, and its prevalence is gradually decreasing in Korea and worldwide. The symptoms include shallow genital ulcers with suppurative granulomatous inflammation and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy. Chancroids can be differentiated from syphilitic chancres based on their appearance. In contrast to painless chancres, chancroids are painful. Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, and Mycoplasma hominis are considered symbiotic bacteria.Infections caused by these bacteria are usually not considered STIs and do not require treatment unless they are suspected of being associated with infertility. This article presents the 2023 Korean STI guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infections.

Non-gonococcal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include chlamydia, syphilis, and chancroids. Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse or vertical transmission at birth. Although symptoms are mostly absent or mild, untreated chlamydial infections in females can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility due to the narrowing of fallopian tubes. Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum and is divided into phase I, phase II, latent syphilis, and phase III. The incidence of syphilis, including congenital syphilis, has significantly increased in the United States in recent years. The chronic status of this disease can significantly increase morbidity and potentially affect almost all body organs, which, in rare cases, can lead to death. Additionally, untreated maternal syphilis can lead to fetal death and fatal congenital infections in newborns. Chancroid is an STI caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, and its prevalence is gradually decreasing in Korea and worldwide. The symptoms include shallow genital ulcers with suppurative granulomatous inflammation and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy. Chancroids can be differentiated from syphilitic chancres based on their appearance. In contrast to painless chancres, chancroids are painful. Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, and Mycoplasma hominis are considered symbiotic bacteria.Infections caused by these bacteria are usually not considered STIs and do not require treatment unless they are suspected of being associated with infertility. This article presents the 2023 Korean STI guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infections.