No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cardia* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.
Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Iron*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hypertension*

Despite significant advances in dialysis technology, kidney transplantation is accepted today as the optimal available treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children and adolescents. Children undergoing renal transplantation pose many challenges to the anesthesiologist because ESRD has such adversely affects on the entire vital organ system as hypotension, hypovolemia, acidosis, atelectasis and pulmonary edema. Most importantly, hypotension and hypovolemia as results of large kidney transplantation should be corrected for normal renal function. In addition, ESRD alters the effects of various drugs used in anesthetic practice. We experienced 4 cases of general anesthesia for renal transplantation in children. Careful preoperative evaluation and preparation of the patients, as well as a knowledge of altered dry responses are essential in planning and managing anesthesia.
Acidosis ; Adolescent ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Child* ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Hypovolemia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Pulmonary Edema

BACKGROUND: Thyroid nodules are among the most common endocrine diseases requiring surgical treatment. To determine the appropriate treatment methods for thyroid nodules, we conducted this study by analyzed the clinical characteristics of thyroid nodules, the surgical procedure, and postoperative complications. METHODS: We experienced 39 cases of thyroid nodules below 1 cm in size and treated them by surgical intervention at the Department of Surgery, Masan St. Mary's Hospital, from April 1994 to June 1996. We examined the age and the sex distributions, the clinical manifestations, the locations of the thyroid nodules, the pathologic findings, the ultrasonographic findings, the aspiration biopsy cytology findings, the surgical procedures, and the postoperative complications. RESULTS: 1) The mean age of the patients was 45 years, and the sex ratio of males to females was 1:18.5. 2) The nodules were located in the right lobe (24 cases), the left lobe (10 cases), both lobes (3 cases), isthmus (2 cases). 3) When 39 cases were examined by ultrasonography, the malignant nodules were found in 1 of 14 cases of anechoic nodules and 10 of 25 cases of isoechoic nodules. 4) Aspiration biopsy cytology was performed in 21 cases, and the false negativity was 25%, the false positivity was 25%, and the accuracy rate was 75%. 5) The histopathologic classification of the benign nodules were follicular adenomas, 13 cases; adenomatous goiters, 12 cases; Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 1 case; Hurthle cell adenoma, 1 case; and simple cyst, 1 case. The malignant diseases were papillary carcinoma, 10 cases; and follicular carcinoma, 1 case. 6) Most cases of benign nodules were treated with a lobectomy (72.4%). Malignant nodules were treated with an extended lobectomy and anterior compartment node dissection. 7) The major postoperative complication was transient hypocalcemia. CONCLUSIONS: When voice change or hoarseness is observed and a thyroid nodule is suspected on ultrasonography, aspiration biopsy cytology is considered to be required to exactly distinguish benign nodules from malignant nodules. Further, in case of malignant nodules, it can be concluded that a more active and careful operation may be required to minimize the complications, to decrease the recurrence rate, and to increase the survival rate.
Adenoma ; Biopsy, Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Classification ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Female ; Goiter ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Sex Distribution ; Sex Ratio ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule* ; Thyroiditis ; Ultrasonography ; Voice

Supernumerary nipples or polythelia are developmental abnormalities located along the embryonic mammary lines. It occurs sporadically but familial aggregation was been reported. Polythelia has been reported in association with congenital malformations, in particular with renal anomalies. We report a case of polythelia.
Humans ; Male* ; Nipples

Odontogenic keratocysts are benign intraosseous tumors of odontogenic origin that occur most commonly in the jaw. In particular, they have a predilection for the angle and ascending ramus of the mandible. In contrast, odontogenic keratocysts arising in the maxillary sinus are relatively rare. Two such cases are reported herein. In addition, the English literature that concerns odontogenic keratocysts of the maxillary sinus is reviewed.
Jaw ; Mandible ; Maxillary Sinus ; Odontogenic Cysts ; Tooth

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Practical concerns about transradial approach are increasing in consideration of high procedural success rate, low local complications, and patient's convenience. There was no available data about repeated-use of radial artery for coronary procedures. We evaluate the changes of radial arterial diameter and procedural outcomes of repeated transradial procedure. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Of consecutive 1771 transradial coronary procedures, 117 patients received repeated transradial procedures through the same radial artery. Radial arterial diameter, vascular access time and procedural outcomes were evaluated in between the group of first-use and repeated-use of radial artery. RESULTS: Among 117 patients of second transradial coronary procedure in the repeated-use group, 47 patients (41.6%) underwent coronary intervention and 66 patients (58.4%) underwent coronary angiography. The right radial approach was used in 82.9% of the cases. There was no significant difference in radial artery mean diameter between pre-procedure and 1 day after procedure in patients with first-use and repeated-use group. There was no significant change of radial arterial diameter after first-use depending on the SAR (the ratio of sheath outer diameter to radial artery inner diameter). However, after repeated-use of radial artery, there was significant reduction of radial arterial diameter 1 day after procedure in the patients with SAR more than 0.9 (p<0.05). In repeated-use group, the mean radial arterial diameter was 2.63 +/- 0.35mm mm before the procedure and 2.51 +/- 0.29mm during follow-up (136 +/- 123 days) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference of the vascular access time between the first-use and repeated-use procedures (2.9+/-3.1 vs 3.3+/-3.6 minutes, p<0.05). The procedural success and vascular complication rate of repeated-use of radial artery were as similar to those of the first-use, but total occlusion of radial artery was higher in the repeated-use group (2.6% vs 0.7%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The diameter of radial artery after transradial procedures was significantly reduced during follow-up and the incidence of asymptomatic radial artery occlusion was more frequent after repeated-use. However, repeated-use of radial artery was feasible in most patients with high procedural success rate and low vascular complications.
Coronary Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Radial Artery*