No abstract available.
Ophthalmology*

Here, we report 3 cases of mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland. The age of the patients were 43, 26 and 35 respectively. The two of these were male and one female. The most outstanding complaint was exopthalmos. A mass was palpated on the orbit and eye ball deviation in downward position was present in all cases. Pathologic findings were mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland with no evidence of malignancy. These tumors were well encapsulated and any evidence of involving bone and soft tissue was not found. Modified Kroenlein-Berke operation was performed and tumor mass was removed entirely with finger dissection in all cases. The vision was not improved but the cosmetic result was satisfactorr.
Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Male ; Orbit

The tension lowering effects of Diamox and other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are well known and they are widely used against a various forms of glaucomas. This paper deals with the clinical experiences in normal and glaucomatous human eyes with Diamox-Sequels, kindly supplied by Lederle Laboratories and Yuhan Corp. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Normal healthy persons, 15 females and 20 males, were studied on their 45 eyes. Glaucomatous disease had been ruled out by careful examinations of intraocular pressure, visual fields and fundus. They had been also checked for the diurnal variations of intraocular pressure during the daytime. One capsule (500mg) of Diamox Sequels was given to each individual and the changes in the intraocular pressure were studied at various time intervals up to 53 hours after the administration. Tonometry was carried out by the Goldmann's applanation tonometer. The effects of Diamox Sequels on the glaucomatous eyes were studied in the same way. The glaucomatous eyes included 10 eyes of 7 chronic simple glaucoma patients, 5 eyes of 3 chronic narrow-angle glaucoma patients and 5 eyes of 5 secondary glaucoma subjects. They received one capsule of Diamox Sequels and the intraocular pressure was measured one or two times daily. The results of long-term treatment were also studied by daily administration of one capsule of Diamox Sequels, follow-up periods being from 3 to 19 days. No medication, oral or local, of antiglaucomatous drugs were allowed for at least 3 days prior to this study. The differences due to age, sex and type of glaucoma were not considered here. At the same time, the effects of a single 500mg of ordinary Diamox tablet were studied in normal ~md glaucomatous eyes. RESULTS: (1) Normal eyes. The intraocular pressure began to fall 1 hour after the administration. The tension gradually fell and the maximal reduction of tension occurred after 9.8 hours and the extent of maximal fall was 4.5mm Hg on the average, 29.4 % of the original intraocular pressure. The tension gradually rose and returned to the original level between 23~50 hours (average 43 hours). Side effects were noted in 4 cases, e.g., 11.4 %. (2) Glaucomatous eyes. The effects were noted within the first 1~2 hours and became maximal after 13 hours, the extent of the maximal fall 40.1 % of the original pressure, e.g., 16.2 mmHg. The original tension was restored after 30 hours. By long-term administration of Diamox Sequels, 8 eyes(40 %) showed excellent results, their intraocular pressure maintained below 21 mmHg. Sede-effects were noted in 3 cases(20.0 %). COMMENTS: The effects of Diamox Sequels and Diamox tablet on normal and glaucomatous subjects were summarized in table 1. As shown, Diamox Sequels has the longer duration of hypotensive actions and the time of maximal fall of intraocular pressure delayed considerably, as compared with Diamox tablet. In almost all cases, its action continued for more than 24 hours. In glaucomatous eyes, the time of maximal reduction of ocular tension was slightly later and the maintenance of low tension was slightly shorter than those in normal eyes. The extent of the maximal fall, however, was almost the same after administration of Diamox Sequels and Diamox. Side effects were encountered in 11~20% of cases by Diamox Sequels, and in 40-60% of cases by Diamox. This is one of the most striking advantages of Diamox Sequels over Diamox. Thus it is concluded that Diamox Sequels has the longer hypotensive actions and fewer side effects.
Acetazolamide* ; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Manometry ; Strikes, Employee ; Visual Fields

There were many instances in which glaucoma, esp. primary, combined with hearing disturbance. The etiology of these cases has not been known until now. We had 15 primary glaucoma patients for whom pure tone audiometry wa~ performed, and could find the hearing defect in high tone in 5 cases (1/3 among those patients). The audiometric curve was similar to that in the presbycusis, but severer in degree than that occured within the normal physiological aging process. The average age was 62.4 year in the group with the hearing defect, and 45.6 year in the group without the hearing defect. There were no relationship between the hearing defect and intraocular tension, visual field change, glaucomatous cupping, and duration of glaucoma. These results may support the opinion of the authors that the hearing disturbance in glaucomatous patients is related to the arterioscIerotic changes which aggrevate the presbycusis, and not related to glaucoma itself. On the otherhand, however, it is stilI impossible for us to rule out that the pleiotropic and multifactorial genetic factors may play as a common important role in the hearing disturbances and glaucoma. And further studies would be necessary for these problems.
Aging ; Audiometry ; Glaucoma* ; Hearing* ; Humans ; Presbycusis ; Visual Fields

Optic neuritis is an acute inflammatory disease of the optic nerve. Visual loss in optic neuritis is typically sudden and accompanied visual field defects. We attempted to characterize the clinical manifestations of optic neuritis based on visual acuity and visual field changes. Eighteen patients were included in this study who completed at least 3 month follow-up. we observed these patients with no medication in ten, with oral prednisolone in seven and with intravenous methylprednisolone in one. Statistically significant visual recovery occurred at first and second month and twenty eyes of 27 eyes (74%) had improved o.5 or more. Most common type of visual field defect was central scotoma (74%) and 85% of eyes who showed abnormal visual fields at first visit recovered normal visual field during follow-up period.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methylprednisolone ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Neuritis* ; Prednisolone ; Scotoma ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields

A case of Mooren's ulcer in a 68 years old korean female has been reported. This is a rare disease and hitherto it is not reported in Korea. A brief review of litera tures has also been described.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Rare Diseases ; Ulcer*

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical outcome in patient underwent surgical correction of consecutive esotropia. METHODS: The medical records of 20 patients with at least 1 year follow-up who underwent surgical correction of consecutive esotropia from 1986 to 2001 were reviewed retrospectively. The authors investigated the deviation angle, amblyopia, diplopia before and after exotropia surgery, efficacy of occlusion on the angle of consecutive esotropia, and clinical course after consecutive esotropia surgery. RESULTS: Incidence of the consecutive esotropia was 0.9% (20 out of 2260 exotropia patients who were required surgery to correct consecutive esotropia), average age at exotropia surgery was 5 year-old, and average deviation of exotropia was 33 prism diopters (PD). There were lateral incomittancy in 4 patients, convergence insufficiency in 3 patients, amblyopia in 1 patients and no had diplopia. Monocular lateral rectus recession and medial rectus recession (R and R) was performed in 13 patients and bilateral recession in 7 patients. In most patients, even though esotropic angle was reduced by occlusion therapy, they were still esotropic. Postoperative cyclic esotropia in 3 patients, diplopia in 7 patients and amblyopia in 7 patients were developed. Surgery for esotropia was performed average 13months after surgery for exotropia, angle of esodeviation at surgery was average 31PD and amblyopia improved after surgery and occlusion in 3 eyes. There were exotropia in 15 patients, esotropia in 3 patients and orthotropia in 2 patients after surgery for consecutive esotropia. The second surgery for exotropia in 2 patients and esotropia in 1 patient were performed. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical results in surgical correction of consecutive esotropia were variable. We could not anticipate the surgical result. Careful observation and treatment for development of amblyopia is needed.
Amblyopia ; Child, Preschool ; Diplopia ; Esotropia* ; Exotropia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Retrospective Studies

Filtering operation using silicone implant was performed on 20 Albino Rabbits' eyes. Square-shaped silicone pieces were used as implant in this experiment to prevent adhesion between subconjunctival tissue and sclera. During the experimental course, intraocular pressure, subconjunctival bleb, existance of silicone piece and of scleral gap and state of conjunctiva over the silicone piece were observed and at the end of the experimeit, histopathologic examination was performed. Conjunctival tear was observed over one half of eyes experimented and subconjunctival bleb was not present at all in all cases. The lowering of the intraocular pressure after operation was not significant. Scleral gap was occluded completely or partially by fibrosis and inflammatory cells except 2 eyes. After 5-6 weeks' observation, silicone pieces were remained on position in 5 eyes out of 6. Histopathologically, I observed fibrosis, chronic inflammatory cells and occasionally granulomo atous change of foreign body type near the silicone piece.
Blister ; Conjunctiva ; Fibrosis ; Foreign Bodies ; Intraocular Pressure ; Sclera ; Silicones*

Filtering operation using silicone implant was performed on 20 Albino Rabbits' eyes. Square-shaped silicone pieces were used as implant in this experiment to prevent adhesion between subconjunctival tissue and sclera. During the experimental course, intraocular pressure, subconjunctival bleb, existance of silicone piece and of scleral gap and state of conjunctiva over the silicone piece were observed and at the end of the experimeit, histopathologic examination was performed. Conjunctival tear was observed over one half of eyes experimented and subconjunctival bleb was not present at all in all cases. The lowering of the intraocular pressure after operation was not significant. Scleral gap was occluded completely or partially by fibrosis and inflammatory cells except 2 eyes. After 5-6 weeks' observation, silicone pieces were remained on position in 5 eyes out of 6. Histopathologically, I observed fibrosis, chronic inflammatory cells and occasionally granulomo atous change of foreign body type near the silicone piece.
Blister ; Conjunctiva ; Fibrosis ; Foreign Bodies ; Intraocular Pressure ; Sclera ; Silicones*

Congenital ocular motor apraxia (COA), first described by Cogan in 1953, is a rare disorder which shows characteristic defect of horizontal voluntary saccades and head thrust. Until now, most cases have showed presumably congenital in origin, bilaterality, and tendency of various recovery with aging. But the causes and mechanisms of COA are not known. Occasionally, it combines with other neurologic abnormalities and the metabolic diseases such as Gaucher's disease which exhibits similar clinical characteristics of COA. We recently experienced a 3 years old girl who showed clinical features of unilateral congenital ocular motor apraxia.
Aging ; Apraxias* ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gaucher Disease ; Head ; Humans ; Metabolic Diseases ; Saccades