No abstract available.
Dinoprost* ; Flurbiprofen* ; Gabexate* ; Prednisolone* ; Thromboxane B2*

Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Biopsy ; Blood Vessels ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cytokines ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lymphocytes ; Microvessels ; Mitosis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ; Recurrence ; Tongue Neoplasms ; Tongue ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a rare clinical type of hypoparathyroidism. The patients with PHP show classic clinical and biochemical features of hypoparathyroidism, but elevated serum level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and characteristic physical appearances termed 'Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy' (AHO). PHP is classified into types Ia, Ib, Ic and II according to the presence of AHO phenotype and the mechanism of PTH resistance. We experienced a case of PHP in a 12 year-old girl with carpopedal spasm, syncope and partial AHO. She showed very low serum calcium level (1.4 mmol/L), high phosphorus level (3.62 mmol/L) and high immunoreactive PTH level (186.6 ng/L). In the Ellsworth-Howard test, urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate and phosphorus levels after an exogenous PTH injection remained unchanged. Therefore, we were able to classify the patient as either PHP type Ia or Ic. After the patient had been treated with daily calcium carbonate (1 g), cholecalciferol (250 IU) and calcitriol (0.5 microgram), her neurological signs and symptoms as well as her biochemical abnormalities of hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia were improved.
Adenosine Monophosphate ; Calcitriol ; Calcium ; Calcium Carbonate ; Child ; Cholecalciferol ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperphosphatemia ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypoparathyroidism ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Phenotype ; Phosphorus ; Pseudohypoparathyroidism* ; Spasm ; Syncope

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a rare clinical type of hypoparathyroidism. The patients with PHP show classic clinical and biochemical features of hypoparathyroidism, but elevated serum level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and characteristic physical appearances termed 'Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy' (AHO). PHP is classified into types Ia, Ib, Ic and II according to the presence of AHO phenotype and the mechanism of PTH resistance. We experienced a case of PHP in a 12 year-old girl with carpopedal spasm, syncope and partial AHO. She showed very low serum calcium level (1.4 mmol/L), high phosphorus level (3.62 mmol/L) and high immunoreactive PTH level (186.6 ng/L). In the Ellsworth-Howard test, urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate and phosphorus levels after an exogenous PTH injection remained unchanged. Therefore, we were able to classify the patient as either PHP type Ia or Ic. After the patient had been treated with daily calcium carbonate (1 g), cholecalciferol (250 IU) and calcitriol (0.5 microgram), her neurological signs and symptoms as well as her biochemical abnormalities of hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia were improved.
Adenosine Monophosphate ; Calcitriol ; Calcium ; Calcium Carbonate ; Child ; Cholecalciferol ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperphosphatemia ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypoparathyroidism ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Phenotype ; Phosphorus ; Pseudohypoparathyroidism* ; Spasm ; Syncope

Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy is considered a standard technique in mandibular orthognathic surgeries to reduce unexpected bilateral stress in the temporomandibular joints. Unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (USSO) was recently introduced to correct facial asymmetry caused by asymmetric mandibular prognathism and has shown favorable outcomes. If unilateral surgery could guarantee long-term postoperative stability as well as favorable results, operation time and the incidence of postoperative complications could be reduced compared to those in bilateral surgery. This report highlights three consecutive cases with long-term follow-up in which USSO was used to correct asymmetric mandibular prognathism. Long-term postoperative changes in the condylar contour and ramus and condylar head length were analyzed using routine radiography and computed tomography. In addition, prior USSO studies were reviewed to outline clear criteria for applying this technique. In conclusion, patients showing functional-type asymmetry with predicted unilateral mandibular movement of less than 7 mm can be considered suitable candidates for USSO-based correction of asymmetric mandibular prognathism with or without maxillary arch surgeries.
Facial Asymmetry* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus* ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognathism ; Radiography ; Temporomandibular Joint

r cells, and the efficacy of drug delivery can be high in richly vascularized tumors. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on microvessel density from 11 patients with tongue cancers. Our results showed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy was seemed to decrease VEGF expression in tumor cells, however, it did not significantly alter VEGF expression in tumor-associated macrophages. Also, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy had little effect on the microvessel density using CD34, and tumor-associated macrophage level using CD68. Thus, tumorassociated macrophages seem to be the key factor associated with the maintenance of microvessel density after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in tongue cancer.
Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Microvessels* ; Tongue Neoplasms* ; Tongue* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

BACKGROUND: Smoking is one of the most important leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Smoking habit is recognized as nicotine dependence, which consists of physical and psychosocial dependence. To evaluate social nicotine dependence, the Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group developed a new questionnaire, which consists of 10 questions with a total score of 30 in Japan. We examined the social nicotine dependence among healthy adults using the new KTSND questionnaire and evaluated validity of the KTSND questionnaire in Korea. METHOD: We applied Korean KTSND questionnaire version 2 to employees of hospital, university students and people for medical examination and promotion test. Complete data obtained from the 741 responders were analyzed. RESULT: The mean age of responders was 31.8 years. Among them, males were 57.8%. Current smokers, ex-smokers, and non-smokers were 13.8%, 12.8%, and 73.4% respectively. According to smoking status, the total KTSND scores of current smokers were significantly higher than those of ex-smokers, and of non-smokers (17.1+/-5.4 versus 14.3+/-5.5, and 12.3+/-5.5, p< or =0.001). The total KTSND scores of males were higher than those of females, suggesting that males have a propensity for depending nicotine socially much more than females (14.3+/-5.7 and 11.7+/-5.4 respectively, p<0.001). Eight of ten questions produced significantly different scores among three different smoking groups. When current smokers were sub-classified by heavy smoking index (HSI) that represented physical nicotine dependence, we did not find a significant difference of KTSND score between low HSI group (<4) and high HSI group (> or =4), This finding suggested that the psychosocial dependence might play a different role from physical nicotine dependence in smoking. Most of the non-smokers (62.5%) had an experience of harmful passive smoking especially in public place. CONCLUSION: Our study suggested that the KTSND questionnaire could be a useful method to evaluate psychosocial aspects of smoking.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Korea* ; Male ; Mortality ; Nicotine* ; Surveys and Questionnaires* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Tobacco Use Disorder*

There are increasing reports regarding regeneration of the defected tissues using tissue engineering technique. In this technique, multipotential stem cells are essential. There are many potential sources of adult stem cells, such as bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, fat, muscle, dental tissues and skin. Among them, skin is highly accessible and easily obtained with a minimum of donor site complications. Moreover, skin is an abundant adult stem cell sources and has the potential for self-replication and immune privilege. In this study, we isolated skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) from the ear of adult miniature pigs. In these SKPs, the expression of transcriptional factors, Oct-4, Sox-2, and Nanog were detected by RT-PCR. In vitro osteogenesis and adipogenesis were observed at 3 weeks after transdifferentiations as assayed by positive von Kossa and Oil-red O staining, respectively. In addition, expression of osteocalcin and osteonectin in the osteogenic differentiation medium and PPAR GAMMA2 and aP2 in the adipogenic differentiation medium were detected by RT-PCR. In vitro neurogenesis of porcine SKPs was observed during 24 and 72 hours after treatment of neurogenic differentiation medium. The results of this study suggest that SKPs demonstrate the properties of pluripotence or multipotence and multi-lineage differentiation. This indicates that autogenous SKPs are a reliable and useful source of adult stem cells for regenerative medicine.
Adipogenesis ; Adult ; Adult Stem Cells ; Bone Marrow ; Durapatite ; Ear ; Fetal Blood ; Humans ; Muscles ; Neurogenesis ; Osteocalcin ; Osteogenesis ; Osteonectin ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors ; Regeneration ; Regenerative Medicine ; Skin ; Stem Cells ; Swine ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Engineering

BACKGROUND: In order to improve MRI volumetry of hippocampus, we obtained the Longitudinal Regional Volume Curve (LRVC) of hippocampi and compared the sensitivity of LRVC with those of conventional hippocampal volume-tries (total and regional) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). METHODS: Thirty-eight normal subjects and 24 TLE patients were included in this study. The pathology of all patients showed hippocampal sclerosis. The volume of the hippocampus was measured by a manual tracing in 3 mm-thickness coronal MRI slices perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus and a three-dimensional reconstruction. Total volume and regional volumes (anterior, middle, and posterior 1/3) of the right and left hippocampi were measured. Then, the focal hippocampal volume of each of the coronal slices (3 mm) was plotted in a X-Y graph to obtain LRVC. The presence and pattern of HA were determined in LRVC. RESULTS: The mean volume of right hippocampus (2512+/-629 mm3) was bigger than that of the left one (2262.6+/-563.2 mm3) in normal subjects. The normal range of right-left total volume difference was 3.6~495.2 mm3. The sensitivities of conventional volumetry, regional volumetry, and LRVC were 66.7%, 75%, and 83.3%, respectively. Eleven patients showed diffuse HA (11/20, 55.0%) and nine had focal HA (9/20, 45.0%). In focal HA, the middle and posterior HA were more frequent (6/9, 66.7%) than anterior HA. CONCLUSIONS: LRVC improved the sensitivity of MRI volumetry in detecting hippocampal sclerosis and could reveal the pattern (diffuse or focal) of HA. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(2):125~131, 2001)
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pathology ; Reference Values ; Sclerosis* ; Temporal Lobe*

BACKGROUND: In order to improve MRI volumetry of hippocampus, we obtained the Longitudinal Regional Volume Curve (LRVC) of hippocampi and compared the sensitivity of LRVC with those of conventional hippocampal volume-tries (total and regional) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). METHODS: Thirty-eight normal subjects and 24 TLE patients were included in this study. The pathology of all patients showed hippocampal sclerosis. The volume of the hippocampus was measured by a manual tracing in 3 mm-thickness coronal MRI slices perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus and a three-dimensional reconstruction. Total volume and regional volumes (anterior, middle, and posterior 1/3) of the right and left hippocampi were measured. Then, the focal hippocampal volume of each of the coronal slices (3 mm) was plotted in a X-Y graph to obtain LRVC. The presence and pattern of HA were determined in LRVC. RESULTS: The mean volume of right hippocampus (2512+/-629 mm3) was bigger than that of the left one (2262.6+/-563.2 mm3) in normal subjects. The normal range of right-left total volume difference was 3.6~495.2 mm3. The sensitivities of conventional volumetry, regional volumetry, and LRVC were 66.7%, 75%, and 83.3%, respectively. Eleven patients showed diffuse HA (11/20, 55.0%) and nine had focal HA (9/20, 45.0%). In focal HA, the middle and posterior HA were more frequent (6/9, 66.7%) than anterior HA. CONCLUSIONS: LRVC improved the sensitivity of MRI volumetry in detecting hippocampal sclerosis and could reveal the pattern (diffuse or focal) of HA. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(2):125~131, 2001)
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pathology ; Reference Values ; Sclerosis* ; Temporal Lobe*