We report a patient with an unusual manifestation of Trichophyton violaceum infection, who lives in Seoul. An 8-year-old male presented an erythematous nodule on the lower eyelid of the left eye which had persisted for 10 weeks. On physical examination, there was no abnormality except a skin lesion on the eyelid. The skin biopsy of the nodule showed epidermal hyperplasia and granulomatous change in the upper dermis. The biopsy specimen yielded Trichophyton uiolaceum on culture. The skin lesion disappeared 2 months after administration of ketoconazole.
Biopsy ; Child ; Dermis ; Eyelids ; Granuloma* ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Ketoconazole ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Seoul ; Skin ; Trichophyton*

A retrospective review was performed of 72 cases of cleft palate operated at the Nati-onal Medical Center from March 1985 to June, 1986. We evaluated the frequency of cardiac arrythmia and changes in the heart rates when epinephrine is used with halothane anesthesia in pediatric patients for the closure of palate. 21 children (29.2%) developed several types of ventricular dysrrhythmias and one child had ventricular fibrillation. 41 children(65.37) had increase in heart rates, and 23 children had no change after epinephrine injection. All children restored sinus rhythm after 100% oxygen inhalation lidocaine(1-1.5 mg/kg) , and demerol (0.5-1 mg/kg) were injected.
Anesthesia ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Child ; Cleft Palate* ; Epinephrine* ; Halothane* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Meperidine ; Oxygen ; Palate ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventricular Fibrillation

No abstract available.
Hypophysectomy*

No abstract available.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism*

The use of albendazole and mebendazole, i.e., benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintics, in treatment of parasitic infections, as well as cancers, is briefly reviewed. These drugs are known to block the microtubule systems of parasites and mammalian cells leading to inhibition of glucose uptake and transport and finally cell death. Eventually they exhibit ovicidal, larvicidal, and vermicidal effects on parasites, and tumoricidal effects on hosts. Albendazole and mebendazole are most frequently prescribed for treatment of intestinal nematode infections (ascariasis, hookworm infections, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis) and can also be used for intestinal tapeworm infections (taeniases and hymenolepiasis). However, these drugs also exhibit considerable therapeutic effects against tissue nematode/cestode infections (visceral, ocular, neural, and cutaneous larva migrans, anisakiasis, trichinosis, hepatic and intestinal capillariasis, angiostrongyliasis, gnathostomiasis, gongylonemiasis, thelaziasis, dracunculiasis, cerebral and subcutaneous cysticercosis, and echinococcosis). Albendazole is also used for treatment of filarial infections (lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonellosis, and dirofilariasis) alone or in combination with other drugs, such as ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine. Albendazole was tried even for treatment of trematode (fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and intestinal fluke infections) and protozoan infections (giardiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, cryptosporidiosis, and microsporidiosis). These drugs are generally safe with few side effects; however, when they are used for prolonged time (>14-28 days) or even only 1 time, liver toxicity and other side reactions may occur. In hookworms, Trichuris trichiura, possibly Ascaris lumbricoides, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Giardia sp., there are emerging issues of drug resistance. It is of particular note that albendazole and mebendazole have been repositioned as promising anti-cancer drugs. These drugs have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo (animals) against liver, lung, ovary, prostate, colorectal, breast, head and neck cancers, and melanoma. Two clinical reports for albendazole and 2 case reports for mebendazole have revealed promising effects of these drugs in human patients having variable types of cancers. However, because of the toxicity of albendazole, for example, neutropenia due to myelosuppression, if high doses are used for a prolonged time, mebendazole is currently more popularly used than albendazole in anti-cancer clinical trials.

The use of albendazole and mebendazole, i.e., benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintics, in treatment of parasitic infections, as well as cancers, is briefly reviewed. These drugs are known to block the microtubule systems of parasites and mammalian cells leading to inhibition of glucose uptake and transport and finally cell death. Eventually they exhibit ovicidal, larvicidal, and vermicidal effects on parasites, and tumoricidal effects on hosts. Albendazole and mebendazole are most frequently prescribed for treatment of intestinal nematode infections (ascariasis, hookworm infections, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis) and can also be used for intestinal tapeworm infections (taeniases and hymenolepiasis). However, these drugs also exhibit considerable therapeutic effects against tissue nematode/cestode infections (visceral, ocular, neural, and cutaneous larva migrans, anisakiasis, trichinosis, hepatic and intestinal capillariasis, angiostrongyliasis, gnathostomiasis, gongylonemiasis, thelaziasis, dracunculiasis, cerebral and subcutaneous cysticercosis, and echinococcosis). Albendazole is also used for treatment of filarial infections (lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonellosis, and dirofilariasis) alone or in combination with other drugs, such as ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine. Albendazole was tried even for treatment of trematode (fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and intestinal fluke infections) and protozoan infections (giardiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, cryptosporidiosis, and microsporidiosis). These drugs are generally safe with few side effects; however, when they are used for prolonged time (>14-28 days) or even only 1 time, liver toxicity and other side reactions may occur. In hookworms, Trichuris trichiura, possibly Ascaris lumbricoides, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Giardia sp., there are emerging issues of drug resistance. It is of particular note that albendazole and mebendazole have been repositioned as promising anti-cancer drugs. These drugs have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo (animals) against liver, lung, ovary, prostate, colorectal, breast, head and neck cancers, and melanoma. Two clinical reports for albendazole and 2 case reports for mebendazole have revealed promising effects of these drugs in human patients having variable types of cancers. However, because of the toxicity of albendazole, for example, neutropenia due to myelosuppression, if high doses are used for a prolonged time, mebendazole is currently more popularly used than albendazole in anti-cancer clinical trials.

Human anisakiasis (or anisakidosis) is a disease caused by the ingestion of marine fish or cephalopods infected with anisakid nematode larvae of the genera Anisakis, Pseudoterranova, Contracaecum, and Hysterothylacium. Anisakiasis is a clinically important disease that often manifests as an acute abdominal syndrome requiring emergency medical attention and care. In Korea, at least several thousand clinical cases have been diagnosed to date; however, only a small proportion of them have been reported in the literature (1971-2022). The most common etiological agents were Anisakis pegreffii (reported as Anisakis sp., Anisakis type I, or erroneously Anisakis simplex), followed by Pseudoterranova decipiens, Contracaecum sp., and Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.). Most cases involved the stomach and small or large intestine, with a few involving the oral cavity (oral mucosa, pharynx, and tonsils), esophagus, omentum, and mesocolic lymph nodes. Anisakis allergies and host immune responses have been studied in humans and experimental animals. Marine fish and cephalopods, including sea eel (Astroconger myriaster), squid (Todarodes pacificus), yellow corvina (Pseudosciaena manchurica), Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), codfish (Gadus macrocephalus), yellowtail (Seriola quinquaradiata), and rockfish (Sebastes spp.), are the most common infection sources. Surveys were performed on anisakid nematode larvae in marine fish and cephalopods caught in the western, eastern, and southern seas of Korea. The larvae recovered from fish or cephalopods caught from the western and southern seas were predominantly A. pegreffii larvae; however, the larvae from the eastern sea were either A. pegreffii larvae (in the chub mackerel, Japanese flounder, and rockfish) or A. simplex s.s. (in the salmon and pollock; these fish migrate through the northern North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea and come to Korea). Health education to avoid eating raw or improperly cooked marine fish and cephalopods (particularly the viscera) is crucial for preventing human anisakidosis in Korea.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the treatment results of fragment excision of the hamate hook nonunion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients operated for hamate hook nonunion were reviewed retrospectively, and were clinically assessed for pain, range of motion, tingling sensation, and grip strength postoperatively. RESULTS: The initial symptoms were pain (3 cases), tingling sensation (3 cases), 5th DIP joint flexion LOM (2 cases), and pain and accompanying LOM in 5th DIP joint flexion (1 case). The causes of injuries seemed to be mainly associated with sports activities. Time from initial symptom to diagnosis was averaged 15 months (2 months-5 years), and confirmative image was plain x-ray (one case), carpal tunnel view (six cases), and CT scan (two cases). All patients underwent fragment excision, and in three patients with accompanying carpal tunnel syndrome, transverse carpal ligament release was performed accordingly. In three other patients complicated with 5th FDP rupture, tenorrhaphy was performed in two cases, and tendon transfer was performed in the other case. Eight patients showed excellent clinical results one year postoperatively, but one patient complained of transient tingling sensation on the 4th and 5th fingers. CONCLUSION: Hamate hook excision after nonunion showed excellent clinical results in one year postoperative follow-up.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; Formycins ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribonucleotides ; Rupture ; Sensation ; Sports ; Tendon Transfer

OBJETIVE: To elucidate 1) whether there are any differences in the urine concentrations of steroid hormone metabolites between patients with leiomyoma and normal controls 2) the correlation between urinary profiles of steroid hormones and leiomyomas of the uterus according to their type, location, volume, and weight. MATERIALS OF METHODS: The study population consisted of 37 premenopausal patients with uterine leiomyoma and the control group consisted of 25 premenopausal normal volunteer women without uterine leiomyoma. Confirmation of the existence of uterine leiomyoma was done by ultrasonography and histopathological examination after surgery. The volume of the leiomyoma was estimated by trans-abdominal and/or trans-vaginal ultrasonography. The Leiomyomas were divided into 3 types (subserosal, intramural and submucosal). Seventeen patients had subserosal type of leiomyoma, 10 with the intramural type and 10 with the submucosal type. The locations of the leiomyoma were also divided into 3 groups (fundus, body and isthmus). Seventeen patients showed a fundus location, 10 in body, and 10 in isthmus. We compared urinary profiles of the endogenous steroids between patients with leiomyomas and normal controls, and also investigated the relationship between urinary profiles of the endogenous steroids and leiomyomas according to their type, location, volume and weight by using highly sensitive Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) system. RESULTS: The mean ages of the patients with leiomyomas and the control group were 43.1+/-5.6 and 40.6+/-7.2 years, the weights were 63.4+/-7.3 and 59.4+/-8.1 kg, and their heights were 155.4+/-4.8 and 159.3+/-4.8 cm respectively. Seventeen patients had subserosal, 10 had intramural, and 10 had submucosal leiomyomas. There were 17 patients with leiomyoma located in fundus, 10 in body and 10 in isthmus. 17beta-estradiol, 5-AT, 11-keto ET, 11beta-hydroxy An, 11beta-hydroxy Et, THS, THA, THE, alpha-cortolone, alpha-cortol, beta-cortol, 11beta-OH Et/11beta-OH An and E2/E1 were significantly increased in patients with leiomyoma than in the control group. 17beta-estradiol was significantly increased in the intramural and the submucosal types than in the subserosal type. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of urinary steroids according to the locations of leiomyomas. There was no significant relationship between the concentration of urinary steroids and the volume of the leiomyomas. 17beta-estradiol significantly decreased as the weight of uterus increased (r=-0.322, p=0.04). CONCLUSION: The concentrations of steroid hormone metabolites were generally increased in patients with leiomyoma but were not significantly related to the volume and weight of the leiomyomas. Our study suggests that steroid hormones may be involved in the initiation of leiomyomas but may not be involved in their progression. In addition, the concentrations of steroid hormone metabolites are not related to the leiomyoma type and location.
Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Steroids ; Ultrasonography ; Uterus* ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Sarcoma* ; Uterus*