Rieger's syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant developmental anomaly characterized by ocular and systemic abnomalities. These disorders are typically bilateral and usually diagnosed at birth or in the childhood. The most common ocular defects are hypoplasia of the iris, a prominent Schwalbe's line with iris strands and corectopia. A large number of patients have glaucoma due to devel-opmental defects of the anterior chamber angle structure. The authors experienced a case of Rieger's syndrome which was found in 31-year-old female, who had characteristic ocular and other systemic abnormalities. Associated glaucoma was well controlled by filtering surgery.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Atrophy ; Edema ; Female ; Filtering Surgery ; Frontal Lobe ; Glaucoma* ; Glioblastoma ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Iris ; Neurofibromatoses ; Optic Atrophy ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Diseases* ; Parturition ; Skin

PURPOSE: Ultrasonic scalers have been widely used for removing biofilm which is considered as major etiologic factor of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of working parameters of piezoeletric ultrasonic scaler with scaler tip (No. 1 tip) on casting gold alloy removal. METHODS:Type III dental casting gold alloy (Firmilay(R) , Jelenko Inc, CA, USA) was used as substitute for tooth substance. Piezoeletric ultrasonic scaler and No.1 scaler tip (P-Max(R) , Satelec, France) were selected. The selected working parameters were mode (P mode, S mode), power setting (2, 4, 8) and lateral force (0.5 N, 1.0 N, 2.0 N). The effect of working parameters was evaluated in terms of ablation depth, ablation width and ablation area. RESULTS: Mode influenced ablation depth and ablation area. Power also influenced ablation depth and ablation area. Especially, Power 2 and power 8 showed statistically significant difference. Lateral force had influence on ablation width, and 0.5 N resulted significant increase compared with 1.0 N and 2.0 N. Ablation depth was influenced by mode, power and lateral force and defect width was influenced by lateral force. Ablation area was influenced by mode and power. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the use of piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler with No. 1 scaler tip in S mode and high power may result in significant loss of tooth substance.
Alloys ; Biofilms ; Periodontal Diseases ; Tooth ; Ultrasonics

The urachus is a vestigial structure extending from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus. Embryololigically, the urachus becomes obliterated during the third month of fetal life, but incomplete regression of the urachus results in anomalies. Urachal anomalies are very rare and present with varied appearances, one of which is vesicourachal diverticulum. Recently, we experienced a case of vesicourachal diverticulum complained of recurrent urinary tract infection in 13 month old male. Embryology, classification, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities and treatment of urachal anomalies are reviewed.
Classification ; Diverticulum* ; Embryology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Umbilicus ; Urachus ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract Infections

A 32-year-old man was transferred to an intensive care unit due to respiratory difficulties with a 4-day history of progressive areflexic quadriparesis following acute hepatitis A. A nerve-conduction study revealed inexcitability of most nerves. The cerebrospinal fluid showed albuminocytologic dissociation, suggesting Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). The patient appeared brain dead on day 4, showing absent brainstem reflexes, respiratory failure, and fully dilated and fixed pupils. This case is an example of how GBS can evolve and simulate a brain-dead state from fulminant deafferentation following acute hepatitis A.
Adult ; Brain Death ; Brain Stem ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome* ; Hepatitis A* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Pupil Disorders ; Quadriplegia ; Reflex ; Respiratory Insufficiency

Pneumothorax and pulmomary edema can be produced as a complication during general anesthesia. The former which occurs during pressure ventilation is highly dangerous. It is characterized by a dramatic onset which is readily recongnized and demands immediate management. The latter may be developed after the upper airway obstruction has been relived due to the reduction of the intersitial hydrostatic pressure and increased capilary permeability. We experienced a case of pneumothorax and pulmonary edema that occurred after treatment for upper airway obstruction.
Airway Obstruction* ; Anesthesia, General ; Edema ; Hydrostatic Pressure ; Permeability ; Pneumothorax* ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Ventilation

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of small or medium sized vessels affecting the upper and lower respiratory tracts and kidney. It is well known that peripheral neuropathy is one of the leading manifestations of WG in western countries but there are rare cases of WG showing peripheral neuropathy in Korea. We report a patient with WG having peripheral neuropathy in his pathological and immunological findings.
Humans ; Kidney ; Korea ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Respiratory System ; Vasculitis ; Wegener Granulomatosis*

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is frequently associated with small cortical and subcortical infarcts. However, major intracranial artery occlusion is rare. We report a case of progressive middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction in a patient with TTP. A 76-year-old woman with hypertension was admitted due to right hemiparesis and transcortical motor aphasia. On laboratory findings, she had microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Brain MRI showed left subcortical multiple infarction, and MR angiogram revealed severe stenosis of left MCA main stem. She was treated with heparin and steroid but a few days later, there was neurologic deterioration attributed to progressive occlusive stroke in the left MCA territory. Follow-up brain CT demonstrated left malignant MCA infarction. TTP may be associated with progressive occlusion of large cerebral artery.
Aged ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Aphasia, Broca ; Arteries ; Brain ; Cerebral Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heparin ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infarction ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Paresis ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic* ; Stroke ; Thrombocytopenia

We describe a patient with metronidazole-induced reversible encephalopathy characterized by dizziness, dysar- thria and ataxia. Brain T2 weighted magnetic resonance images(MRI) show increased signal intensities of the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum. Both neurological signs and abnormalities on MRI resolved dramatically with discontinuation of metronidazole.
Ataxia ; Brain ; Brain Diseases ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Cerebellum ; Dizziness ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Metronidazole

Bee venom acupuncture have been associated with wide variety of reactions from mild local reaction to fatal systemic reaction. Vascular complications of bee and wasp stings are rare. A 71-year-old man developed pontine and thalamic infarction after honey bee venom acupuncture. Dysarthria and left hemiparesis were noted 3 days later. The brain MRI showed cerebral infarcts in the left pons and thalamus. The presumed mechanisms include vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation secondary to an injection of distinct allergens contained in bee venom acupuncture.
Acupuncture ; Aged ; Allergens ; Bee Venoms ; Bees ; Bites and Stings ; Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Dysarthria ; Honey ; Humans ; Infarction ; Paresis ; Platelet Aggregation ; Pons ; Thalamus ; Vasoconstriction ; Venoms ; Wasps

The sense of taste is generally regarded as less important compare with vision and hearing. However, gustatory disorder considerably diminish the pleasures of life. The causes of taste disorder are various, and can occur during different pharmacologic treatment. We report a case of reversible ageusia induced by clopidogrel medication.
Ageusia* ; Hearing ; Humans ; Taste Disorders