In military training, the knee joint is more susceptible to trauma than any other joint in the body. Chronic knee instability is a difficult problem for both the patient and the orthopaedic surgeon who must correct the disability. To achieve the best possible result, the surgeon must first make the correct diagnosis and be aware of the type or types of instability that exist. There may be associated instability in a rotatory plane as described by Slocum and Larson, and the surgeon must examine carefully for this. Various surgical techniques have been used in the past to repair the knee static stabilizers such as ligaments and capsule. Since the introduction of the dynamic concept of rotatory instability and the need for muscular reinforcement of static repair, most orthopaedists have attempted to back up their reapirs with various types of dynamic stabilization such as the pes anserinus transfer and advancement of semimembranosus. 39 cases of medial instability of the knee joint were analysed clinically in the department of orthopaedic surgery of Busan Armed Froce General Hospital from Feb. 1977 to Feb. 1980 and following results were obtained. 1. All of the cases were military personnels, most of them were privates and P.F.C. showed most frequent incidence in 19 cases (49%). 2. Sports injury was a main causes of the knee instability. 3. The highest incidence in severity of the lesion was grade III in 21 cases (54%). 4. Among 39 cases of ligamentous injuries of medial side, rupture of collateral ligament alone were 30 cases, and mixed injuries with cruciate were 9 cases. 5. The pes transfer was performed in all of the cases with acute medial collateral rupture, and even in the cases with instability after primary repair, good results were obtained by carrying out dynamic muscle or tendon transfer. 6. In some cases, the patient did not feel much discomfort for the remaining static instability in valgus stress test after dynamic reconstruction. This was thought to be overcome by dynamic force during use of the leg. 7. For the purpose to prevent further stretching of repaired ligaments, derotation brace were recommended in 5 cases of dynamic reconstructive surgery.
Arm ; Athletic Injuries ; Braces ; Busan ; Clinical Study ; Collateral Ligaments ; Diagnosis ; Exercise Test ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Leg ; Ligaments ; Military Personnel ; Rupture ; Tendon Transfer

No abstract available.
Animals ; Interleukin-4* ; Mice*

Recently radiation and radioisotope are being used widely in many fields such as medicine and industry. But only a few papers were reported about the radio dermatitis due to industrial use of radiation. Authors experienced 4 cases of occupational radiodermatitis due to Ir-192 occur red during the radioisotope traspierce test. All 4 patients noticed painful swelling, erythema, and bullae on their fingers or palms 1-2 weeks after exposure. All laboratory tests to detect ystemic effects of radiation were normal. Three patients recovered after treatment with systemic and topical corticosteroid and emollient cream for 2-4 weeks. But one patient suffered from complication of fibrosis and recurrent cellulitis on his fingers. We discussed about the working situation of our patients and reviewed the literatures about the radiodermatitis.
Cellulitis ; Dermatitis ; Erythema ; Fibrosis ; Fingers ; Humans ; Radiodermatitis

The injured tendon is thought to be healed by, extrinsic healing from tendon sheath and adjacent connective tissue, and intrinsic healing from epitenon and endotenon. About the factors influencing the healing of injured tendon, many authors reported the effects of mobilization, electricity, ultrasound and various druge. Especially, active or passive mobilization had been known to promote the healing process and to reduce adhesion. To investigate the influences of active limited mobilization, intrinsic and extrinsic healing process, right Achilles tendons of 30 New Zealand white rabbits were grouped according to the types of treatments (Group I; tenotomy of Achilles tendon only, Group II; Tenotomy and long leg cast, Group III; surgical repair after tenotomy and long leg cast). The tendon sheath was repaired in all the groups, and the left Achilles tendons were used as control. At six weeks after operation, the tendons were removed and analysed biomechanically using Instron 1000, and histologically. The following results were obtained: 1. There were significant decreased of break strength, in order of Group III, Group I and Group II(p < 0.05). But, no difference was found between control group and Group III. 2. Extension length to the rupture, was decreased significantly in the experimental groups than control group. But there was no difference among the experimental groups. 3. Histologically, dense proliferation of fibroblasts and hypertrophy of tendon was observed in Group I; and matured fibricytic tendon tissues in Group II and III. In Group II, the amount of matured tendon tissues and degree of maturity were less than in Group III. In summary, suture and active limited motion were considered as promoting factors on the tendon healing.
Achilles Tendon ; Connective Tissue ; Electricity ; Fibroblasts ; Hypertrophy ; Leg ; Rabbits ; Rupture ; Sutures ; Tendons ; Tenotomy ; Ultrasonography

A 25-year-old woman with focal seizure, intermittent morning headache and vomiting for 2 years showed microcytic hypochromic anemia on peripheral blood smear and a 6x7.5cm sized intracranial mass with cystic and solid portions at the right temporoparietal convexity on brain CT and MRI which was hypervascular on cerebral angiography. Histopathologic findings on light microscopy suggested chordoma, but it was confirmed as a chordold meningioma by immunohistochemical study. The present case suggests that the diagnosis of chordold meningioma shoud be considered in a juvenile or young adult who is presented with an extra-axial mass with typical location of meningiomas, findings of chordomas on light microscopy, and clinical findings of Castleman syndrome.
Adult ; Anemia, Hypochromic ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Chordoma ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningioma* ; Microscopy ; Seizures ; Vomiting ; Young Adult

The importance of garlic as a cause of hand eczema has been a matter of debate. Diallyldisulfide is considered as the main allergen in garlic. Twentv two antigens of the modified European standard series and diallyldisulfide of 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% in petrolatum were patch tested in 44 patients with hand eczema. Diallylclisi.!lfide was also tested in 13 women as a control. The results were summerized as follows. l. In patch testing with the European standard series, nickel sulfate (22.7%), cobalt chloride (18.2%), fragrance mix (13.6%), balsam of Peru (9.1%) and termerosal (6.8%) were the cornmon allergens which showed positive reactions. The overal positive rate was 59.1 % (26/44). 2.5% diallyldisulfide showed an irritant reaction in 6 (46.2%) out of 13 controls and in 16 (36.4% ) out of 44 patients. 2% diallyldisulfide showed an irritant reaction in 2/13 (15.4 %) in the control group and 6/44 (13.6%) in the patient group. All 13 controls and 44 patients were negative iin tests with diallyldisulfide of 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%. Our results indicate that patch testing with diallyldisulfide of 1% petrolatum is reommended in order to avoid an irritant reaction when contact allergy to garlic is suspetel. 3. Garlic is suspected as an irritant in provoking hand eczema. True contact allergy to garlic in hand eczema seems to be rare.
Allergens ; Cobalt ; Eczema* ; Female ; Garlic* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Nickel ; Patch Tests ; Peru ; Petrolatum

No abstract available.
Animals ; Antibody Formation* ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Mice* ; Poly I-C*

The displaced femoral neck fractures remain a major challenge to orthopaedic surgeons as the elderly population is increasing. Successful union by internal fixation after adequate reduction without avascular necrosis is primary goal since the functional results having own femoral head are much superior to those having prosthetic femoral head, but prosthetic replacement is indicated for some patients with fresh fractures who need early ambulation as well as neglected fractures and failed internal fixations. The early result after prosthetic replacement was known to be very satisfactory but the late complications are becomming the major problem. Authors reviewed 21 cases of the prosthetic replacements for the femoral neck fractures which were followed for more than one year and managed at Fatima Hospital during the years between 1975-1984 and the following results were obtained. 1. The cases were 8 males and 13 females having ages from 42 to 87 years with average 69 years old. 2. The cases were 11 elderly fresh fractures, 6 neglected fractures, 2 failed osteosynthesis and 2 others. 3. Moore and Thompson prosthesis were used and 13 of them were fixed with bone cement. 4. The early result evaluated at 3 months after surgery revealed satisfactory in 90% but the final result at average 3 years and 5 months ranging from 1 year to 6 years and 2 months revealed satisfactory results in 58% 5. There was no significant early post-operative complications. 6. The late complications were 8 cases of acetabular erosions and these were combined with stem loosening in 2, subsidence in 2 and deep infection in 1 case. 7. The late complications started to reveal at about 3 years after surgery and occurred in younger and active patient. 8. The prosthetic replacement for femoral neck fracture is recommended for the inactive patient or the patient with expected activity less than 3 years.
Acetabulum ; Aged ; Early Ambulation ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surgeons

Authors have reviewed a series of 41 cases of fibrous dysplasia which were treated surgically at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University. After mean follow-up of 25 months, we summarized the results as follows; 1. Among the 41 patients, 20 were male patients(M:F= 1:1.05). The average age was 20.2 years old. It was the most common in the 2nd decade(44%). The most common site was femur (53.6%) followed by tibia (28.6%) in monostotic type. Each polyototic patient had 3.8 locations in average. 2. The results were better in skeletally mature patients (86%) than in immature patients (42%). 3. Satisfactory results seemed to be expected in monostotic type (71%) than polyostotic type(33 %) 4. Satisfactory results seemed to be expected in sclerotic type(78%) than cystic type(50%) or ground glass appearance type (62%). 5. Autograft(71%) was superior to xenograft(40%) in our study. However, xenograft only or xenograft with autograft can be a recommendable method of treatment for a very large lesion or for a patient with insufficient graft donor site.
Autografts ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glass ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Seoul ; Tibia ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

Displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus result in serious and prolonged disability. These injuries continue to pose a therapeutic challange and there remains a great deal of controversy regarding treatment, operative versus nonperative. The lateral approach for open reduction, popularized by Palmer, has been used by many authors, with high percentage of excellent results. We treated 21 displaced intra-articular fractures of the calvaneus in 18 patients by open reduction and internal fixation through the lateral approach from July 1990 to May 1992 and the patients have been followed from 12 to 36 months from the time of their injury. The clinical and radiographic analyses were as follows; 1. The most common cause of injury was falls from a height: 19 fractures in 16 patients(88.8%), Spine fracture was most commonly associated injury : 5 patients (27.8%). 2. Fracture was classified according to classification of Paley and Hall. Eight fractures were tongue type(no comminution 4, with comminution 4), 12 joint depression type(no comminution 8, with comminution 4), and a comminuted type. 3. The average bohler tuber-joint angle was
Accidental Falls ; Calcaneus ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Depression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Heel ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Joints ; Osteomyelitis ; Spine ; Toes ; Tongue ; Transplants