No abstract available.

1. The author found that the periosteal callus was formed on lateral side of the fracture in two cases of three posteromedially displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus associated with fracture of distal end of ipsilateral forearm which were considered as the torsion fracture. 2. The above result was peculiar out come of the torsion fracture. 3. The characteristic radiologic findings of the torsion fracture are. 1) The fracture line of the proximal fragment is transverse and irregular(bursting). 2) Multiple longitudinal splitting and waving on entire fracture line of distal fragment. 4. Twenty eight cases of 236 cases of extension varus fracture supracondylar fracture of humerus were identified with torsion fracture. 5. The torsion fracture was combined with hyperextension fracture in 3 cases, extension-adduction fracture in 6 cases, shearing fracture by direct blow on anterior aspect of flexed elbow in 12 cases, and shearing fracture by backward thrust of forearm in 4 cases.
Bony Callus ; Child ; Elbow ; Forearm ; Humans ; Humerus

1. The author found that the characteristic radiologic finding of the flexion-valgus type of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children is Y shape bifurcation of the distal end of proximal fragment on lateral view. 2. Thirteen cases were identified as the flexion-valgus type from among the 224 cases of supracondylar fracture. 3. Thirteen cases of flexion valgus type were classified into five types. 1) Dome shape fracture, along the upper border of the olecranon fossa-5 cases. 2) Transverse fracture, proximal to the olecranon fossa-2 cases. 3) Oblique fracture, through the posterior wall of supraconlylar-2 cases. 4) Oblique fracture, through the distal end of lateral column-3 cases. 5) Oblique frarture with partial injury of epiphyseal line of lateral condyle-1 case.
Child ; Humans ; Humerus ; Olecranon Process

1. Fifteen cases of anteromedial supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children were treated during a 15-year-period since 1975. 2. The anteromedial fracture were classified into flexion-varus and adduction-antilt type and subdivided into angulation and shear fracture. 3. The characteristic roentgenographic manifestations of the anteromedial fracture are: 1) Flexion varus fracture:Segmental fracture of the wall of the olecranon and coronoid fossa with fracture of the anterior and posterior cortex of metaphysis on lateral view. 2) Adduction-antilt fracture:The longitudinally split fracture of the anterior and posterior cortex of the metaphysis and tension fracture on the posterior fragment with medial impaction of the distal fragment. 4. Adduction-antilt fracture should be treated by manipulative reduction and fixation in plaster in abduction of the elbow. The full extension is necessary to fix the elbow which can afford to abduct the forearm securely to definite direction. 5. Anteromedially displaced fracture can be fixed by two percutaneous K wire pinning. On the lateral side, the pin is directed upward and medially at an angle of 45 degrees to the fracture line and intramedullary vertical to the coronal plane of the humerus. On the medial side the pin is directed upward along the axis of the medial column and inserted into medullary canal (vertical pin). On the lateral projection, the pin is introduced through the distal fragment and the anterior distal end of the proximal fragment, contact point between fragments to penetrate the opposite cortex. The pin is securely fixed at the two point-opposite cortex and anterior distal end of the proximal fragment.
Child ; Elbow ; Forearm ; Humans ; Humerus ; Olecranon Process

Kuntscher introduced the interlocking nail as the name of Detensionsnagel at 1968. Klemm, Kaessman, Hempel used it clinically through transverse hole. Authors tried to make the sagittal hole at the dorsum of the Kiintscher nail, which was interlocked- from the slot to the hole by bone screw. The direction of the sagittal hole crossed right angle to the transverse hole. Analysis of 35 cases conducted following conclusion. 1. Transfixing the screw at the sagittal hole of the nail can be done easily when transfixing through the transverse hole is difficult. 2. There was no difference in stability between transverse hole and sagittal hole transfixation. Lateral movement of the nail was disappeared after transfixation of the screw at the sagittal hole. Interlocking system is very similar to Harrington distraction rod system. 3. One case of nail breakage had occured at the transverse hole. Nail breakage easily occurs if the hole is situated near the fracture site. For prevent nail breakage larger nail insertion is desirable. (More than 14mm in femur and more than 12mm in tibia.) 5. Indication of the I-M nailing is widened by screw interlocking: from the subtrochanteric fracture to the supracondylar fracture of the femur. It is also useful in arthrodesis of the knee joint. 6. Addition of the Interlocking in ordinary I-M nailing patient could walk 3 to 10 days after operation and radiologic union achieved 12 to 20 week after opeation.
Arthrodesis ; Bone Screws ; Femur ; Humans ; Knee Joint

We reported the two cases of olecranon osteomyelitis secondary to the iatrogenic chronic relapsing septic olecranon bursitis. Infection was well eradicated by excision of the infected bursa and curettage of the eroded olecranon under the coverage of antibiotic therapy.
Bursitis* ; Curettage ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Olecranon Process* ; Osteomyelitis*

No abstract available in English.
Tibia

We reviewed 35 patients who received an operation for the Spondylolisthesis from July 1980 to July 1985. The follow-up period between operation and evaluation was at least 14 months and average 32 months. we obtained the following results. 1. The age distribution was from 23 years of age to 70 years of age and the prevalent decade was at the 5th. 2. Sex difference showed male 9 cases and female 26 cases, that is, female preponderance about 3 times. 3. 24 cases were isthmic type and 11 cases were degenerative type. The ratio between isthmic type and degenerative type was about 2: l. 4. Isthmic type was found at the 4th and 5th decades frequently and degenerative type was at 5th and 6th decade frequently. 5. The displacement between L4 and L5 was 21 cases and the displacement between L5 and sacrum was 14 cases. 6. In isthmic type, the displacement between L4 and L5 was 11 cases and the displacement between L5 and sacrum was 13 cases. In degenerative type, the displacement between L4 and L5 was 10 cases and the displacement between L5 and sacrum was 1 case. So the isthmic defect occurred at 2 levels almost equally and degonerative type occurred at L4-5 predominantly. 7. Overall results are excellent 2 cases(6%), good 29 cases(82%), fair 2 cases(6%), and poor 2 cases (6%).
Age Distribution ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Sacrum ; Sex Characteristics ; Spondylolisthesis

We have experienced 40 cases of the tibial shaft fractures treated with Küntscher nail from 1979 to 1986. Authors analysed these cases and our own experimental study concerned with the shape of Küntscher nail. The shape of Küntscher nail for the tibial shaft fractures should be designed according to the type and location of the fracture. The proximally bent and distally straight nail is used for the extension fracture, proximally and distally bent nail or entirely bent nail is inserted for the flexion fracture of the tibia. The large nail(over 13 mm in diameter) may produce injury to the patella because it has minimal flexibility. In order to permit easy driven down of nail and prevent this injury, the nail should b. bent into three to four segments and the length of the longest segment should not exceed the permissible length of straight nail (Permissible length is distance from entrance of nail to posterior cortex of the upper fragment, where tip of the (nail impinged-about 12cm) The midpoint of the middle segment of dual dent nail is placed at the fracture site. The middle segment of the nail may bent anteriorly for flexion fracture and posteriorly for extension fracture, securing the dynamic fixation of the fracture.
Patella ; Pliability ; Tibia

No abstract available in English.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous