The bactericidal activity of 96 sera, to Staphylococci and E.coli, of leprosy patients classified as sever, mild, and negative grade by bacterial index was investigated. The results obtained were as follows; The killing activity to E. coli, in general, was stronger than that to Staphylococci. The bactericidal activity of serum was variable by serum itself, and these variations were more remarkablh in Ei coli than in Staphylococci. In case to E. coli, the higher bactericidal activity was observed in the serum of mild and negative grade patients rather than sever, while no relationship was found between activity and disease grade in Staphylococci. The per oral administration of DDS and Lampren did not give any influence to the bactericidal activity of serum.
Administration, Oral ; Homicide ; Humans ; Leprosy*

A clinical observation was made on 282 cases of transurethral surgery who had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Medical School, Jeonbug National University during the period from January 1978 to August 1982. The results were summerized as follows. 1. Among 1,618 in-patients, 282 cases were undertaken transurethral surgery. 2. The age distribution ranged from 21 years to 83 years, the most prevalent age was from 60 to 79. 3. The sex ratio, male to female was 5.9:1. 4. The disease distribution were 176 case in B.P.H., 9 Cases in prostatic ca., 6 cases in median bar, 13 cases in bladder tumor, 58 cases in ureteral stone, 113 cases in bladder stone and 5 cases in urethral stone. 5. The most common surgical type was transurethral resection of prostate in 191 (67.7%). 6. The average operating time was 43 minutes. 7. Postoperative complications were listed as: 3 cases in bladder rupture, 2 cases in incontinence, 1 case in dysuria, 1 case in epididymitis, 1 case of recurrence of bladder tumor and 2 cases which were impossible of removal of stone basket with stone. 8. The postoperative hospitalization was between 2 days and 10 days, 6.3 day in average.
Age Distribution ; Dysuria ; Epididymitis ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Rupture ; Schools, Medical ; Sex Ratio ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Calculi ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urology

This study is intended to comparison of the recent ideal number of children and artal approach for analyzing value system for children that form attitude affecting birth affecting birth control with earlier study conducted 10 years ago. In general the traditional fertility pattern of Korea may be considered as "early marriage and high fertility" backed by the confucian value system of a farming-oriented country. A selective attitude favoring sons contributes substantially to fertility. But Korea is now moving toward late marriage and fertility pattern. This has been due to the rapid introduction of western culture and a partial acceptance of western value systems, a relative weakening of traditional value systems, a gradual increase in infant and child survival rates through medicines, and a desire to avoid having too many children because of economic poverty. This study showed following results: Ideal number of sons and daughters in urban area was decreased by 0.2 respectively compared to earlier study. In rural area, the number of decrease of sons and daughters was 0.5 and 0.2 respectively. The conception concerning Happiness has changed to wealth from health in previous opinion. Regarding attitude toward having sons, 98 percent of them wanted to have sons positively, moreover 10 percent of them wanted two or more sons. Regarding reasons for the wanting sons, we see that line, are a principle concern of about 56 percent in both areas. The rate of dependence in old age was decreased conspicuously compare to previous study while the rate of holding rituals was increased remarkably in rural area. Among reasons for limiting family size, "for better living and for better education for their children were main reasons rated 46 percent in urban, 51 percent in rural area. The rates were not changed compare to previous study. Regarding attitude of those who have no son of children, the rate of re-marriage with second wife was decreased remarkably in rural area and the rate of living without special behavior for having son was increased compare to previous study.
Ceremonial Behavior ; Child* ; Contraception ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Fertility ; Fertilization ; Happiness ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea ; Marriage ; Nuclear Family ; Parturition ; Poverty ; Spouses ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Kidney*

PURPOSE: The present study was conducted to identify the relations between self-esteem. self-care and life satisfaction in the home-dwelling elderly. METHODS: The subjects were 106 persons aged over 65 in J city. Data were collected from April to June 2005 by a questionnaire survey. The instruments used in this study are the self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg(1965), the self-care scale by Hwang (2000) and the life-satisfaction scale by Choi (1986). Data were analyzed through t-test, ANOVA. least significant difference, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis using SPSS-Win 10.0. RESULTS: Self-esteem and self-care were in a positive correlation with each other (r=.464, p=.000). Self-care and life-satisfaction showed a significant correlation with each other (r=.222 p=.031), and a significant correlation was found between self-esteem and life-satisfaction (r=.506, p=.000). The most significant predictors influencing life-satisfaction were self-esteem, self-care and perceived health condition, and the three factors accounted for 47.7% of variance in life satisfaction in the home-dwelling elderly. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that self-esteem, self-care and life-satisfaction can be important factors the quality of life of the elderly in long-term care. Therefore nurses can plan nursing interventions to promote self-esteem, self-care and life satisfaction of the home-dwelling elderly.
Aged* ; Humans ; Long-Term Care ; Nursing ; Quality of Life ; Self Care* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the relationships of self-esteem, health status and self-care, and compare them between the rural and urban elderly. METHOD: The subjects were 126 persons with age over 65: rural(69 persons) and urban(57 persons). The data was collected from 1st Sep to 10th Oct, 2004 by questionnaires, and was analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Least Significant Difference and Pearson's correlation coefficient in the SPSS-Win 10.0. RESULTS: The level of self-esteem, health status and self-care of the elderly in rural were lower than those of the elderly in urban. The higher group self-esteem in the rural elderly shows more health status and self-care than the lower group. Significant differences between two groups in the urban elderly were not found. Self-esteem, health status and self-care were positively correlated each other in the rural elderly. Significant correlations were found between self-esteem and health status, and between self-esteem and self-care in the rural elderly. CONCLUSION: Self-esteem forms the foundation of psychosocial health and provides a measure for the quality of life of the elderly in long term care. As nursing is in a unique position to promote self-esteem, the nurse can plan and provide nursing intervention with the consideration of characteristics of the rural and urban elderly to promote the self-esteem, health status and self-care of the elderly.
Aged* ; Humans ; Long-Term Care ; Nursing ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Care*

No abstract available.

1. The author found that the periosteal callus was formed on lateral side of the fracture in two cases of three posteromedially displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus associated with fracture of distal end of ipsilateral forearm which were considered as the torsion fracture. 2. The above result was peculiar out come of the torsion fracture. 3. The characteristic radiologic findings of the torsion fracture are. 1) The fracture line of the proximal fragment is transverse and irregular(bursting). 2) Multiple longitudinal splitting and waving on entire fracture line of distal fragment. 4. Twenty eight cases of 236 cases of extension varus fracture supracondylar fracture of humerus were identified with torsion fracture. 5. The torsion fracture was combined with hyperextension fracture in 3 cases, extension-adduction fracture in 6 cases, shearing fracture by direct blow on anterior aspect of flexed elbow in 12 cases, and shearing fracture by backward thrust of forearm in 4 cases.
Bony Callus ; Child ; Elbow ; Forearm ; Humans ; Humerus

1. The author found that the characteristic radiologic finding of the flexion-valgus type of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children is Y shape bifurcation of the distal end of proximal fragment on lateral view. 2. Thirteen cases were identified as the flexion-valgus type from among the 224 cases of supracondylar fracture. 3. Thirteen cases of flexion valgus type were classified into five types. 1) Dome shape fracture, along the upper border of the olecranon fossa-5 cases. 2) Transverse fracture, proximal to the olecranon fossa-2 cases. 3) Oblique fracture, through the posterior wall of supraconlylar-2 cases. 4) Oblique fracture, through the distal end of lateral column-3 cases. 5) Oblique frarture with partial injury of epiphyseal line of lateral condyle-1 case.
Child ; Humans ; Humerus ; Olecranon Process

1. Fifteen cases of anteromedial supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children were treated during a 15-year-period since 1975. 2. The anteromedial fracture were classified into flexion-varus and adduction-antilt type and subdivided into angulation and shear fracture. 3. The characteristic roentgenographic manifestations of the anteromedial fracture are: 1) Flexion varus fracture:Segmental fracture of the wall of the olecranon and coronoid fossa with fracture of the anterior and posterior cortex of metaphysis on lateral view. 2) Adduction-antilt fracture:The longitudinally split fracture of the anterior and posterior cortex of the metaphysis and tension fracture on the posterior fragment with medial impaction of the distal fragment. 4. Adduction-antilt fracture should be treated by manipulative reduction and fixation in plaster in abduction of the elbow. The full extension is necessary to fix the elbow which can afford to abduct the forearm securely to definite direction. 5. Anteromedially displaced fracture can be fixed by two percutaneous K wire pinning. On the lateral side, the pin is directed upward and medially at an angle of 45 degrees to the fracture line and intramedullary vertical to the coronal plane of the humerus. On the medial side the pin is directed upward along the axis of the medial column and inserted into medullary canal (vertical pin). On the lateral projection, the pin is introduced through the distal fragment and the anterior distal end of the proximal fragment, contact point between fragments to penetrate the opposite cortex. The pin is securely fixed at the two point-opposite cortex and anterior distal end of the proximal fragment.
Child ; Elbow ; Forearm ; Humans ; Humerus ; Olecranon Process