No abstract available.
Aspergillosis* ; Maxillary Sinus*

Radial nerve paralysis associated with humeral shaft fracture is the most common peripheral nerve lesion complicating fractures. The mechanism of injury, treatment, and prognosis of radial nerve paralysis associated with fracture of the humerus vary considerably, depending on when the nerve injury occured with respect to the humeral fracture and its subsequent treatment. A clinical study was performed on 243 patients with fractures of the humeral shaft. Especially fourty two cases of radial nerve paralysis associated with fracture of the humerus were analyzed at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine from January 1965 to December 1982. The results were summarized as follows: l. Among 243 humerus shaft fractures, the ratio of male to female was 2: 1. The common cause of radial nerve paralysis associated with humerus fracture were due to traffic accident and industrial machine injury. The closed fracture was 205 cases(84.4%) and the most common type of fracture was comminuted fracture(52.6%) 2. Among 243 humerus shaft fractures, 42 cases(17.3%) complicated the radial nerve paralysis. The radial nerve paralysis was the most vulnerable to injury at the distal third of the humerus, especially when there was open or comminuted fracture. The incidence of primary radial nerve paralysis was 8%(34 cases), and 19#g(8 cases) in secondary radial nerve paralysis. 3. Among 42 radial nerve paralysis associatd with humerus fractures, 15 cases were treated by conservative method. And 27 cases were treated by surgical exploration. By surgical exploration the practical cause of radial nerve paralysis were found: 13 cases negative, 5 cases contusion, 3 cases stretching. The recovery sign of radial nerve paralysis was noted from 2 weeks after treatment. Spontaneous neurological recovery was not noted beyond 6 months after treatment. Thirty two patients were available for follow up study. The overall recovery rate of radial nerve paralysis was 81.3. The practical causes of patient with no recovery of nerve function were cross section of nerve, severe stretching or entrapment of radial nerve between the sites of fracture. From a consideration of these series, it was concluded that satisfactory result was obtained from conservative management in humerus shaft fracture associated with radial nerve paralysis. Indication of early surgical exploration of radial nerve paralysis associated with humeral fractures are open fractures requiring debridement, spiral or oblique fractures with marked displacement, and progressive nerve paralysis.
Accidents, Traffic ; Clinical Study ; Contusions ; Debridement ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Paralysis ; Peripheral Nerves ; Prognosis ; Radial Nerve

No abstract available.
Hernia*

Generalized granuloma annulare is manifested by numerous, symrnetrical, shiny, normal-skin colored, discrete or confluent, papular eruption on the sunexposed areas, mostly in females of past middle age. Up to date, a variety of therapeutic approaches have been tried with inconsistent results. Recently several agents have been reported to be inconsistent results. Recently several agents have reported to be effective in the treatment of genealizecl granuloma annulare. Of these, dapsone has been used with favorable respones. The fact dapsone can inhibit the lysosomal enzyme release and the mononuclear cell-rnediated rnyeloperoxidase cytotaxicity would account for its effect in granuloma annulare even in part. We observed a case of generalized granulare in a 49-year old man, who had had numerous normal-skin colored or faintly violaceous, flattopped papular eruption on the sun-exposed areas for 3 years. He was treated successfully with dapsone 100mg a day for about 22 months.
Dapsone* ; Female ; Granuloma Annulare ; Humans ; Middle Aged

No abstract available.

The most important congenital abnormality of the foot is clubfoot or talipes equinovarus, a deformity easy to diagnose but difficult to correct completely, even in the hands of an experienced orthopaedic surgeon. Furthermore approximately 50% of congenital clubfoot are resistant to non-operative methods such as manipulation and cast correction and consequently, under these circumstances, continuation of non-operative treatment leads to eventual failure, due either to incomplete correction, or recurrence of the deformity. In such resistant clubfoot it is better judgement to perform a relatively minor soft tissue operation at the time for resistance rather than to delay surgical treatment and beforced to perform a major operation at a late date for recurrence. Eighteen patients who presented twenty-five resistant congenital clubfoot abnormalities were followed at our department for 9 years and 4 months from February of 1970 to May of 1979. These were subjected to analysis clinically and radiologically, and the following results were obtained. 1. These patients consisted of: 11 male patients, 7 female patients, 11 single clubfeet and 7 bilateral clubfeet. 2. Age categories at operation were as follows: 6 feet below 1 year old, 8 feet 1 year old, 5 feet 2 years old, 3 feet 3 years old and one each age 4, 5 and 6. 3. Treatment period before operation: 19 clubfeet for 3 months to 6 months, 6 clubfeet for 7 months to 1 year. 4. Operations performed: posterior release-four, medial and posterior release-twelve, medial-plantar and posterior release-three, one stage posteromedial release-four, Evans procedure-one and tibialis anterior to lateral cuneiform-one. 5. Operations performed at an early age showed better results than those performed on older patients. 6. Of all operations performed the one stage posteromedial release with internal fixation showed the best results.
Clubfoot ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Foot ; Fractures, Open ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of ferritin-folate-cyanocobalamin supplementation for prevention of anemia during pregnancy. METHODS: The authors conducted a clinical investigation on 50 pregnant women from 20th to 36th gestational weeks. The cobination of cyanocobalamin coenzyme 500mg, folic coenzyme 800mcg, and ferritin 20mg constituted the supplementation. The parameters examined in first trimester as baseline, before treatment(at 20th weeks), and after treatment(at 36th weeks) were : hemoglobin, hematocrit, ferritin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC), mean corpuscular volume(MCV), red blood cell count(RDW), folic acid, and vit. BPaired sample t-test was used for comparison. RESULTS: The results indicated a significant increase in the value of hemoglobin(p<0.05) and hematocrit(p<0.01) in comparison to before and after the treatment. The values of serum ferritin, folic acid, vitamin Bwere increased after the treatment compared to those of before the treatment, though there was no statistical significance. The results of MCV, MCH, MCHC, and RDW showed no statistically significant in comparison to before and after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that supplementing ferritin 20mg-folate 800mcg-cyanocobalamine 500mcg per day from 20th to 36th weeks' gestation can increase values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ferritin concentration and can be cosidered as an appropriate method to prevent iron deficient anemia. It also might increase the value of folic acid and vitamin B12, concentration, but further study is stiU needed to determine whether the supplementation of folate and cyanocobalamine in combination with iron can have better eflicacy than iron alone in prevention of iron deficiency anemia.
Anemia* ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Ferritins* ; Folic Acid* ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Iron ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Vitamin B 12* ; Vitamins

Clinical observations were made on 349 cases of acute drug intoxication who were visited to emergency room of Yeungnam University Hospital during recent 7 years from January 1984 to December 1990. The following results were obtained. 1) Total number of cases of acute drug intoxication was 349 which was 0.39% of the total patients of the emergency room during the same period. 2) The ratio of male to female was 1.1:1. The age incidence was highest in the third decade (26.7%). The monthly incidence was highest in May. Higher frequency was observed in summer season. 3) The most common drug of the intoxication was pesticides and herbicides (71.9%), the remainders were miscellaneous drugs (11.2%), sedatives (7.7%), rodenticides (6.3%) and unknown drug (3.2%) in orders. 4) The most common cause of drug intoxication was suicide (69.1%) and the others were accident, unknown cause, intention in orders. 5) Main clinical manifestations were the impairment of consciousness, nausea, vomiting and convulsion. Physical examination revealed increased pulses, increased blood pressure, miosis of the pupil and sweating. Above symptoms and signs were more prominent in pesticide intoxication. Leukocytosis, glycosuria and abnormal LFT were common findings in acute intoxications. 6) The complications were developed in 18.3% among 349 cases and the most common complication was respiratory failure, pneumonia, cardiovascular collapse and pulmonary edema in orders. 7) Overall mortality rate was 8.3% of total cases and mortality rate was highest in herbicide intoxication (22.2%).
Blood Pressure ; Consciousness ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Glycosuria ; Herbicides ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Incidence ; Intention ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Miosis ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Pesticides ; Physical Examination ; Pneumonia ; Pulmonary Edema ; Pupil ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Rodenticides ; Seasons ; Seizures ; Suicide ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: To evaluate the specific findings of color Doppler ultrasonography in patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the resistive index (RI) of 110 patients with BPH, and compared them with 100 controls with no symptom, using color Doppler ultrasonography. The RI was compared with the prostatic volume and maximum flow rate (Qmax). In 20 patients with BPH, the RI was measured following surgical treatment. RESULTS: The RI was significantly higher in the patients than the controls (p<0.001). The BPH patients (n=110) had a mean RI of 0.74, whereas the controls (n=100) had a mean RI of 0.60. There was a significant correlation between RI and Qmax (r=-0.731, p<0.01), and the RI correlated significantly with the prostatic volume (r=0.739, p<0.01). In the 20 BPH patients having undergone TURP, the elevated RI decreased significantly to the normal control levels, from 0.70 to 0.60 (p<0.001), following surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The Doppler RI might be useful as a new parameter in BPH. However, further studies, on its value in representing urodynamic information, will be required.
Humans ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color* ; Urodynamics

Painful nociceptive informations are well known to be transferred from nociceptors through spinal dorsal horn not only in different pathways but also in diverse nature depending on the type of noxious stimuli. There have been some controversies about the role of neuropeptide somatostatin in the transmission of the nociceptive information to the dorsal horn cells of the spinal cord. We performed the study in order to elucidate the effects of somatostatin on transmission of noxious stimuli in the spinal dorsal horn, comparing with those of morphine. Using carbon-filamented microelectrode, the single cell activities of wide dynamic range(WDR) neuron were recorded extracellularly at the lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord in cats after noxious mechanical(squeeze), thermal(heat lamp), and cold(dry ice) stimulation to the receptive field. The sciatic nerve was stimulated electrically to evoke, A4-fiber and C-fiber each other. Data were compiled into single pass time histograms or postsimulus time histograms. Twenty micro-gram of somatostatin was injected intravenously to study the changes of single cell activities in 20 minutes, which were compared with the effects of morphine(2m/kg). Then naloxone was administrated(0.1mg/kg) to know whether it antagonized the effects of somatostatin and morphine And those finding were also observed in inverted WDR cells. In WDR cell, somatostain decreased the cellular responses to noxious heat stimuli in 6cell(n=9), but increased those to cold stimuli in 4 cells(n=6). And the responses to noxious mechanical stimuli were so diverse that they were slightly increased in 7 cells(164%), decreased in 5 cells, and were not changed in 6 cells(n=18). A-response, the response to peripheral Ad-afferent activation, showed a tendency to be facilitated(n=6/9), while C-response had a slightly depressed tendency(n=4/9). Morphine strongly suppressed the responses of dorsal horn neurons to noxious heat(n=9/13), cold(n=2/2), mechanical stimuli(n=16/19) and electrical A-response(n=7/10), C-response(n=6/7). Following subsequent injection of naloxone, the effects of morphine on noxious stimuli evoked response were fully reversed but those of somatostatin were not antagonized. There was significant difference between the reversal effects of naloxone on morphine and somatostatin(p<0.05). From the above results it is concluded that somatostatin suppresses the transmission of nociceptive heat stimuli, especially via C-fiber, while facilitates that of nociceptive mechanical and cold stimuli via Adelta-fiber in spinal dorsal horn cells. Also the somatostatin appears to have different nociceptive mechanism from morphine.
Animals ; Cats* ; Horns ; Hot Temperature ; Microelectrodes ; Morphine* ; Naloxone ; Neurons ; Neuropeptides ; Nociceptors ; Peripheral Nerves* ; Posterior Horn Cells* ; Sciatic Nerve ; Somatostatin* ; Spinal Cord