PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy for assessing vascular ingrowth into the ocular implants after enucleation or evisceration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients (M:F=7:17, mean age: 36 years), who buried a coralline hydroxyapatite after uncomplicated enucleation or evisceration surgery were studied. Dynamic and static scintigraphy on the orbit fossa were obtained after injection of 740 MBq 99mTc-MDP to evaluate the status of vascularization. The study was performed from the 3 to 33 weeks after surgery. According to the visual analysis, activity greater than nasal bridge was graded as 4, equal to the nasal bridge as 3, less than nasal bridge but greater than normal orbit as 2, greater than normal orbit but less than grade 2 as 1. Uptake ratio was also calculated by measuring the implants activity (H) and contralateral orbit activity (N). Grading score and uptake ratio were compared with clinical outcome of vascularization. Additionally, we also analyzed the vascularization status as time lapse between primary surgery and scintigraphic study and surgical methods. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients who had bone scintigraphy at 11 weeks after surgery showed increased uptake above grade 2 and greater H/N ratio than 1.56. Of these, 19 patients who had drilling surgery for permanent peg application showed adequate bleeding during the procedure. The activity grade and uptake ratio were inversely correlated with vascular ingrowth. Higher than grade 2 or greater than 1.56 in H/N ratio seemed to be an indicator for better prognosis. Accomplishment of vascularization was not affected by the surgical way such as enucleation or evisceration. CONCLUSION: 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy can be a useful method to evaluate the vascularized status of implants. Adequate time for 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy may be 11-20 weeks after enucleation or evisceration.
Durapatite* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Orbit ; Prognosis ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate*

No abstract available.
Nucleopolyhedrovirus* ; Sequence Analysis*

In order to search for anti-Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-1 agents from Korean medicinal herbs and Korean traditional prescriptions (herb complexes), we selected 80 medicinal herbs and 45 prescriptions, based on a review of the Korean traditional medicine books. Both methanol extracts and boiling-water extracts were tested by means of the MTT assay (tetrazolium based colorimetric assay). Ten of the 125 methanol extracts: CM-11, CM-18, CM-19, CM-21, CM-22, CM-39, MM-3, MM-18, MM-29, MM-73 (see explanation of nomenclature below), showed efficacy against HSV-1. Twelve of the water extracts: CW-2, CW-3-I, CW-3-II, CW-18, MW-3, MW-5 MW-6, MW-12, MW-47, MW-69, MW-73 and MW-75 were active. #3 (individual herb) and #73 (individual herb) were interesting because both water and methanol extracts were active. Especially, #3 is a part of composition of Hong-il-laksamd ngbang and Hojanghaedokt'ang which have anti-HSV-1 activitives. The SI value of MW-69 and CW-18 was relative high as 10.2+/-0.7 and 11.8+/-2.2. The cytotoxic effect on Vero cells of Panch' n-ch' ngbang, Taraxacum platycarpum H. Dahlst. and acycloguanosine was determined by MTT assay. Water extracts of Panch' ngch' ngbang (prescription) and Taraxacum platycarpum H. Dahlst. showed very weak cytotoxic effects on Vero cells at > 100 mug/ml but acycloguanosine showed strong cytotoxic effects on Vero cells at > 100 mu g/ml. As a result, #3, #73, MW-69 and CW-18 are considered as potentially useful for anti-HSV-1 agent and will be the focus of further research. Abbreviations: CM - methanol extracts of traditional prescriptions; CW - water extracts of traditional prescriptions; MM - methanol extracts of individual herbs; MW - water extracts of individual herbs.
Abbreviations ; Acyclovir ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Mass Screening* ; Medicine, Korean Traditional ; Methanol ; Plants, Medicinal* ; Prescriptions* ; Simplexvirus* ; Taraxacum ; Vero Cells ; Water

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in the ablation effects of percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT), percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT), and radiofrequency (RF) ablation therapy in extracted bovid livers, and to assess the appropriate therapeutic method for treating hepatic tumors according to their shape, size and location. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PEIT, PMCT and RF ablation were performed at 1 cm and 5 cm depth in bovid livers. PEIT was performed with 1, 2, 3 and 4 ml of ethanol, PMCT with 60 watt for a 30 th, 60 th and 120 th of a second, and RF ablation for 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 minutes. Ultrasonography was used for the detection of the tissue necrosis that followed the different therapeutic modalities. RESULTS: For PEIT, the extent of the necrosis was smaller than that of the other modalities. For PMCT, the necrosis was elliptical and longer in length. For RF, the necrosis was oval and larger in size. At 1 cm depth for PMCT and RF ablation, the liver capsule was injured. CONCLUSION:We concluded that these different findings in tissue necrosis would aid in selecting the appropriate therapeutic method for hepatic tumors according to the tumors' shape, size and location.
Ethanol* ; Liver* ; Microwaves* ; Necrosis ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Intraductal papilloma (IDP) is a benign breast disease with malignant potential, for which complete surgical excision is usually recommended. The aim of the present study was to investigate predictive factors for upgrading patients with a benign papillary lesion (BPL). METHODS: This study was an observational study using a prospectively collected cohort. In total, 13,049 patients who underwent a core needle biopsy (CNB) for a breast lesion between January 2009 and May 2015 were enrolled. We reviewed all patients with pathologically confirmed BPL from a CNB. RESULTS: Surgical treatment was performed for 363 out of a total of 592 lesions. According to the pathological differences, the lowest upgrade rate was shown in IDP without atypia (without atypia, 6.0%; with atypia, 26.8%; papillary neoplasm, 31.5%; p<0.001). The univariate analysis showed that, in IDP without atypia, the age at diagnosis, size of BPL on ultrasonography, and density on mammography were associated with upgrading. The multivariate analysis revealed that age >54 years and lesion size >1 cm were significantly associated with upgrade to malignancy (odds ratio [OR]=4.351, p=0.005 and OR=4.236, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: The indications for surgical treatment can be defined as age >54 years and mass size >1 cm, even in IDP without atypia in the CNB results; this also includes cases of IDP with atypia or papillary neoplasm. Therefore, we suggest that close observation without surgery is sufficient for younger women with a small IDP without atypia.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Large-Core Needle* ; Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Cohort Studies ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Multivariate Analysis ; Observational Study ; Papilloma, Intraductal ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiography ; Ultrasonography

Thyroglossal duct cysts develop in the persistent remnants of the thyroglossal tract between the origin of the thyroid at the foramen cecum and the final position of the thyroid gland. Thyroglossal duct cyst can present anywhere from the base of the tongue to the manubrium, but its occurrence within the thyroid gland is very rare. We report here on a 41-year-old woman who presented with a cystic thyroid nodule that was due to an intrathyroid thyroglossal duct cyst. The sonogram, showed a hypoechoic nodule that measured 0.7 x 0.6 cm in the left thyroid lobe. Left lobectomy of the thyroid gland was performed and microscopic examination revealed a cyst lined by non-keratinized squamous epithelium, which was consistent with a thyroglossal duct cyst in the thyroid gland. Intrathyroid thyroglossal duct cyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a cystic thyroid nodule. This is the first reported case of a intrathyroid thyroglossal duct cyst in a Korean adult.
Adult ; Cecum ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Manubrium ; Thyroglossal Cyst* ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Nodule ; Tongue

PURPOSE: To give a help in the interpretation of cardiac cine-MR examination, the extent, shape, and timing of appearance of signal void regions near atrioventricular(A-V) valve prospectively evaluated in the healthy population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using an axial gradient-echo technique with small flip angle, repetition time(TR) of 36 msec and echo time(TE) of 22 msec, 20 volunteers without known valvular abnormalities undertook cardiac cine-MR imaging including atrioventricualr valve areas. RESULTS: Transient signal void was observed within the atrium near the tricuspid(13/20 = 65%) and mitral valves(9/20 = 45%), respectively, which is so called "physiologic atrioventricular valvular insufficiency". Eight subjects revealed the signal void areas near both tricuspid and mitral valves but, 5 subjects didnot show any evidences of physiologic insufficiency. This physiologic condition does not extend more than lcm proximal to A-V valve plane and is generally observed only during early systole. Its morphology is semilunar or triangular configuration with the base to the valve plane in most cases of normal tricuspid insufficiency and small globular appearance in most cases of normal mitral insufficiency. CONCLUSION: Awareness of normal signal void areas near the A-V valve and their characteristics is critical in the interpretation of cardiac cine MR examinations and maybe helpfal in the study of the normal cardiac physiology.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Physiology ; Prospective Studies ; Systole ; Volunteers

OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic performance in evaluating the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), between the response evaluation criteria in solid tumor (RECIST) 1.0 and RECIST 1.1, on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for advance breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Breast cancer patients, who underwent NAC between 2005 and 2010, were included. Both prechemotherapy and post-chemotherapy MRIs were performed within 1-4 weeks before and after NAC. Only the patients with subsequent surgery were included. The response to NAC was assessed by using RECIST 1.0 and RECIST 1.1. Patients with a complete or partial response on MRI were considered as responders, and those with stable or progressive disease were considered as non-responders. Tumor necrosis > 50% on pathology was defined as responders and necrosis < 50% was defined as non-responders. The diagnostic accuracy of both RECIST 1.0 and RECIST 1.1 was analyzed and compared by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: Seventy-nine females (mean age 51.0 +/- 9.3 years) were included. Pathology showed 45 responders and 34 non-responders. There were 49 responders and 30 non-responders on RECIST 1.0, and in 55 patients, RECIST 1.0 results agreed with pathologic results (69.6%). RECIST 1.1 showed 52 responders and 27 non-responders. In 60 patients, RECIST 1.1 results were in accordance with pathology results (75.9%). The area under the ROC curve was 0.809 for RECIST 1.0 and 0.853 for RECIST 1.1. CONCLUSION: RECIST 1.1 showed better diagnostic performance than RECIST 1.0, although there was no statistically significant difference between the two.
Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*pathology/surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Contrast Media/diagnostic use ; Female ; Gadolinium DTPA/diagnostic use ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Predictive Value of Tests ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatments in the patients with delayed diagnosis after foreign body injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen patients with foreign body injury, who had delayed diagnosis more than two months, from January 2000 to August 2008, were enrolled in the present study. The clinical manifestation, materials, locations of foreign bodies, and diagnostic methods were assessed in this study. In addition, we investigated the treatment in the all patients. RESULTS: The interval between injury and removal surgery varied from two months to 16 years. The most common clinical manifestations were foreign body sensation and tenderness (13/17). Glasses (9/17), woods (3/17), needles (2/17), and pencil leads (2/17) were the common foreign bodies. In addition, the most common location of foreign body was palm (7/17), followed by finger (4/17) and wrist (3/17). In the major portion of patients (13/17), the diagnosis was made by simple roentgenogram at the time of presentation. Ultrasonogram (US) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in the residual four radiolucent foreign bodies. In the all 17 patients, surgical removal was performed. CONCLUSIONS: A doctor should perform the scrupulous history taking and physical examination when diagnosing injury by foreign body. In patients with history of prior surgical treatment due to laceration or penetration by foreign body, active examination, radiological diagnosis including roentgenogram, US, and MRI, and surgical removal are recommended.
Delayed Diagnosis ; Eyeglasses ; Fingers ; Foreign Bodies ; Glass ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Needles ; Physical Examination ; Sensation ; Upper Extremity ; Wood ; Wrist