No abstract available.
Myasthenia Gravis* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: The patients visiting the primary care complain of the various symptoms. This symptoms may induce the stress or the reverse. In fact the stress can influence the symptoms and signs. So this study was done for the correlation of the symptoms and signs with stress. METHODS: This study was done about the patients visiting the family medicine department of the one university hospital. We collected the all items that can find in the charts for examining the symptoms and signs, and did the requests pater the patients wrote by themselves. The stress test was Psychosocial well being index to be constructed from the General Health Questionnaire. We tested the study by t-test, anova, chi-square, linear logistic regression. RESULTS: The total study numbers were 351. The stress cut-off point was 63 score. The stress group was consisted of 15 males and 43 females. The meaningful symptoms were headache, dizziness, fatigue, weakness, insomnia, anxiety or depression. The meaningful diagnoses were anxiety or depression, tension headache(p<0.05). The meaningful sociodemographic factors were female, housewife or unemployed, menopause, monthly income below 200 ten thousands won. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the some symptoms and signs were statistically correlated with stress.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Exercise Test ; Fatigue ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Menopause ; Primary Health Care ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Diet and weight concerns are commonplace and almost accepted features of life for girls during adolescence. Until recently, younger age groups haue largely been ignored, as these concerns were thought to be a product of pubertal development and sexual maturity. Girls under the age of fifteen therefore, have been assumed to be free of the pressures experienced by adult women. However, this belief is now hard to sustain. The object of the present study was to investigate the self-perception and body shape satisfaction in different weight categories of boys and girls aged 12-years old in Korea. METHODS: In May, 1995, one hundred and sixty seven boys and one hundred and twenty girls from two schools in Seoul completed assessments of body-esteem, self-esteem, body shape preference. The children's body weight and height were also measured. RESULTS: The heaviest children expressed the most discontent, having a low body-esteem, a desire for thinness. By the age of 12, girls boys already differ in their body shape satisfaction and differ in their body shape aspirations. There was a significant effect of weight category on the children's body esteem(boys(P =.005), girls(P=.0001). Children in both extreme categories, under-and over-weight, had lower body-esteem scores than those in other weight categories. However, it was the overweight children who had the lowest. reported body-esteem. Body esteem was highest among girls in the 'slightly underweight' category and highest among boys on the 'average weight' category. There was no effects of either weight category or gender on the childrens appraisal of self-esteem. A comparison of the points chosen on the silhouette scales to reflect current and preferred body shapes revealed clear gender differences. Of the girls, 63% placed their preferred body shape at a point thinner than their currently perceived shape, while only 15% chose a broader figure. In contrast,, 41% of the boys rated their preferred figure as broader than their current perception, and 37% as thinner than their current perception. CONCLUSIONS: This study has noted a relationship between body weight and self-perception in 12-year old children. The heaviest children expressed low body-esteem, a desire for thinness. This pattern was more characteristic of girls than boys. Even at this age, well before they have completed physical maturation, girls are aspiring to a body shape which is thinner than their average. This discontent experienced by the heaviest children on this sample was apparent in their lower body-esteem and the distance between their current and preferred body shapes. The girls preference was for thinness, while in the boys it was for a body shape which was broader than their current shape. From their responses, it would appear that the boys' desire was not for fatness, but for a more athletic and muscular build.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aspirations (Psychology) ; Body Weight ; Child* ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Overweight ; Self Concept ; Seoul ; Sports ; Thinness ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Nursing Homes* ; Nursing* ; Nutritional Status*

No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Internship and Residency*

Cleidocranial dysostosis is a rare herditary disorder affecting bones that develop by intramembranous formation. The classical features include exaggerated development of the transverse diameter of the skull, delay in the ossification of the fontanels, aplasia of the clavicles, and hereditary transmission. Authors report a case of cleidocranial dysostosis in 8 years old boy with brief review of the literatures.
Clavicle ; Cleidocranial Dysplasia ; Humans ; Male ; Skull

To examine the relationship between plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1[PAI-1]antigen concentration and diabetic retinopathy in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients, PAI-1 antigen levels and some fibri-nolytic parameters were studied in 89 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients[mean age 59.8 +/-11.3 years]and 25 normal adults as control[meanage 52.8 +/-14.7 years]. The diabetic patients were classified as three subgroups: no DR[n=34], NPDR[n=29]and PDR[n=26]according to the degree of retinopathy.The PAI-1 antigen concentration was measured by enzyme immunoassay[Innotest PAI Ag kit].The diabetic patients had a significantly higher mean PAI-1 antigen level [34.56 +/-17.80ng/milliliter ]compared to a control group[20.35 +/-15.78 ng/milliliter ][p<0.05].Plasma PAI-1 antigen level was significantly lower in diabetic patients with PDR[27.39 +/-15.54 ng/milliliter ]than in diabetics with no DR[36.87 +/-23.31 ng /milliliter ]or NPDR[39.43 +/-2 0.17 ng/milliliter ][p<0.05], probably because of more extensive systemic endothelial damage. These results support the hypothesis that impaired fibrinolysis due to elevated PAI-1 is associated with the development of retinopathy, and therefore the levels of PAI-1 can be used as useful indicator for the development and progression of proliferative retinopathy.
Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Fibrinolysis ; Humans ; Plasma* ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1* ; Plasminogen Activators

It is well known that halogenated anesthetics have been mainly used for inhalation anesthesia these days. However many controversies still exist concerning hepatic cellular damage after halothane anesthesia. Although several articles have been issued concerning the effects of halogenated anesthetics for hepatitis B surface antigen positive patients, a study of frequent research and strict case collections is meaningful. The authors observed the effects of enflurane anesthesia on 15 HBsAg positive patients who had not recognized themselves whether they had hepatitis symptoms or were carriers. During the period of study, all groups(enflurane study group and enflurane and halothane control groups) did not experience any difficulty with the anesthesia, blood transfusion, and jaundice, etc. The comparative data of liver function tests did not show great differences during the convalescent period. According to this and other recent studies, we can positively conclude that halogenated anesthetics, especially enflurane, may favorably be used to administer HBsAg positive patients, unless any undesirable problems related to anesthesia exist.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Blood Transfusion ; Enflurane* ; Halothane ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Liver Function Tests

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

BACKGROUND: Recently in Europe, some epidemiologic studies reported that various physical symptoms and social, psychological wellbeing are related to low blood pressure. But in Korea, none has been studied on symptoms related to low blood pressure yet. In this study, we would like to see if the somatic symptoms and social, psychological wellbeing shown t,o be related to low SBP is truly associated with it. METHODS: Questionnaire interview was done to the people who have visited Department of family practice in two university hospitals and two health promotion center from April, 1996 to August, 1996. Seven somatic symptoms and Psychosocial Wellbeing Index(PWI) for the evaluation of social, psychological health status were included in the questionnaire. SAS statistics packages was used in statistical precess. We used logistic regression to see the frequency of somatic symptoms related to the systolic blood pressure(SBP) group and the confirmation of confounding variables was done by ANOVA. RESULTS: Total of 304 completed the questionnaire. Average age was 44 years old and average SBP was 115.4+/-16.4. 84 of them (27.6%) felt that they had a low BP & 69 were women compared to 21 men, being meaningfully more common. 107(35.2%) people answered that they had heard that their blood pressure was low and 66% were from doctors. Only 32(38.1%) of the group who felt of having hypotensive symptoms and 38 of the group who heard of having hypotension actually had SBP of below 100 mmHg. Vocation, income, smoking & alcohol history, present illness, marital status were not significant as a confounding variable. SBP of 100 or below group had a less presentation of fatigue & significantly higher PWI than the group of above 100mmHg (p<0.05). The group who felt that they had a low BP had more complaints of fatigue, dizziness, palpitation, cold hands and feet and had significnatly higher PWI than the group who didnt. CONCLUSIONS: SBP of 100mmHg or below group has more frequent manifestion of fatigue and low level of sociopsycholgiacl health index than the above 100mmHg group. But most of the people who complained of hypotensive symptoms didnt have low blood pressure and a lot of them misunderstand of having low blood pressure and after checking blood pressure by doctors, so great deal of caution is called for when seeing patients.
Adult ; Blood Pressure* ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Dizziness ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Europe ; Family Practice ; Fatigue ; Female ; Foot ; Hand ; Health Promotion ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Marital Status ; Occupations ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires