Dermatophytes infect the human hair, skin, nail and cause the dermatophytosis. The extracellular and intracellular proteinases of the dermatophytes commonly occur in the genus Trichophyton like T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and T. granulosum. These enzymes play a prominent role in growth, multiplication and infection of the host tissue. Extracellular proteinases have been purified from the species of Trichophyton and Microsporum. We purified the proteinase partially from the culture filtrate of the Trichophyton tonsurans through Mono-Q and Superose 12 column and investigated its biochemical and enzymatic characters. The molecular size of the proteinase was estimated to be 41 kDa by SDS-PAGE. And pI was 3.2. The optimal temperature and pH for an enzymatic activity were 27C and 7.5, respectively. The purified porteinase degraded the keratin, bovine serum albumin, hemoglobin. The serine proteinase inhibitor like PMSF and DFP inhibited the proteolytic activity of the purified enzyme whereas the cysteinase inhibitor did not. These results demonstrated that the purified proteinase is a serine proteinase and can contribute the tissue invasion.
Arthrodermataceae ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Hair ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Isoflurophate ; Microsporum ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Serine Proteases* ; Serine* ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; Skin ; Tinea ; Trichophyton*

No Abstract available.
Cross Infection* ; Korea*

It is notoriously difficult to obtain a sound bony union of congenital paeudarthrosis of tbe tibia with conventional methods. This paper is the results of using the free vascularized fibular graft for congenital pseudarthorsis of the tibia in 7 patients since 1978 in this hospital, which is the first attempt in Korea. During the follow-up periods from 9 months to 32 months, 5/7 patients(71%) had good or excellent bony union, 2 patients had bone resorption at tbe distal site of grafted bone and required a second supplementary cancellous bone graft with electrode insertion. So it is thought that the free vascularized fibular graft is one of good methods of treatment for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia.
Bone Resorption ; Electrodes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Pseudarthrosis ; Tibia ; Transplants

Chordomas are maligaant tumors which arise in the remnants of the embryonic notochord, and exhibit a definite predilection for the extremes of the spinal axis, the great majority arising either in the basioccipital or in the sacrococcy geal regions. Particularly, complete surgical removal is almost impossible, therefore, local recurrence after the surgical removal of this tumor is common or rule. This report describes a csse of chordoma arising sacrococcygeal region treated with block resection.
Chordoma ; Notochord ; Recurrence ; Sacrococcygeal Region

No abstract available in English.
Pseudarthrosis ; Tibia

Sixteen microvasular free flap transfers have performed during recent two years in this department, which was first attempt in Korea. Neurovascular free flap was nine and vascular free flap was seven. The donor flaps were thirteen dorsalis pedls falps, two groin flaps and one latissimus dorsi flap respectively. The recipient sites were heel pad loss, vital organ exposure and scar contracture lesions in extremity. Their main cause of soft tissue defect was traumatic in all. All patients have experienced more than two times of split thickness skin graft before free flap transfer. The success rate of vascular free flap transfer was 94%. The only one failure case was due to venous thrombosis, but secondary split thickness skin graft performed with satisfactory result. The follow up period was from 5 months to 20 months. Sweating in transferred free flap was found at all neurovascular free flap within postoperative 4 months. Adequate 2-point discrimination was obtained at six patients of nine neurovascular free flaps and protective sensation seems to progressively improve in remained three patients. Two point discrimination was shortened at hand after neurovascular dorsalis pedis flap transfer in two cases. The weight bearing function at heel pad region and tactile sensation at hand have satisfactorily recovered after free flap transfer. Free flap transfer have many advantages compare to conventional skin graft, such as shorter therapeutic time, lesser physical and economic burdens, primary covering to vital organs and protective sensation of neurovascular free flap transfer. The most important factors are meticulous microvascular operation technique and anatomic knowledge.
Cicatrix ; Contracture ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Groin ; Hand ; Heel ; Humans ; Korea ; Microsurgery ; Sensation ; Skin ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Venous Thrombosis ; Weight-Bearing

The intramedullary nailing is a good method of treatment in femur shaft fracture but it is not available in some fracture pattern or fracture level. And it is very difficult with conventional Kiintscher nailing to prevent torsional stress and fix rigidly in unstable fracture of the femur shaft. The unstable fracture by comminuted fracture or segmental fracture, nonunion and pathologic fracture needed the rigid fixation. Interlocking Kuntscher IM nailing can provide antitorsional stability, good axial alignment and prevent shortening of the fracture site, also allow early ambulation and joint exercise. We analysed 51 patients 52 cases of interlocking Kiintscher IM nailing from May 1981 to March 1988. The interlocking Kuntscher IM nailing prevents the rotational and axial roading. The interocking Kuntscher IM nailing has expanded its application in fracture pattern and fracture site. The interlocking IM nailing provides rigid fixation in severe comminuted fracture. segmental fracture, long spiral fracture, and other several unstable fractures and eliminates splinting or external supports, so it is possible doing early joint exercise. The interlocking Kuntscher IM nailing was also considered best internal fixation method in pathologic fracture or sever osteoporosis. The static interlocking for rigid fixation and the dynamic interlocking method for axial compression to fracture site during weight bearing can be adapted appropriately to fracture pattern. Radiation hazard during the interlocking nailing is not considerable.
Early Ambulation ; Femur ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Humans ; Joints ; Methods ; Osteoporosis ; Splints ; Weight-Bearing

We studied 75 cases of conventional Kuntscher intramedullary nailing and 52 cases of interlocking intramedullary nailing from July 1980 to October 1988 for femur shaft fractures. The conventional Kuntscher intramedullary nailing was used for fresh fracture and the interlocking intramedullary nailing was used not only fresh fracture, but also unstable fracture, nonunion and pathologic fracture. The conventional Kuntscher intramedullary nailing was frequently used in middle one-third level, but the interlocking intramedullary nailing could be applied widely from subtrochanteric area to supracondylar level in femur. The average operation time in patient who had no associated injury was 3.6 hours in conventional Kuntscher intramedullary nailing and 3.25 hours in interlocking intramedullary nailing. Time period for union was much less in interlocking intramedullary nailing than conventional Kuntscher intramedullary nailing. Some kinds of immobilization was needed shortly in conventional Kuntscher intramedullary nailing but immediate postoperative ambulation was possible in interlocking intramedullary nailing. Interlocking intramedullary nailing can prevent the angulation, shortening and trochanteric bursitis due to migration of the intramedullary nail.
Bursitis ; Femur ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Walking

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Incidences of postoperative mucoceles of the frontal, ethmoid, or sphenoid sinuses are currently on the rise. The clinical rogression of the postoperative mucoceles in the frontal, ethmoid, or sphenoid sinuses are different from that of the maxillary mucoceles. In this study, we investigated the clinical patterns and treatments of postoperative mucoceles, which have developed in the frontal, ethmoid, or sphenoid sinuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June,1994 and August, 2005, twenty-six patients with thirty postoperative mucoceles were treated surgically. They had a previous history of operation and incidences of maxillary mucoceles were excluded from the study. A review of the clinical subjects were performed using their clinical records and radiological findings. RESULTS: The locations of the postoperative mucoceles were, in the order of frequency, the ethmoid, frontal, fronto-ethmoid, spheno- ethmoid, sphenoid, and fronto-ethmoidsphenoid sinus. Postoperative mucoceles occurs mostly in the form of ophthalmic symptoms and headache. The ophthalmic manifestations were different between the anterior, posterior and the antero-posterior mucocele group. The mean duration until diagnosed as postoperative mucocele since the previous sinus surgery was 9.9 years, and endoscopic sinus surgeries and intranasal ethmoidectomies with Caldwell-Luc operations were the majority among previous surgeries. Most postoperative mucoceles could be successfully treated with an endoscopic marsupialization. CONCLUSION: Frontal, ethmoid, or sphenoid postoperative mucoceles developed mostly on the ethmoid sinus and occurs mainly in the form of ophthalmic symptoms. Most postoperative mucoceles were successfully treated with an endoscopic marsupialization.
Ethmoid Sinus ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mucocele* ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Sphenoid Sinus*