PURPOSE: Antitumor effect of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)- producing murine colon cancer cells was elucidated against intrahepatic challenge of parental cancer cells, which is clinically relevant tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a model of liver metastasis by intrahepatic challenge of CT-26 murine colon carcinoma cells to syngeneic BALB/c mice, GM-CSF producing cells were given as a intradermal vaccine either 14 days prior to hepatic challenge, or in animals with established tumors. Tumor volume and survival were determined. RESULTS: Animals receiving vaccination showed significant systemic protection against the hepatic challenge of parental tumor cells, and in animals with established hepatic tumors significant response was observed with some prolongation in survival. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that GM-CSF-producing autologous tumor vaccine was effective for the protection of host agaisnt the metastatic hepatic tumor model. Even though its efficacy against the established tumor was not as significant as in protection, GM-CSF producing autologous tumor vaccine can provide support for the specific immunotherapy for the metastatic liver cancer.
Animals ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocytes ; Humans ; Immunotherapy* ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms* ; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Parents ; Tumor Burden ; Vaccination

This report includes experiences of 63 cases of lntussusception treated in Severance Hospital from October 1964 to September 1968. 1. In age distribution, 44 cases were observed under one year of age (69.9%) and peak incidence occurs from the 4th to 7th month (38%). Males showed a decidedly higher incidence than females with a ratio of 2.3:1. Seasonal incidence showed 33.3 per cent in the Summer. 2. The cardinal symptoms and signs were irritability or abdominal pain, palpable abdominal mass, vomiting, and bloody mucous stools. 3. 7 out of 63 cases had an underlying cause; Meckel's diverticulum 2, enteric cyst 1, submucosal cyst 1, lymphosarcoma 1, reticulum cell sarcoma 1, and malrotation, and 5 cases out of six were under 3 years of age. 4. Of 63 cases, operative intervention without trial of barium enema reduction was used in 24 cases, 7 cases had only diagnostic barium enema. In the rest of the cases, namely 32 cases, hydrostatic pressure barium enema was performed and successful reduction was accomplished in 13 cases.
*Cecal Diseases ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Human ; *Ileum ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; *Intussusception ; Male

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley* ; Rectum*

Cardioplegic myocardial protection has become the most popular method for coronary artery bypass surgery. In contrast, we reported 17 consecutive coronary artery bypass operations with ventricular fibrilation, nitroglycerine infusion, and moderate hypothermia. The average patients age was 55 years. 11 patients had stable angina, 4 patients unstable angina, 2 patients varient angina, and 6 patients had prior myocardial infarcation. On cardiac catheterization, the mean LVEDP was 17.32+/-2.13mmHg, EF was 0.67, and abnormal LV wall motion was noted in 5 patients. Premedication usually consisted of hydroxyzine 1~3mg/kg with or without morphine 0.05~0.1mg/kg IM. Induction agents was morphine sulfate, diazepam, lidocaine and pancuronium for muscle relaxant. Maintaninance agents were nitrous oxide, morphine with small dose of halothane or enflurane. Almost all case (15 patient) was infused nitroglycerine 0.5~1.5 microg/kg throughout entire procedure. After bypass, average patient's temperature maintained 25~28 degrees C, and ventricular fibrillation were induced with or without cold saline irrigation around the heart. Average mean arterial pressure were maintained 60~80 mmHg during bypass period. At the end of bypass, if spontaneous beating were not occurred under normal temperature, defibrillation were used. After bypass stop, methylprednisolone were injected in 15 patients. Average anesthetic time was 585 min., surgery time was 529 min, bypass time was 237 min. Arterial blood gas and electrolyte was acceptable range during all period. Complication implicated with anesthesia was myocardial infarction (3 patient), arrhythmia and transient vocal cord paralysis, 1 patient, respectively and no mortality. In all cases the anginal pain was improved.
Anesthesia ; Angina, Stable ; Angina, Unstable ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diazepam ; Enflurane ; Halothane ; Heart ; Humans ; Hydroxyzine ; Hypothermia ; Lidocaine ; Methylprednisolone ; Morphine ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Nitroglycerin* ; Nitrous Oxide ; Pancuronium ; Premedication ; Ventricular Fibrillation* ; Vocal Cord Paralysis

Wegener`s granulomatosis (WG) is a multisystem disorder of unknown origin characterized by necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis. WG usually affects the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys with focal glomerulonephritis, but almost any organ can be affected. The ureter is primarily an unusual location for lesions of WG. A 30-year-old woman presented with intermittent right flank pain and hematuria. A renal ultrasound demonstrated unilateral hydronephrosis and a retrograde pyelography revealed a filling defect at right mid ureter and a computed tomography displayed marked concentric thickening of the right ureteral wall which was mimicking ureteral tumor. At nephroureterectomy, the right ureter was found to be obstructed by dense, intramural fibroinflammatory reaction. There was a necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis in the muscle layer of the ureter. Our case represents the rare occurrence of WG presenting ureteral bstruction.
Adult ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney ; Lung ; Respiratory System ; Ultrasonography ; Ureter* ; Urography ; Vasculitis

PURPOSE: The exact role of postoperative radiotherapy following curative surgery of rectal carcinoma has been debated. In this retrospective study, we examined the effect of radiotherapy on the survival and recurrence rate of rectal cancer patients who underwent total mesorectal excision (TME). METHODS: Since June of 1994, we have recommended postoperative chemoradiation (6 cycles of 5-FU with folinic acid plus 5040 cGy external irradiation) for stage II and III rectal cancer patients. Among 134 stage II and III rectal cancer patients who underwent TME, 100 patients received postoperative chemoradiation (group A) and 34 patients decided not to receive radiation therapy (group B). For these two groups, survival and recurrence rates were compared. Follow-up times were 6 to 60 months (mean 24.7). There was no difference between two groups with regard to sex, stage of the disease, mean tumor location from dentate line, status of lateral margins, type of operation and mean follow-up duration. However, mean age was higher in group B (65.6 vs 53.9, P<0.05). RESULTS: The overall recurrence rate showed no difference between two groups (28.0% in group A vs 21.0% in group B, P>0.05). Local recurrence rate was also similar (11.0% vs 3.0%). There was no significant difference in duration between surgery and initial recurrence (14.0 months vs 11.0 months, P=0.18). The 5-year-disease-free survival rate was 57.0% in group A and 63.0% in group B (P=0.33). CONCLUSION: In this study, we found no beneficial effect of postoperative radiation therapy following TME for the rectal cancer.
Fluorouracil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; Radiotherapy* ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Arthroderma (A.) benhamiae, one of three telemorphs of Trichophyton (T.) mentagrophytes, has not been isolated until recently in Korea, but in Japan the first report on it was made in 1998. OBJECTIVE: To identify A. benhamiae for the first time in Korea. METHODS: Twelve strains suggestive of A. benhamiae grossly and microscopically were detected among 1, 059 of T. mentagrophytes isolated at the Catholic Skin Clinic, Daegu, from 1998 to 2000. They were examined by mating tests and molecular methods. In mating tests, they were respectively crossed with "+" and "-" tester strains of A. vanbreuseghemii, A. benhamiae African race, A. benhamiae Americano-European race. Molecular methods included the sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of ribosomal DNA and chitin synthase 1 (CHS1) gene, and random amplified DNA polymorphism (RAPD) with random primer OPAO-15 (5'-GAA GGC TCC C-3'). RESULTS: Mating tests revealed that 12 strains of T. mentagrophytes consisted of 6 of A. benhamiae, 4 of A. vanbreuseghemii and 2 of indeterminate. Six strains of A. benhamiae, all isolated from the patients with a history of contact with rabbits, included 1 of Americano-European race and 5 of African race of Americano-European race and 5 of African race. One clinical isolate, a strain of A. benhamiae Americano-European race "-" in mating tests, was almost identical with the standard strains of A. benhamiae Americano-European race with molecular methods as 99.2% (351/354) similarity of ITS2 sequence, 99.1% (313/ 316) similarity of CHS1 sequence, and similar RAPD pattern. Five clinical strains of A. benhamiae African race were identical with standard strains in ITS2 and CHS1 gene and RAPD pattern. CONCLUSION: The first isolation of 6 strains of A. benhamiae in Korea was reported. Five were identified as A. benhamiae African race "+", and 1 as A. benhamiae Americano-European race "-".
Arthrodermataceae* ; Chitin Synthase ; Continental Population Groups ; Daegu ; DNA ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Humans ; Japan ; Korea* ; Rabbits ; Sequence Analysis ; Skin ; Trichophyton

BACKGROUND: Arthroderma (A.) benhamiae, one of three telemorphs of Trichophyton (T.) mentagrophytes, has not been isolated until recently in Korea, but in Japan the first report on it was made in 1998. OBJECTIVE: To identify A. benhamiae for the first time in Korea. METHODS: Twelve strains suggestive of A. benhamiae grossly and microscopically were detected among 1, 059 of T. mentagrophytes isolated at the Catholic Skin Clinic, Daegu, from 1998 to 2000. They were examined by mating tests and molecular methods. In mating tests, they were respectively crossed with "+" and "-" tester strains of A. vanbreuseghemii, A. benhamiae African race, A. benhamiae Americano-European race. Molecular methods included the sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of ribosomal DNA and chitin synthase 1 (CHS1) gene, and random amplified DNA polymorphism (RAPD) with random primer OPAO-15 (5'-GAA GGC TCC C-3'). RESULTS: Mating tests revealed that 12 strains of T. mentagrophytes consisted of 6 of A. benhamiae, 4 of A. vanbreuseghemii and 2 of indeterminate. Six strains of A. benhamiae, all isolated from the patients with a history of contact with rabbits, included 1 of Americano-European race and 5 of African race of Americano-European race and 5 of African race. One clinical isolate, a strain of A. benhamiae Americano-European race "-" in mating tests, was almost identical with the standard strains of A. benhamiae Americano-European race with molecular methods as 99.2% (351/354) similarity of ITS2 sequence, 99.1% (313/ 316) similarity of CHS1 sequence, and similar RAPD pattern. Five clinical strains of A. benhamiae African race were identical with standard strains in ITS2 and CHS1 gene and RAPD pattern. CONCLUSION: The first isolation of 6 strains of A. benhamiae in Korea was reported. Five were identified as A. benhamiae African race "+", and 1 as A. benhamiae Americano-European race "-".
Arthrodermataceae* ; Chitin Synthase ; Continental Population Groups ; Daegu ; DNA ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Humans ; Japan ; Korea* ; Rabbits ; Sequence Analysis ; Skin ; Trichophyton

PURPOSE: The volumetric change of osteosarcoma after preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is a significant prognostic factor. It is absolutely necessary that all volumetric measurements must be based on acceptable reproducibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate intra- and inter-observer variability of volumetric measurements, including plain radiography and magnetic resonance image (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients with osteosarcoma of the limb were included in this study. All patients underwent plain radiographs and MRIs before and after preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (intraarterial Cisplatin and intravenous Adriamycin, 3 cycles). Volume measurement, using ellipsoid formula from maximal length, width and depth of the tumor on plain radiograph and MRI, were calculated. Three dimensional summation of the tumor volume from MRI, with digitized scanner and software (MatLab. MatWork Inc, Natick, MA, USA) was also performed. Coefficient of variation (CV) of each method was compared. RESULTS: CVs for intra- and inter-observer variability in plain radiograph using ellipsoid formula were 9.4% and 11.7% in prechemotherapy and 8.1% and 9.3% in post chemotherapy. CVs for intra- and inter-observer variability in MRI using ellipsoid formula were 7.3% and 7.9% in prechemotherapy, and 7.6% and 8.2% in postchemotherapy in T1 weighted image (T1WI) , 6.7% and 7.1% in prechemotherapy and 6.5% and 7.6% in postchemotherapy in T2 weighted image (T2WI), and 7.8% and 8.5% in prechemotherapy and 8.2% and 8.7% in postchemotherapy in Gd-DTPA enhanced image (GdEI) . CVs for intra- and inter-observer variability in MRI using three dimensional summation of tumor volume were 2.4% and 3.2% in prechemotherpay and 2.7% and 3.4% in postchemotherapy in T1WI, 1.2% and 1.4% in prechemotherapy and 1.3% and 1.4% in postchemotherapy in T2WI, and 3.8% and 4.5% in prechemotherapy and 3.1% and 4.6% in postchemotherapy in GdEI. CONCLUSION: There was higher reproducibility, that is lower CV, in three dimensional summation of tumor volume in T2WI. The statistically significant volume change after chemotherapy was 4.2% decrease or increase in volume compared with its original tumor volume in T2WI.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cisplatin ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Extremities ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Observer Variation ; Osteosarcoma* ; Radiography ; Tumor Burden

PURPOSE: Hemangioma of the extremity is a painful soft tissue tumor. Many treatment modalities (surgical excision, sclerotherapy, radiation, etc) have been used, but results have rarely been reported. This study addressed the efficacy of surgical excision on hemangioma of the extremities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty cases were analysed, all diagnosed as hemangioma between January 1994 and September 2001, and were followed up for at least 1 year. The male to female ratio was 31: 49, and the mean age 22.1 years. Sixty-one of the cases received surgical treatment, nine cases sclerotherapy, and the other ten cases received both. RESULTS: The main complaint of 54 of the 71 people who received surgery, was pain. After surgery, 49 were completely relieved of pain, and the reminder showed more than 50% pain relief. The mean size of the mass was 6x4 cm, and in 49 cases, it was larger than 5 cm. Hemangioma recurred in 4 patients (5.6%), 3 of the 4 received sclerotherapy and surgical treatment, only one received excision. Complications requiring surgical treatment occurred in only 2 patients (2%). The most common type was cavernous hemangioma which occurred in 51 cases (71.8%). Nineteen patients who received sclerotherapy showed reduced pain to about 50% average. Retreatment was required after a 1.5 years interval. CONCLUSION: Surgical excision is a reliable treatment for pain relief and for removing symptomatic hemangioma.
Extremities* ; Female ; Hemangioma* ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; Humans ; Male ; Retreatment ; Sclerotherapy