No abstract available.
Infectious Mononucleosis*

A survey for nematode and cestode parasites of rodents in Korea has been carried out at the areas of Chulwon, Kumwha, Pochon, Paju and Chungpyong, Kyunggi-Do. A total of 300 rodents of seven species was examined, comprising of 219 A. agrarius, 33 R. norvegicus, 8 R. alexandrinus, 14 Mus musculus yamashinai, Microtus fortis pellceus, 21 Crocidura russula and a Cricetulus trition nester. The following fifteen species belonging to thirteen genera were identified: NEMATODA: Heterakis spumosa, Syphacia obvelata, Nippostrongylus muris, Protospirura muris, Capillaria hepatica, Capillaria sp., Heligmosomum sp., Heligmosomoides sp., Rictularia sp. and Gongylonema sp. CESTODA: Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta, Raillietina coreensis, Paranoplocephala sp. and Cysticercus fasciolaris(the larva of Taenia taeniaeformis).
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-cestoda ; Heterakis spumosa ; Syphacia obvelata ; Nippostrongylus muris ; Protospirura muris ; Capillaria hepatica ; Capillaria sp. ; Heligmosomum sp. ; Cysticercus fasciolaris ; Taenia taeniaeformis ; epidemiology ; rodent

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Leukemia*

BACKGROUND: The studies related to induced hypotention using propofol were rare. So we studied the effectiveness of propofol as induced hypotensive agent in brain aneurysmal surgery. METHODS: The hemodynamic changes during induced hypotension with propofol (propofol-group) and isoflurane(isoflurane group) were observed in patients undergoing aneurysmal surgery. Twenty patients were allocated randomly to receive propofol induction and maintenance, or thiopental sodium induction and isoflurane maintenance for anesthesia. Both groups also received fentanyl, vecuronium, nitrous oxide and oxygen. These hypotensive effects were evaluated before, during and after induced hypotension. Hemodynamic changes were evaluated by measuring systemic arterial blood pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance. We also compared the ventilatory effect of hypotensive anesthesia by blood gas analysis. RESULTS: There were no significant changes of heart rate, cardiac output, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, central venous pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance before, during and after induced hypotension in both group. Mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance were significantly decresed during induced hypotension (p<0.05). There were no significant changes of PO2, PCO2, HCO3 , base excess before, during and after induced hypotension in both group. CONCLUSION: Propofol is also an effective hypotensive agent comparable to isoflurane.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Aneurysm ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Cardiac Output ; Central Venous Pressure ; Fentanyl ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Hypotension* ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Isoflurane ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Propofol* ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Thiopental ; Vascular Resistance ; Vecuronium Bromide

The CD8(+)CD28(+) T cells have known to mediate major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytolysis and to secret an HIV-1 inhibitory factor. As HIV infection lead to dramatic changes within the cellular immune system, the cellular cytotoxicities decrease in the duration of the HIV infection. To determine the importance of the cellular cytotoxicities in long-term nonprogression, we tried to compare CD28 expression on total T, CD4(+) T, and CD8(+) T cells as one of methods for cellular cytotoxicity measurements between long-term nonprogressor and normal person or between long-term nonprogressor and rapid progressor. The median percentages and counts of CD4(+) T cells of the norrnal, the long-term nonprogressor, and the rapid progressor groups were 39.9 and 0.96 * 10(9) cells/L, 24.6 and 0.58 * 10(9) cells/L, 9.9 and 0.15 * 10 cells/L, respectively. As a result of comparison of the cells having CD28 surface molecules on CD8(+) T cells in the long-term nonprogressor and the rapid progressor group, they showed over 5 times lower than that in the normal group. Especially, the long-term nonprogressor regarded to the healthy HIV-infected patient showed much lower CD28 expression on total T, CD4(+) T, and CD8(+) T cells than those of the normal person. The proportions of CD4'CD28 T and CD3CD28 T cell subsets showed the significant difference between the LTNP and the RP group. In conclusion, although HIV-infected patients were LTNPs having the steady CD4(+) T cell counts and no clinical symptoms, we suggested that HIV led to abnormality within the lymphocyte subsets such as the altered expression of CD28 molecules on various T cell subsets and this result would cause deficiency of host immune function and failure of control of HIV replication by anergy in T cell subsets.
Cell Count ; HIV ; HIV Infections ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Immune System ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets* ; T-Lymphocytes

The anthelminthic effect of phenylene-diisothiocyanate-(1,4)(=Jonit) was studied on the eighty three cases infected with Ancylostoma duodenale. For the evalution, the number of eggs per gram of feces on all these cases was calculated before treatment. The follow-up for the egg reduction was carried out over a period of four weeks. The sixty-seven cases were treated in dosage schedule of 3 x 100 mg every 12 hours. The cure rates - the rate of negative conversion of eggs - was 74.6 percent and the total egg reduction rate of 94.2% was obtained. The ten out of 14 cases treated in the dosage schedule of 2 x 100 mg every 12 hours showed 100% egg reduction and the cure rate was 71.4%. In this group. the total egg reduction rate of 78.6% was noted. In the dosage schedule of 2 x 50 mg every 12 hours the remainder, two out of total 83 cases showed 100% egg reduction. Side effects were observed as being mild, 51 cases (56.6%) were free of side reactions and the most frequently noted side effects were vertigo and diarrhea. From the above results, it is concluded that Jonit is an effective antheminthic against Ancylostoma duodenale and its effectiveness is quite equivalent to that of a known recommended anti-hookworm products.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Ancylostoma duodenale ; chemotherapy ; phenylene-diisothiocyanate ; Jonit

PUPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the serum tumor markers CEA, CA 19-9, and CA 72-4 in monitoring the recurrence of gastric cancer and in its preoperative assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred fifty-five patients who underwent potentially curative surgery during period from January 1995 to December 2000 at the Department of Surgery were assessed. Serum samples were obtained preoperatively, 2 weeks after the surgery, and at 6-month intervals. The cut-off levels were established as 5 ng/ml for CEA, 36 U/ml for CA 19-9, and 4 U/ml for CA 72-4. The tumor stage was described according to the 5th edition of the Union Internationale Contra la Cancer (UICC) TNM classification in 1997. RESULTS: The preoperative positivities were 10.5% for CEA, 9.7% for CA 19-9, and 12.4% for CA 72-4. The serum levels of the three tumor markers decreased after curative surgery. The preoperative serum levels of the three tumor markers were significantly related to the depth of invasion, the tumor size, lymph-node metastasis, the pathologic stage, and recurrence, except that CEA was not associated with tumor size. The marker sensitivities in recurrent cases were 43.3% for CEA, 41.8% for CA 19-9, and 50.0% for CA 72-4, and the marker specificities were 85.1% for CEA, 96.8% for CA 19-9, and 87.8% for CA 72-4. CONCLUSION: The preoperative serum levels of CEA, CA 19-9, and CA 72-4 are not useful for the initial diagnosis of gastric cancer because of their low positivity. However, we should consider their relationship with depth of invasion, lymph-node metastasis, tumor size, pathologic stage, and recurrence. Also, the follow-up levels of the three markers have a statistical relationship with recurrence of gastric cancer even though their sensitivities are low.
Classification ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Biomarkers, Tumor*

Osteomas in the head and neck regions are uncommon benign lesions and usually found in the front ethmoid area. Temporal bone osteoma is an extremely rare entity. When it is located in the temporal bone, it may cause various symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, facial palsy and cosmetic deformities such as auricular protrusion and external mass. We report, with a short review of the relative literature, a case of large osteoma that originated from a squamomastoid portion of the temporal bone in a female patient of 20 years old.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Facial Paralysis ; Female ; Head ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Neck ; Osteoma* ; Temporal Bone ; Tinnitus ; Vertigo ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Although the pro-convulsant or anticonvulsant properties of propofol remain a matter of controversy, it is evident that propofol can produce involuntary movement. Such movement is a relatively common side effect, especially in children, and may be dose-related or injection rate-related. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of injection rate upon involuntary movement during propofol induction in children. METHODS: Children (age 3-14 yr) undergoing elective Eye and ENT surgery were randomly allocated to one of 4 groups based on the propofol injection rate (A, manual/15 s; B, 360 ml/hr; C, 200 ml/hr, D, 100 ml/hr) using a manual injection method and syringe pumps. No premedication was used. The induction dosage of propofol was 3 mg/kg in all groups. Fentanyl 1mcg/kg and 1% lidocaine 1-2ml were given I.V. before propofol. Involuntary movement was graded 0-2 on severity. The infused dose of propofol at movement was measured. Movement due to pain or mask fitting was not regarded as an involuntary movement. All results were analyzed using the Chi-Square Test and ANOVA. RESULTS: 595 children were studied. Age, gender, and weight were similar in the 4 groups. Involuntary movements were apparent in 179 (30.1%) of the 595 subjects. Movements were significantly less in group A (12.4%) and B (16.4%) compared to group C (46.6%) and D (45.3%). The grades of movement were not different among the 4 groups. The durations of movement in group A and B were significantly short compared to group C and D. The infused dose of propofol (mg/kg) at movement was higher in group C (2.65+/-0.62) than in A (1.99+/-0.62) and B (2.43+/-0.78). There were no significant hemodynamic and SPO2 changes during and after the propofol injection. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that slow injection may increase the incidence of involuntary movement during propofol induction in children. Since the bolus injection rates are usually slow in most syringe pumps, manual injection for 10 15 s may be a better choice for smoother induction, as it requires fewer interventions to prevent venous catheter displacement in children.
Catheters ; Child* ; Dyskinesias* ; Fentanyl ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lidocaine ; Masks ; Premedication ; Propofol* ; Syringes