No abstract available.
Chromosome Deletion*

The author observed clinical study and response of -interferon treatment of 43 cases of chronic hepatitis who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics Pusan National University College of Medicine during the period of 4 year 6 months from Jenuary, 1988 to Jun, 1992. The results were as follows: 1) Of 43 patients with chronic hepatitis, CPH was 17 cases (39.5%) and CAH was 26 cases (60.5%). 2) Of 43 patients, chronic hepatitis caused by HBV was 37 cases (86.0%) 2 cases were by Wilson's disease, 1 case was by glycogen storage disease and in the 3 cases, the cause was undetermined and CPH by HBV and CAH were 14 cases (82.4%), 23 cases (88.5%) respectively. 3) A peak frequency (46.5%) of chronic hepatitis occurred between 6 to age and male predominated in a propotion of 3.5:1. 4) On the clinical manifestation, jaundice and hepatomegaly was higher frequency on CAH than on CPH. 5) On the laboratory findings, CAH had higher serum ALT and direct bilirubin level than CPH. 6) On effect of -interferon treatment for patients of CAH, serum ALT and AST levels normalized in 81.8% of patients, negative conversion of HBeAg was 38.5%, Anti-HBe serocoversion was 7.7%, negative conversion of HBsAg was 7.7% and the clearnce of HBV-DNA from seum showed 60.0%. 7) The HBeAg seroconversion (28.6%) on children of HBsAg(+) mother showed lower reponse than HBeAg seroconversion (50.0%) of HBsAg(-) mother after -interferon treatment for patients of CAH.
Bilirubin ; Busan ; Child* ; Glycogen Storage Disease ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B, Chronic* ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Male ; Mothers ; Pediatrics

Twenty two eyes of twelve infants with threshold or prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity were treated by using the Argon laser through an indirect ophthalmoscopic delivery system. Eyes that had persistent plus disease were retreated to the missed areas. Mean follow-up period was 8.1 months. 20 of 22 eyes were regressed and all of prethreshold ROP were regressed. Our results suggest that argon laser photocoagulation is as effective as cryotherapy in the treatment of ROP and excellent results can be obtained by treating prethreshold zone I or posterior zone II ROP. And laser treatment is better tolerated by infant, accurate, easy, less destructive and not requires general anesthesia.
Anesthesia, General ; Argon* ; Cryotherapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Light Coagulation ; Retinopathy of Prematurity*

To obtain adequate information of illumination and lens types for visual acuity test of low vision patient, the relation between various illumination and vision was evaluated. Visual acuity for near and effective lens types were examined. Among the 28 patients (of 36 eyes), intensities of illumination were set at 200, 500, 1000 and 2000lux and the lenses of biconvex, aspheric and aplanatic were tested. The best visible range of illumination for the low vision patients was 500-1000lux, with lower power diopter for the same visual acuity and with aspherin and aplantic lenses. Results attained by our study may be applied for appropriate condition of illumiation and type of lens in the low vision care.
Humans ; Lighting* ; Vision, Low ; Visual Acuity*

In most cases of chromosomal anomaly of congenital cataract, the cause is known as Down's syndrome. We experienced a case of bilateral congenital cataract in Trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome). A 3 year-old female who had been born from 37 year-old mother was visited to our hospital, with clinical diagnosis of bilateral congenital cataract. Her face was pathognomonic to Down's syndrome. Chromosomal study of peripheral blood showed that the total number of chromosome was 47, and karyotype was 47, XX, +21. The lens showed nuclear opacity. Aspiration and Discission of the cataract on both eyes were performed uneventfully.
Adult ; Cataract* ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Down Syndrome* ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Mothers

PURPOSE: This study was performed to find the adequate number of removed lymph nodes to achieve an acceptable false-negative rate when performing sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer. METHODS: A total of 179 sentinel node biopsies combined with conventional axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer were performed between November 2003 and June 2007. RESULTS: The overall identification rate of sentinel lymph node and the false negative rate of the biopsy were 95.0% and 8.1%, respectively. Yet the false negative rate of the biopsy was lowered as the number of the removed nodes was increased. Especially, the false negative rate was 0% when more than 4 lymph nodes were removed. CONCLUSION: We recommend that four lymph nodes should be removed to obtain accurate results in sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer.
Biopsy ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Nitriles ; Pyrethrins ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

PURPOSE: To investigate the teratogenic potential of dopamine using a topical method of application to the developing Korean native chick embryo. METHODS: A 5 pg(0.05cc) of dopamine was applied to a 3-days-old chick embryo and the same amount of saline solution was applied as control. The embryo was then returned to the incubator and monitored. After 3 weeks the embryo was sacrificed and examined for cardiovascular malformation. RESULTS: The survival rate of the dopamine-administered group was not significantly lower than that of the control group(32.2% vs 41.5%). Cardiovascular malformation rates between the two groups were 14.3% and 2.6%, respectively. The dopamine-administered group had significant higher malformation rate(P=0.049). The type of malformation was ventricular septal defect and no aortic arch anomaly. In the control group, one trabecular type was observed. In the dopamineadministered group, malformations were 3 trabecular ventricular septal defects(VSDs), 2 infracrista VSDs, 1 inlet VSD and 1 large supracrista VSD. These results were quite different from each other. CONCLUSION: We proposed that low doses of dopamine influence the cardiovascular morphogenesis through -1 receptor weakly or through dopaminergic receptor.
Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Bays ; Chick Embryo ; Dopamine* ; Embryonic Structures ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart* ; Incubators ; Morphogenesis ; Sodium Chloride ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: There are questions about selecting the best postoperative chemotherapeutic regimen for breast cancer patients who have different response rates after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to examine the pathologic findings of residual tumors according to the response rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. METHODS: We obtained specimens of residual tumors from 43 breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by curative operation at the Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Sacred Heart Hospital, between Oct. 2002 and Oct. 2006. Four patients received 3 cycles of FAC (5-FU, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide) and 39 patients received 3 cycles of AT (Adriamycin, Docetaxel). We analyzed the pathologic characteristics according to the response rate. RESULTS: The clinical response rate for neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 69.8%. There was no significant difference in the response rate for neoadjuvant chemotherapy between the AT and the FAC regimen groups. The tumors of the complete response group showed to be more ER-negative, PR-positive, p53-negative and c-erb-B2-positive and they had a lower Ki-67 staining index than the tumors of the partial response group. Moreover, the tumors of the clinical complete response group showed more triple (ER/PR/c-erb-B2) negative tumor than did the tumors of the partial response group. CONCLUSION: Although the tumor responded to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the pathologic findings of the residual tumors in the clinical complete response group differed from that of the partial response group. So, this should be considered for the selection of postoperative chemotherapeutic agents.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Doxorubicin ; Heart ; Humans ; Neoplasm, Residual

We experienced a case of G deletion syndrome II in a 8 year and 1 month old boy. He showed mental retardation, microcephaly, high arched palate, low set malformed ears, epicanthal fold, thoracic deformity, tracheomegaly and two lumens of esophagus. Chromosomal study showed the deletion of long arm of chromosome 22, kariotypically he was depicted as 46, XY, 22q-. A brief review of literature was also presented.
Arm ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intellectual Disability ; Male ; Microcephaly ; Palate

OBJECTIVE: We determined whether the relationship between the neuropsychological performance of patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their psychopathological characteristics measured by disability evaluation are interrelated. In addition, we assessed which psychopathological variable was most influential on neuropsychological performance via statistical clustering of the same characteristics of mild TBI. METHODS: A total of 219 disability evaluation participants with mild brain injury were selected. All participants were classified into three groups, based on their psychopathological characteristics, via a two-step cluster analysis using validity and clinical scales from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and Symptom Checklist-90-revised (SCL-90-R). The Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (K-WAIS), Korean Memory Assessment Scale (K-MAS) and the Korean Boston Naming Test (K-BNT) were used to evaluate the neurocognitive functions of mild TBI patients. RESULTS: Over a quarter (26.9%) experienced severe psychopathological symptoms and 43.4% experienced mild or moderate psychopathological symptoms, and all of the mild TBI patients showed a significant relationship between neurocognitive functions and subjective and/or objective psychopathic symptoms, but the degree of this relationship was moderate. Variances of neurocognitive function were explained by neurotic and psychotic symptoms, but the role of these factors were different to each other and participants did not show intelligence and other cognitive domain decrement except for global memory abilities compared to the non-psychopathology group. CONCLUSION: Certain patients with mild TBI showed psychopathological symptoms, but these were not directly related to cognitive decrement. Psychopathology and cognitive decrement are discrete aspects in patients with mild TBI. Furthermore, the neurotic symptoms of mild TBI patients made positive complements to decrements or impairments of neurocognitive functions, but the psychotic symptoms had a negative effect on neurocognitive functions.
Adult ; Brain Injuries* ; Complement System Proteins ; Disability Evaluation* ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Memory ; MMPI ; Post-Concussion Syndrome ; Psychopathology ; Weights and Measures