No abstract available.
Dislocations* ; Elbow*

No abstract available.
Femur*

No abstract available.
Meconium* ; Peritonitis*

PURPOSE: Clinical and radiologic results of operative versus nonoperative treatment were compared in patients 70 years or older who had an unstable distal radius fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2007 to April 2009, 49 patients who had an unstable distal radius fracture treated nonoperatively (22 patients) or operatively (27 patients) were investigated. The radiologic results between the two patient groups were compared based on bone union, dorsal tilt, radial inclination and radial shortening. The clinical results were compared based on disabilities of arm, shoulder & hand (DASH) score, the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) score, the grip strength and the motion range of the wrist joint. RESULTS: At the last follow-up examination, DASH score, PRWE score, the flexion, supination and radial deviation of wrist joint and the grip strength did not showed significant difference. Among the patients who received non-operative treatments, 18 of 22 showed radiologically recognizable deformation; average dorsal tilt of 11.9degrees, the average radial inclination of 18.9degrees, and average radial shortening of 3.8 mm. The patients who received operative treatments showed average volar tilt of 3.3degrees, radial inclination of 18.8degrees+/-3.7degrees, and radial shortening of 1.5 mm. Three patients showed radiologically recognizable deformation. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that nonoperative treatment is initially recommended in patients with the age of 70 years or older who have an unstable distal radius fracture in terms of functional results.
Arm ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Radius ; Radius Fractures ; Shoulder ; Supination ; Wrist ; Wrist Joint

BACKGROUND: We report cases of high lead exposure in a Korean steel manufacturing company and a likely cause for these cases. CASE REPORT: Neurological examinations, neurobehavioral tests, blood tests, and urine tests were performed to detect an association between high lead exposure and physical symptoms for workers in a steel manufacturing company. In order to determine the cause of high lead exposure, the work process and environment was assessed. The highest lead exposure was during the work process. We found that the interior of an oil storage tank was coated with lead-containing paint, leading to severe exposure during the cutting process. In two observations, 4 of 12 workers diagnosed with occupational disease were found to have high exposure to lead from the storage tank and three had increased beta-2 microglobulin levels in the blood (indicative of urinary tract damage). CONCLUSIONS: Lead management, including routine measurements of the working environment and examinations of lead concentrations in workers, are needed in the korean scrap metal industry. In addition, rules requiring workers to wear personal protective equipment and receive education about lead exposure should be strictly enforced.
Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Neurologic Examination ; Occupational Diseases ; Paint ; Steel ; Urinary Tract

Polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine he types of human papillomavirus (HPV) causing condylomata acuminata in frozen tissues and paraffinembedded tissues of condylomata acuminata. HPV DNA was detected in 31 of 32 patients with condylomata aciminata. HPV 6 and/or 11, low-risk types in genital carcinogenesis, were present in all cases in whieh HPV was detected. Both types were present in 5 cases. It is, therefore, supposed that there is not much risk of this disease to transform to the invasive cancer in Korean and polymerase chain reaction can be used to deteet HPV and identify its type from paraffin-embedded tissues.
Carcinogenesis ; Condylomata Acuminata* ; DNA ; Human papillomavirus 6 ; Humans* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

The medial and lateral plantar nerves are branched from the tibial nerve and move to the tip of the toes. A variation of medial plantar nerve was found on the left side of a 78-year-old Korean male cadaver. The tibial nerve was divided into the lateral and medial plantar nerves beneath the plantar flexor. The medial plantar nerve passed deep to plantar aponeurosis and superficial to the flexor digitorum brevis. It gave off a common plantar digital nerve and then divided into three proper plantar digital nerves near the metatarsal bases. In this article, we report a superficial course of the medial plantar nerve and describe its unique morphology and discuss the clinical significance of this variation.
Aged ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; Tibial Nerve ; Toes

Renal involvement is one of the extra-articular manifestations found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Membranous glomerulonephopathy, membranoproliferative glomeruonophritis, secondary amyloidosis, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis are reported as pathologic diagnoses of renal involvement. However, reports of renal involvement in patients with RA and antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated pauci-immune glomerulonephritis are rare. Recently, we experienced two patients with RA who developed azotemia and were finally diagnosed with ANCA-associated pauci-immune glomerulonephritis. Because of the rarity of these cases, we report two cases in patients with RA with a literature review.
Amyloidosis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Azotemia ; Cytoplasm ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) during tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibiting therapy and to compare the incidence rate of uveitis in infliximab, adalimumab, and etanercept. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation was performed in AS patients who had started TNF-inhibiting therapy from June 2003 to June 2011. The clinical characteristics of patients with documented uveitis were evaluated. RESULTS: Among 316 patients treated with TNF inhibitor, 26 patients (8%) had experienced uveitis during TNF-inhibiting therapy. Among them, 15 patients were treated with etanercept, eight with adalimumab, and three with infliximab. The overall incidence rate of uveitis flare during therapy with TNF inhibitor was 46 per 1,000 person-years (pys) (95% confidence interval [CI], 32 to 64). The incidence rate did not differ between TNF inhibitors, with 54/1,000 pys (95% CI, 34 to 81) for etanercept, 46/1,000 pys (95% CI, 21 to 87) for adalimumab, and 22/1,000 pys (95% CI, 5 to 64) for infliximab. Fourteen patients experienced a first episode of uveitis. The overall incidence rate of new onset-uveitis after therapy with TNF inhibitor was 19 per 1,000 pys (95% CI, 10 to 31). The incidence rate for etanercept was 24/1,000 pys (95% CI, 12 to 45); adalimumab, 15/1,000 pys (95% CI, 3 to 45); and infliximab, 7/1,000 pys (95% CI, 0 to 40). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of uveitis flare or the cumulative uveitis-free rate among the three TNF inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The relative rate of uveitis, including the first episode, was determined using the TNF inhibitor. However, there was no difference in the incidence rate of uveitis among the three TNF inhibitors.
Humans ; Incidence* ; Korea* ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Uveitis* ; Adalimumab ; Infliximab ; Etanercept

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to find out clinical and radiological outcomes in 70 patients of both calcaneal fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 1993 to March 2011, 70 patients underwent non-operative management or operative management at our hospital. Conservative management was performed in 15 cases of undisplaced fracture (Group A). Operative management was performed in 125 cases including 32 cases of undisplaced fracture (Group B), 60 cases of joint depression type fracture (Group C), 33 cases of tongue type fracture (Group D). Results were evaluated by VAS score, AOFAS score, circle draw test, Bohler angle (BA), Gissane angle, width & height of calcaneus. RESULTS: VAS scores were 2.0 in group A, 2.0 in group B, 2.2 in group C, 2.7 in group D. AOFAS scores were 90.4 in group A, 91.9 in group B, 72.2 in group C, 79.2 in group D. Circle draw tests were 8.4 cm in group A, 10.1 cm in group B, 7.6 cm in group C, 7.9 cm in group D. Bohler angles (BA) and Gissane angles were 19.1degrees, 96.7degrees in group A, 21.8degrees, 119.1degrees in group B, 26.3degrees, 121.2degrees in group C, 19.7degrees, 119.7degrees in group D. Calcaneal widths and heights were 39.5 mm, 31.6 mm in group A, 32.7 mm, 37.0 mm in group B, 34.4 mm, 39.2 mm in group C, 35.2 mm, 38.7 mm in group D. CONCLUSION: The main cause of bilateral calcaneal fracture is an injury from a fall, and the cases were more frequently occurred in men than women. Also the fracture in the right side tend to occur more severely compared to the left side. The surgical treatment shows better results than conservative treatment in bilateral calcaneal fracture.
Calcaneus ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Tongue