IntroductionThe research was performed with a purpose of assessing the reality of first aid during road accidents in urban and rural areas, knowledge, attitude and practice of the population and risk groups and preparedness of primary care facilities.Materials and Methods30 cases were researched by epidemiologic approach. The observation covered 64 drugstores and shops in urban and rural areas and the action methods were applied to 1068 rural and urban people. ResultsThe percentage of totally-injured pedestrians is 66.7% in 30 cases of 23.3% received first aid. Although the first aid given to 40 percent of accident victims were people who accompanied them, such as drivers and other people, 66.7 percent of those first aids were not performed correctly while there was no the first aid available to the remaining 60%. There was no first aid material in all these cases. 50.7% of the total of 1068 participants involved in the KAP test had no knowledge on first aid, although a quarter of them attended a related training, 69.9% of them have never performed first aid personally, one of every two people had no material for emergency or there was such problem faced that they had no enough knowledge and experience of first aid. There is a first aid corner in 58.3% all drugstores and shops in Ulaanbaatar city and in 30.3% in rural places. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it shows that citizens have no enough KAP on first aid to provide during accidents and injuries: they have no materials for first aid. Training for the first aid is required for citizens. It is necessary make complex sets of first aid materials available in all trade units and to improve their usage commonly.