The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting family functioning of stroke patients. A descriptive survey research was conducted in which 65 stroke patients and their primary caregivers were conveniently sampled. Data were collected from July to September, 1998 through interviewing using a structured questionnare. The measuring instruments used were Barthel Index by Mahoney and Barthel(15 items), Quality of Relationship Scale by Archbold and Stewart(15 items), Role Stress of Caregiver Scale by Yang(14 items), Situational Definition Scale by Lee(9 items), Family Hardiness Index by McCubbin, McCubbin and Thompson(20 items), and Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale(FACES-III) by Olson, Portner, and Lavee(20 items). The obtained data were analyzed using percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson coefficients correlation by SAS/PC program. The results were as follows; 1. Role Stress of Caregiver was not severe and Quality of Relationship was moderate. The level of Situation Definition of primary caregivers was not high but Family Hardiness and Family Functioning were rather high. 2. The following relationships between research variables and demographic characteristics of the primary caregivers of stroke patients were significantly different; occupation of caregiver between Quality of Relationship, occupation of caregiver between Situational Definition, family type between Role Stress, caregiving duration between Family Hardiness, caregiving duration between Family Functioning, and hospitalization days between Family Functioning. 3. The correlations between research variables were as follows; There was positively correlated between patient's ADL and Quality of Relationship. The relationship of the patient's ADL between Role Stress was negatively correlated. Quality of Relationship between Situational Definition, Family Hardiness, and Family Functioning were significantly correlated. The correlation of Situational Definition between Family Hardiness, and Situation Definition between Family Functioning were very high. As a result of these findings, Quality of Relationship, Role Stress, Situational Definition, and Family Hardiness were useful variables for identifying Family Functioning of stroke patients. It is important for the rehabilitation nurse to be knowledgeable about family functioning of stroke patients to promote rehabilitation process.
Activities of Daily Living ; Caregivers ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Occupations ; Rehabilitation ; Stroke*

The purpose of this study was to develop a multidisciplinary team approach program for stroke survivors, and to identify its effects on their rehabilitation. The team was composed of 7 members: a rehabilitation nurse, a physician, a physical therapist, an occupational therapist, a therapeutic recreational therapist, a nutritionist, and a researcher. A quasi-experimental study was performed with 36 SUBJECTS: 18 in the experimental group and 18 in the control group, using a noneqivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The experimental group participated 4 times in rehabilitation programs-focused on information and emotional support provided by the rehabilation team - and received telephone counseling from the researcher. The control group did not receive any treatment. The selection criteria for the subjects in this study were: (a) patients who were diagnosed as having had an ischemic stroke within the last year, (b) patients free of any communication disorder, (c) and those having a primary caregiver who could assist in filling out the form assessing the level of ADL. The data were collected from patients who had been discharged from a tertiary hospital. between October 1st, 1999 and September 30th, 2000. The data were analysed by chi2test, Fisher's exact test, ANCOVA, Wilcoxon's rank sum test, and Wilcoxon's signed rank test using an SAS program. The results were as follows: 1. In terms of physical variables (blood pressure, grasp power, and ADL) 1) There was a significant difference in blood pressure between the two groups (systolic pressure p= .012, diastolic pressure P= .050). 2) There was also a significant difference in grasp power between the two groups (affected side: P= .012, unaffected side: P= .010). 3) There was no significant change in the level of ADL between the two groups. 2. In terms of psychosocial variables (depression, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and social activities) 1) There were no significant differences between the two groups. However, all four psychosocial variables showed a tendency to improve in the experimental group, while only two variables (depression and self-efficacy) showed a simalar tendency in the control group. 2) The level of social activities in the control group decreased significantly after a month (P= .050). 3. The level of life satisfaction improved in both groups, but no significant difference was found. Stroke has high recurrence rate and requires considerable follow-up care. The program used in this study was developed and designed for stimulting the rehabilitation process of stroke survivors. Through the program period of one month (meetings were held weekly), a positive effect was detected in physical variables, although the psychosocial variables did not improve significantly. In retrospect, a one month period may not be an adequate length of time to improve the psychosocial variables, as the stroke survivors were complicated cases, and most of them were elderly. Further research is therefore recommended by increasing the length of program, so that its effect can be more noticeable.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Caregivers ; Communication Disorders ; Counseling ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Nutritionists ; Patient Selection ; Physical Therapists ; Recurrence ; Rehabilitation* ; Stroke* ; Survivors* ; Telephone ; Tertiary Care Centers

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of sexual adjustment and quality of life in married men with spinal cord injuries and to furnish primary data to sexuality rehabilitation nursing practice which can lead to ideal sexual life and quality of life those men with SCl. Seventy married men with SCI were conveniently sampled in Kwangju, Suncheon, Mokpo and Seoul for responding the questionnaire, which was based on this research. With the research scale, SIS(Sexual interest and satisfaction) by Siosteen et al.. (1990) and SB(Sexual behaviour) by Kreuter et al.(1996) were used for the measurement of sexual adjustment. And, for measuring quality of life was used SCI QL-23(Spinal cord injury of life-23) scale by Lundqvist et al. (1997). Data were collected from January 20 to March 20, 1999, using a structured questionnaire. A hundred volumes of questionnaire were used, and 85 volumes were collected, 70 volumes were used as research data after excluding 15 volumes unsuitable to data analysis. The obtain data were analysed using percentage, t-test. ANOVA. Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation by SAS PC+ program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sexual interest and satisfaction of the subjects was 8.42, out of 18. The ways of their sexual behavior after spinal cord injuries were embracing and caressing (62.9%), kissing(58.6%), caressing breast with hands (55.7%), caressing breast with hands (52.9%), caressing genitals with hands (37.2%), caressing genitals with mouth(30.0%) and sexual intercourse (18.6%). The mean score of quality of life was 52.53 out of 100. 2. Age(F=3.24. p= .045) and caregiver (F=4.02. p=.022)were major variables which reveals significant differences in terms for sexual interest and satisfaction. The later results on Duncan's test showed that subjects who were in their 30s or 40s were significant higher than subjects whose age were in their 50s in their sexual interest and satisfaction. Also subjects with their spouse's care or mother's care were higher than those with other's care. 3. Subjects with incomplete paraplegia were higher than those with the complete paraplegia in sexual interest and satisfaction(F=3.01. p= .036). 4. Variables that showed the significant differences in the quality of life were education(t=2.860. p= .007) and period of marriage(t=2.125. p=.037). and occupational status(t=-2.161. p=.034). High school graduates. those who married before spinal cord injuries and those who didn't have occupation were higher than the other subjects. 5. Variables that revealed significant differences in the quality of life were time passage after spinal cord injuries(F=8.72. p=.001) and injured level of spinal cord(F=3.32. p= .042). Duncan's test showed that subjects who had lived for less than 4 years were higher those with time passage of 5-9 years and 10 years. Also subjects with lumbar injuries were higher than those with thoracic injuries in terms of quality of life. 6. There was negatively correlated between sexual interest and satisfaction and quality of life(r=- .256. p .05). As a result of these findings sexuality rehabilitation for individuals with SCI was very important issue for their quality of life. Thus, registered nurses who care clients with SCI should activily participate in the client's sexual needs. Also, various sexual behaviors as well as sexual intercourse should be encouraged for the sexual adjustment of client's with SCI.
Breast ; Caregivers ; Coitus ; Gwangju ; Hand ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Occupations ; Paraplegia ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation ; Rehabilitation Nursing ; Seoul ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexuality ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord* ; Statistics as Topic ; Thoracic Injuries

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study to analyze the relationship the activities of daily living(ADL), self-efficacy, and health promoting behaviors. METHOD: The research was a descriptive survey study. The subjects of this study were 115 hospitalized stroke patients to two General hospitals and one Oriental treatment hospital in G. Metropolitan. Data was collected through questionnaires from December 1st, 2003 to January 30th, 2004. The survey instruments used in the study Shah, Vanclay and Cooper's MBI(11 items), and Sherer and Maddux's self-efficacy(10 items), Walker, Sechrist, and Pender's HPLP(23 items) was developed by the researcher. The obtain data were analyzed with an SPSS 10.0 program using frequency, percentage, Cronbach's alpha, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULT: The results were as follows; The level of ADL the score was 50.5, self-efficacy 40.4, and health promoting behavior 54.6. There were significant differences of ADL by general and disease related characteristics as follows : for monthly income(F=2.72, p= .048), duration of stroke(F=7.98, p= .001), number of attack(F=5.21, p= .007), operation (F=17.88, p= .000). There were significant differences of self-efficacy by general and disease related characteristics as follows : for monthly income(F=4.83, p= .003), number of attack (F= 6.20, p=. 003), operation(F=4.03, p= .047). There were significant differences of health promoti ng behaviors by general and disease-related characteristics as follows : for aphasia(F=4.24, p=.042). There were significant correlated between ADL and self-efficacy(r= .698, p=.000), self- efficacy and health promoting behavior(r=.398, p= .000), ADL and health promoting behavior(r= .235, p= .011). CONCLUSION: As a result, There was a significant correlation between ADL, self-efficacy and health promoting behaviors. There will be considered useful nursing intervention effect to progress, support health promoting behavior of stroke patients.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Stroke*

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of follow-up care for stroke survivors on primary caregivers' quality of life. Quasi-experimental research was conducted in which an experimental group and a control group-each of 15 stroke survivors and their primary caregivers-were consecutively sampled. Data collected from July to September, 1999 by interview using a structured questionnaire with both the experimental and the control groups. After a month, the two groups were given the same questionnaire. The experimental group was also given a telephone follow-up every week for a month, as well as a home visit. The survey instruments used in this study were Saha and Cooper's Modified Barthel index (11 items) for checking the stroke survivors' level of activities of daily living, and a modified form of Jeong's Quality of life (18 items) for primary caregivers' QOL level. The obtained data were analyzed by percentage, t-test. chi-test. Kruscal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation coefficient by SAS/PC program. The results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in the stroke survivors' ADL level. though the level of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. 2. There was a statistical difference in the before and after treatment of the primary caregivers' QOL level. In conclusion. the follow-up a care program had useful effect on the quality of life of primary caregivers.
Activities of Daily Living ; Caregivers ; Follow-Up Studies* ; House Calls ; Humans ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Stroke* ; Survivors* ; Telephone

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify related factors of stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation of stroke survivors and analyze their relationship. METHOD: A sample of 106 stroke survivors completed face-to-face interviews. The levels of stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation were measured by the Neuman's stress, Multidimentional Scale Perceived Social Support and Han's Rehabilitation Motivation, respectively. The t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were conducted using the SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: The mean scores of stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation were 3.3 (SD=0.76), 3.2 (SD=0.88), and 3.4 (SD=0.49) respectively. Compared to stroke survivors who had no spouses, those with spouses had a lower level of stress (t=9.52, p=.003), a higher level of social support (t=7.32, p=.008) and a higher level of rehabilitation motivation (t=15.39, p=.001). The rehabilitation motivation was significantly higher in stroke survivors with higher education (F=5.00, p=.001), more monthly income (F=15.39, p=.001), greater income satisfaction (F=3.80, p=.026), shorter duration of disease (F=3.64, p=.030) and absence of dysarthria (t=6.81, p=.010). Stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation are significantly related with each other. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that these significant factors should be considered when caring for stroke survivors.
Dysarthria ; Humans ; Motivation ; Spouses ; Stroke ; Survivors

This study was a descriptive research in search of a nursing intervention scheme to improve stroke patients' quality of life by understanding the relationship of stroke patients' ADL. depression, self-efficacy and quality of life with various variables and identifying factors that affect their quality of life. Each subject was interviewed one to one based on a structured questionnaire. With regard to research tools, Modified Barthel Index (MBI: Fortinsky et al., 1981), which was translated by Choi, Hye-sook (996), was used in measuring ADL, Randloff's (1977) tool. which was translated by Choi, Soon-hee, was used in measuring depression, and the tool developed by Sherer et al. (1982), which is to measures self-efficacy under general conditions not limited to specific conditions, and modified by O, Bok-ja (1994) was used in measuring self-efficacy. The quality of life was measured using the scale of satisfaction of life developed by Diener et al.(1985). The results of this study were as follows: 1. The means of ADL of the subjects was 79.5+/-1.9, depression 26.8+/-0.4. self-efficacy 47.1+/-5.7, and the quality of life 12.3+/-.9. 2. The subjects' quality of life showed a statistically significant difference according to gender (t=7.9, p= .006), satisfaction with income (F= 5.8, p = .004), the burden of medical fee (F=3.7, p= .028) and the period of disease (F=2.8. p= .042). 3. With regard to relationship among ADL, depression, self-efficacy and the quality of life, ADL was in a relatively low positive correlation (r= .293, p= .003) with and the quality of life, depression in a high negative correlation (r=- .634. p= .000) with the quality of life. and self-efficacy in a positive correlation with the quality of life (r= .388. p= .000). 4. Factors that made a significant influence on the quality of life were depression (8=- .309. p= .001) and satisfaction with income (8=-2.611. p= .001). Based on these results, this study made following suggestions: 1. It is necessary to run rehabilitation programs to improve stroke patients' ADL, depression and self-efficacy. 2. It is necessary to perform research of monitoring stroke patients' quality of life in various areas using measuring tools.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Depression* ; Fees, Medical ; Nursing ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation ; Stroke*

No abstract available.
Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Enterotoxins* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Gene Expression* ; Humans* ; Intestinal Mucosa*

No abstract available.
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*