Hantavirus is a genus of the Bunyaviridae family causing two serious diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Puumala virus is a member of hantavirus originally found in Europe, and its natural reservoir is Clethrionomys glareolus. It is also associated with the hurnan disease nephropathia epidemica, a milder form of HFRS. To identify the hantaviruses in bats, bats were collected from Jeong-Sun, Won-Joo, Chung-Ju and Hwa-Cheon area in Korea, and nested RT-PCR was performed with serotype specific primer from M segment. Interestingly, Puumala virus was detected in bats (Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum) only from Won-Joo. The 327 bp nested RT-PCR product, was sequenced. The sequence database search indicates that the sequence is homologous to the published sequence of Puumala viruses. The sequence similarities were ranged from 71% to 97%. The highest sequence similarity was 97% with Puumala virus Vranicam strain, and the lowest was 71% with Puumala virus K27 isolate. Puumala virus Vranicam strain was isolated from a bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) in Bosnia-Hercegovina. Puumala virus K27 was isolated from human in Russia. This analysis confirms that bats (Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum) in Korea are natural reservoir of Puumala virus.
Arvicolinae ; Base Sequence ; Bunyaviridae ; Chiroptera* ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Europe ; Hantavirus ; Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea* ; Puumala virus* ; Russia ; Sequence Analysis*

Removal of leukocytes from blood components may prevent alloimmunization to leukocyte antigens, febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions, transmission of leukotropic viruses or bacteria, and graft-versus-host disease. New surface-modified fibrous polyester filters were evaluated; they require no special processing of blood components and can be used at the patient's bed-side. Pall RC100TM(Pall Co., USA) was used to filter 2 units of RBCs at a time for a total of 8 filtrations: mean red cell recovery rate was 88.7%, mean WBC removal rate 99. 99%, and mean residual WBC count after filtration 2.77x 10 5. Twelve units of apheresis platelets were filtered with Pall PL50TM(Pall Co., USA): mean platelet recovery rate was 90.7%, mean WBC removal rate 99.95%, and mean residual WBC count after filtration 6.99 x 10 5. This study indicates that these filters efficiently remove WBCs without significant loss of red cells or platelets and that this kind of filters can be easily used at the patient's bed side.
Bacteria ; Blood Component Removal ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Blood Platelets ; Filtration ; Graft vs Host Disease ; HLA Antigens ; Leukocytes* ; Polyesters

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to empirically investigate the determinants on oxygen free radical degree which causes biological damage focusing on smoking habit and health behaviors in daily life. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, the subjects were adult males who submitted free radical tests among the examinees of the comprehensive medical testings at an university hospital in Suwon from 2008 to 2010. Total 497 samples were used in analyses for clarifying the relations of free radical degree to age, smoking, obesity, and other health behaviors. RESULTS: First, the degree of oxygen free radical increases by 0.164 as the age group increases (P<0.05). Second, the degree of oxygen free radical increases by 0.547 as the smoking habit increases (P<0.001). Third, the degree of oxygen free radical increases by 0.087 as the exposure to hazardous factors in workplace increases (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the study imply that the smoking habit has more great influence on the increase of oxygen free radical in body than any other health behaviors. The causality of free radical to smoking and health behavior was not identified due to the limit of the cross-sectional study so it needs to be studied prospectively in the future.
Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Free Radicals ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Oxygen ; Smoke ; Smoking

Ultrasonic evaluation of the pylorus was performed in a group of 22 infants clinically suspected of having Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (CHPS), from march 1990 to July 1991. In every case the diagnosis of CHPS was confirmed by surgery. Ten normal babies served as the control group. 1) In CHPS group, the mean age on admission was 36.7 +/- 16.4 days, and male to female ratio was 19.3. In control group, the mean age was 33.7 +/- 18.7 days, with the sex ratio of 8 : 2, male predominating. 2) In CHPS group, the mean age of symptom onset was 18.6 +/- 12.7 days, the majority occurring between 2 to 3 weeks (13 cases : 59%). 3) The ultrasonographic measurements showed that the pyloric muscle thickness of CHPS group was 4.94 +/- 1.35 mm (mean+/-S.D), nearly four times greater than that of the control group with 1.30 +/- 0.17mm, whereas the pyloric canal length of CHPS group (18.03 +/- 1.84mm) was increased significantly, but only by 50%, compared with the control group (11.54 +/- 1.70). 4) In CHPS group, operative measurements of pyloric muscle thickness was 5.20+/-1.23mm, not significantly differing from the sonographic measurement, while pyloric canal length measured 22.13 +/- 3.45mm, significantly larger than ultrasonographic measurement. This indicates that the pyloric muscle thickness measured on preoperative ultrasonogram may provide more significant diagnostic value than the pyloric canal length. 5) If the diagnostic criteria for CHPS were taken as pyloric muscle thickness above 4mm and pyloric canal length above 16mm, 21 out of 22 cases (99.4%) were diagnosed correctly.
Diagnosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Pylorus ; Sex Ratio ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography

Of 22 cases of strabismus having surgical operations designed on the basis of A-scan ultrasonography, 19(86%) had less than 10 prism diopters eso-or exodeviation at least 2 months postoperatively; 19 exo-and 3 esodeviations were included in the series. Among 3 cases which had more than 10 prism diopters deviation at final follow up, a true divergence excess type exotropia and a nonaccommodative convergence excess type esotropia were included. With the exception of these 2 cases, 19 among 20 basic tropias(95%) had less than 10 prism diopters deviation. A-scan ultrasonography was done preoperatively to find the diameter and thus the circumference of the globe. This was used with the angle of deviation to estimate the amount of recession and/or resection necessary to correct the deviation. Attention was drawn not to exceed the safe range of recession by considering the oculomotor equator.
Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Strabismus* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the effects of heat therapy on low back pain, blood pressure and pulse rate after percutaneous coronary intervention. METHOD: The participants in this study were 40 patients who were admitted after having percutaneous coronary intervention. The experimental group, 20 patients, had heat therapy and the control group, 20 patients, maintained a supine position for 12 hours after the intervention. Back pain (VAS), blood pressure and pulse rate were measured just after removal of the sheath, and at 2-hour intervals up to 6 hours. Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0. RESULTS: The experimental group had significantly lower VAS for low back pain (F=23.44, p=.001). However no significant differences were found between two groups for blood pressure and pulse rate. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that heat therapy is effective in reducing low back pain in patients who have had percutaneous coronary intervention. Therefore, heat therapy could be used as nursing intervention percutaneous coronary intervention.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Back Pain ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Supine Position

Recently, the size of the globe has been considered to be an important factor in determining the amount of correction in strabismus surgery. We operated on 88 cases of basic exotropia after measuring the axial length using A-scan ultrasonography. The amount of correction was calculated from the axial length and angle of deviation in each case. At least 2 months postoperatively, 77 cases(87%) had less than 10 prism diopters eso or exodeviation. Favorable results can be expected by introducing the size of the globe in determining the amount of correction in strabismus surgery.
Exotropia* ; Strabismus ; Ultrasonography

Recently, the size of the globe has been considered to be an important factor in determining the amount of correction in strabismus surgery. We operated on 88 cases of basic exotropia after measuring the axial length using A-scan ultrasonography. The amount of correction was calculated from the axial length and angle of deviation in each case. At least 2 months postoperatively, 77 cases(87%) had less than 10 prism diopters eso or exodeviation. Favorable results can be expected by introducing the size of the globe in determining the amount of correction in strabismus surgery.
Exotropia* ; Strabismus ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Chromatography, Liquid* ; Ciprofloxacin* ; Therapeutic Equivalency*