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Bacteroides fragilis is a Gram negative nonsporulating anaerobic rod bacterium that makes up about 1 to 2% of the norrnal human colonic microflora. In 1984, Myer et al. reported that some strains of B. fragilis produce enterotoxin and cause diarrheal disease in cattle and human. Since then it has been termed enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF). In this study, we tried to detect enterotoxin gene from 37 B. fragilis strains, isolated in Korean patients, to confirm the existence of ETBF and usefulness of PCR as a rapid diagnosis method. By this method, we identified 9 ETBF strains and confirmed their pathogenesis by cytotoxicity test. No significant cross- reactivity with other anaerobes or aerobes was observed. Thus, the PCR method may be considered useful for the sensitive and rapid detection of anaerobic infections. And the entire amplified PCR mixture was ligated into a pT7Blue T-vector and transformed into E. coli. When the nucleotide sequences of cloned PCR products were compared with reported enterotoxin gene, pBF529 inserted DNA sequence was nearly in good agreement with it but pBF570 inserted DNA sequence showed some difference at nucleotide 270-300. A search for nucleotide sequence homologies revealed that pBF529 exhibited 99%, but pBF570 indicated only 90% identity with reported enterotoxin gene. According to these results, it was suggested that ETBF toxin can be differentiated into at least 2 subtypes.
Animals ; Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Clone Cells ; Colon ; Diagnosis ; Enterotoxins* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

10.The Effect of Empowerment on Nursing Performance, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention in Hospital Nurses.

Eun Hee OH ; Bok Yae CHUNG

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2011;17(4):391-401

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of empowerment on nursing performance, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention in hospital nurses. METHODS: The subjects were 345 nurses at a general hospital in D city. Data were collected by structured questionnaire from January 10 to February 15, 2009. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression by SPSS win 17.0 program. RESULTS: The mean scores were 3.60(+/-.43) of empowerment, 3.80(+/-.38) of nursing performance, 3.49(+/-.55) of job satisfaction, 4.70(+/-.74) of organizational commitment, and 2.34(+/-.84) of turnover intention. Empowerment was correlated with nursing performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment positively, but correlated with turnover intention negatively. As a result of multiple regression, empowerment has 34.3% of the explanatory power on nursing performance, 24.0% on job satisfaction, 30.7% on organizational commitment, and 15.6% on turnover intention. CONCLUSION: Empowerment was a critical variable affecting nursing job performance, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover. Also, if various variable - active and adequate child-care support system, provided conditions continue to study, and adequate and appropriate compensation for nursing performance - affecting empowerment are managed, nurses' empowerment level will rise at the same time.
Compensation and Redress ; Hospitals, General ; Intention ; Job Satisfaction ; Power (Psychology) ; Surveys and Questionnaires

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3.Basolaterial Secretion of CXC Chemokines by Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Bacteroides fragilis Enterotoxin Via NF-kB Pathway.

4.Basolaterial Secretion of CXC Chemokines by Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Bacteroides fragilis Enterotoxin Via NF-kB Pathway.

5.Inflammatory Reaction in Intestinal Mucosa by Bacteroides fragilis Enterotoxin Stimulation: Regulation of Chemokine Gene Expression in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

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7.A Case of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia with Both Renal Enlargement.

8.Contamination of dermatophytes in the clothes of patients with tinea cruris.

9.The Detection of Enterotoxin Gene from Bacteroides fragilis Isolates in Korea by Polymerase Chain Reaction.

10.The Effect of Empowerment on Nursing Performance, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention in Hospital Nurses.

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