Objective To investigate the effects of estradiol replacement therapy on novel-object recognition and extinction of conditioned fear memory in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.Methods Sixty sexually mature (＞90 days) female SD rats weighing 250g-300g were used as subjects.The rats were randomly divided into 7groups as following:OVX with low dose of estradiol replacement (OVX + LD,0.1 mg · kg-1),medium dose (OVX + MD,0.3mg · kg-1) and high dose (OVX + HD,0.9mg · kg-1),estradiol replacement with medium dose at 2 weeks after OVX (MD + 2W) and 4 weeks after OVX (MD + 4W),OVX group and Sham group (SH).According to the different dose and time schedules,each group was administrated estradiol or vehicle via subcutaneous injection on the dorsal side of the rat.Estradiol maintained for one month after the surgery,and then the novel-object recognition and extinction of conditioned fear memory were tested.Results (1) The rats after OVX (5.83 ±4.5)s showed access-dependent impairments on novel-object recognition ((5.83 ± 4.5)s vs(27.14 ± 6.6)s,P ＜0.01) and the estradiol replacement therapy can reverse this impairment,but not in the HD group.There was an increase of the ability on novel-object recognition in group LD and MD + 2W as compared with group OVX,but the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,group MD (27.86 ± 2.6)s had a significant difference compared with group OVX (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The conditioned fear memory of rats after OVX (21.67 ± 2.0) ％showed significantly lower than group SH (56.81 ± 4.6) ％ (P ＜ 0.01).Chronic administration with estradiol enhanced acquisition of context fear,respectively (P ＜ 0.01),but except group HD and group MD + 4W.The group HD(18.43 ± 1.1)％ was negatively enhanced and the group MD +4W(25.25 ±2.5)％ was no difference compared with group OVX.(3) On extinction of conditioned fear memory,the OVX rats produced significantly less freezing by fear context (F =3.337,P ＜ 0.01),and estradiol treatment (except group MD + 4W)also facilitated the extinction of conditioned fear memory,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion These results demonstrate that estradiol may have a beneficial effect on the cognition function,and the improving effect is better when estradiol replacement is given at once depriving of sex hormone.

Objective To explore the applied value of the super-short exposure time of the DR adjustable control in radiography of infant chest.Methods 100 chest radiographic films of infant in adjustable control group and fixed control group respectively were selected randomly.The quality of all films was evaluated by 4 technicians in charge in 4 grades(A,B,C and waste)and the detective rate of the tiny parts of the images was also evaluated.Results DR adjustable control:the rate of grade A,B,C and waste was 70%,20%,10% and 0% respectively.DR fixed control:the rate of grade A,B,C and waste was 42%,41%,15% and 2% respectively.The detective rate of tiny parts was 100% and 90% in DR adjustable control group and DR fixed control group respectively.Conclusion DR adjustable control chest film in infant is better than DR fixed control in image quality.DR adjustable control system is good for radiographic diagnosis.

Objective To explore the application of the tracking scan technique in 16-slice spiral CT angiography, in order to improve the quality of CTA. Methods Three hundred patients who were divided into three groups randomly underwent CTA in tracking, testing and estimation scan respectively with GE LightSpeed 16-slice spiral CT. The data of all patients were transmitted to the workstation (AW4.2) and reconstructed. The quality of all images were evaluated by three experienced doctors with double-blind method and divided into four grades (A, B, C and D) from optimal to poor. Results The rate of grade A, B, C and D was 89.00%, 7.00%, 4.00% and 0 respectively for tracking scan, 70.00%, 11.00%, 15.00% and 4.00% respectively for testing scan, while 61.00%, 13.00%, 21.00% and 5.00% respectively for estimation scan. Conclusion Tracking scan technique is superior to testing and estimation scan in image quality of 16-slice spiral CT angiography.

According to the principle of the types of hemangioma and the special structure of lip,infantile hemangioma is divided into 7 types as follows:superficial skin hemangioma,lip skin composite hemangioma,lip skin deep hemangioma,lip mucosa superficial hemangiomas,lip mucosa compound hemangioma,lip mucosa deep hemangioma and full-thickness lip hemangioma.Special structure and function of lip leading to tumor growth uniqueness and particularity of typing.Application of long-pulse laser combined with optimized pulsed light therapy is effective in the treatment of lip hemangioma.

【Objective】 To explore the expression of checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), its association with the clinicopathological features and prognosis, and to predict its relevant molecular signaling pathways and biological functions. 【Methods】 The gene expression data, phenotype data, and corresponding survival information of ccRCC patients were downloaded from TCGA database. The optimal cutoff value of CHEK2 was determined with the "survminer" package. The patients were divided into low and high expression groups, and the association between CHEK2 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed. The correlation between CHEK2 expression and ccRCC prognosis was evaluated with univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. The changes of cell signaling pathways involved in different CHEK2 expression levels were explored with gene set variation analysis (GSVA). The correlation between CHEK2 and immune cell infiltration as well as immune checkpoint molecular expression was analyzed. 【Results】 CHEK2 expression was significantly higher in ccRCC tissues than in normal tissues (P<0.01). Higher level of CHEK2 was significantly associated with higher T stage of ccRCC (P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed overall survival (OS) of patients with high CHEK2 expression were notably decreased (P<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed CHEK2 expression as an independent risk factor of survival (HR=1.950, 95%CI: 1.490-2.570, P<0.001; HR=1.588, 95%CI: 1.185-2.127, P=0.002). GSVA showed that CHEK2 was involved in the following pathways: proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation, propanoate metabolism, limonene and pinene degradation, fatty acid metabolism, primary immunodeficiency, systemic lupus erythematosus, p53 signaling pathway, homologous recombination, DNA replication and mismatch repair. Correlation analysis suggested that CHEK2 was associated with increased infiltration of multiple immune cells in ccRCC and upregulation of various immune checkpoint molecules. 【Conclusion】 The high level of CHEK2 in ccRCC is an independent predicting factor for poor prognosis. It is probably involved in regulating related events of tumor immune infiltration and may become a new target for ccRCC therapy.

In mammalian cells, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) form complexes with proteins to execute various biological functions such as gene transcription, RNA processing and other signaling activities. However, methods to track endogenous lncRNA dynamics in live cells and screen for lncRNA interacting proteins are limited. Here, we report the development of CERTIS (CRISPR-mediated Endogenous lncRNA Tracking and Immunoprecipitation System) to visualize and isolate endogenous lncRNA, by precisely inserting a 24-repeat MS2 tag into the distal end of lncRNA locus through the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In this study, we show that CERTIS effectively labeled the paraspeckle lncRNA NEAT1 without disturbing its physiological properties and could monitor the endogenous expression variation of NEAT1. In addition, CERTIS displayed superior performance on both short- and long-term tracking of NEAT1 dynamics in live cells. We found that NEAT1 and paraspeckles were sensitive to topoisomerase I specific inhibitors. Moreover, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) of the MS2-tagged NEAT1 lncRNA successfully revealed several new protein components of paraspeckle. Our results support CERTIS as a tool suitable to track both spatial and temporal lncRNA regulation in live cells as well as study the lncRNA-protein interactomes.