With the continuously exploration,in recent years,further understanding of anatomical characteristics of the cervical pedicle brings great breakthrough in cervical pedicle screw implantation.In addition,pedicle screw implantation in cervical spine is considered as a technique with high safety and reliability,which can be widely used in cervical trauma fracture,cervical instability,degenerative,inflammatory,benign or malignant tumor,deformity and other neck diseases.Because of the tremendous differences between upper cervical spine (C1,C2) and lower cervical spine (C3-7) in anatomical morphology,cervical pedicle screw implantation in C1 and C2 differs from in lower cervical spine.Due to the similar structure of C3-7,pedicle screw implantation methods are based on the same principle and sharing a few points in common.The pedicle screw technique can be classified in two groups according to the practice methods:navigation technology and manual placement of cervical pedicle screw.Navigation nailing is considered as reliable,easy handing,and with clear operative vision,however,with disadvantages as complex procedures,highly cost operation equipment,and risk in navigation draft.Therefore,manual placement of pedicle screw is more reasonable and practical comparing with the former.In this study,it analyzed anatomical characteristics of lower cervical pedicle and the measurement of pedicle structure,discussed technique of manual placement of pedicle screw in lower cervical spine and biomechanical study of pedicle screw,and summed up the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of current representative manual placement technology.

OBJECTIVETo access left ventricular global deformation abnormalities during low-dose dobutamine stress test (DSE) by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography(3D-STE)in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), and explore the diagnostic value of 3D-STE combined with DES for NSTE-ACS.

METHODSForty-nine patients with suspected NSTE-ACS underwent DSE and coronary angiography with an initial dobutamine dose of 5 µg·kg(-1)·min(-1), which was doubled at 3-min intervals to the peak dose of 20 µg·kg(-1)·min(-1). The global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), territory longitudinal strain (TLS), and territory circumferential strain (TCS) of the left ventricular subendocardial myocardium were measured with 3D-STE at rest and at the peak-dose stage. Conventional echocardiography and 3D-STE parameters and their changes during DSE were evaluated, and their diagnostic values were analyzed according to the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

RESULTSAll the patients completed DSE uneventfully and 3D-STE showed a good reproducibility of the results. Compared with patients with non-NSTE-ACS, NSTE-ACS patients showed obviously reduced resting left ventricular global deformation function especially in terms of circumferential deformation (P<0.05); the ROC curves for the parameters were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). During DSE, the global deformation differences between the two groups further increased (P<0.01), and the diagnostic values of the peak-dose stage parameters were significantly greater than those of the resting parameters. ROC curves analysis showed that TLS and TCS at peak-dose stage had the highest diagnostic value for NSTE-ACS.

CONCLUSION3D-STE combined with low-dose DSE is a safe and effective noninvasive technique for accessing and identifying NSTE-ACS, and DSE can significantly enhance the diagnostic value of 3D-STE.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Coronary Angiography ; Echocardiography, Stress ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; Humans ; Myocardium ; pathology ; ROC Curve ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect of MHSP65-TCL on melanoma and its effect on the activity of the immunocytes.

METHODSMHSP65-TCL was prepared by mixing MHSP65 with TCL derived from B16 melanoma cell lysate by repeated freezing and thawing. The MHSP65-TCL vaccine was administered in mice bearing B16 melanoma, and the changes in melanoma growth was observed. To investigate the influence of TCL in MHSP65-TCL on the activity of the immunocytes, we co-cultured TCL and mouse spleen cells in vitro, and analyzed CD69 expression on the cells, cell apoptosis, and levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ in the cell culture supernatant.

RESULTSThe MHSP65-TCL vaccine showed an anti-melanoma effect in the tumor-bearing mice. In the in vitro experiment, TCL in MHSP65-TCL strongly stimulated the activation of mouse spleen cells while causing apoptosis in some of the immunocytes and promoting cellular IL-10 secretion, but not IFN-γ.

CONCLUSIONSMHSP65-TCL derived from B16 melanoma cells has an anti-melanoma effect mediated by the activation of immunocytes. TCL in MHSP65-TCL also has immunosuppressive effect on immunocytes possibly due to the presence of suppressive components in TCL, and identifying and eliminating these components may potentially improve the anti-tumor actovoty of MSHP65-TCL vaccine.

Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Bacterial Proteins ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Cancer Vaccines ; Cell Extracts ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chaperonin 60 ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Female ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Lectins, C-Type ; metabolism ; Melanoma, Experimental ; immunology ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Random Allocation ; Spleen ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; immunology

Parkinson′s disease is a common clinical degenerative disease of the nervous system, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a common sleep symptom of patients with Parkinson′s disease. This article reviews the pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, imaging manifestations, clinical evaluation and treatment of RBD in patients with Parkinson′s disease, in order to deepen the understanding of RBD in patients with Parkinson′s disease.

s:Objective To access left ventricular global deformation abnormalities during low-dose dobutamine stress test (DSE) by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3D-STE)in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), and explore the diagnostic value of 3D-STE combined with DES for NSTE-ACS. Methods Forty-nine patients with suspected NSTE-ACS underwent DSE and coronary angiography with an initial dobutamine dose of 5μg·kg-1·min-1, which was doubled at 3-min intervals to the peak dose of 20 μg ·kg-1 ·min-1. The global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), territory longitudinal strain (TLS), and territory circumferential strain (TCS) of the left ventricular subendocardial myocardium were measured with 3D-STE at rest and at the peak-dose stage. Conventional echocardiography and 3D-STE parameters and their changes during DSE were evaluated, and their diagnostic values were analyzed according to the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results All the patients completed DSE uneventfully and 3D-STE showed a good reproducibility of the results. Compared with patients with non-NSTE-ACS, NSTE-ACS patients showed obviously reduced resting left ventricular global deformation function especially in terms of circumferential deformation (P<0.05);the ROC curves for the parameters were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). During DSE, the global deformation differences between the two groups further increased (P<0.01), and the diagnostic values of the peak-dose stage parameters were significantly greater than those of the resting parameters. ROC curves analysis showed that TLS and TCS at peak-dose stage had the highest diagnostic value for NSTE-ACS. Conclusion 3D-STE combined with low-dose DSE is a safe and effective noninvasive technique for accessing and identifying NSTE-ACS, and DSE can significantly enhance the diagnostic value of 3D-STE.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of MHSP65-TCL on melanoma and its effect on the activity of the immunocytes. Methods MHSP65-TCL was prepared by mixing MHSP65 with TCL derived from B16 melanoma cell lysate by repeated freezing and thawing. The MHSP65-TCL vaccine was administered in mice bearing B16 melanoma, and the changes in melanoma growth was observed. To investigate the influence of TCL in MHSP65-TCL on the activity of the immunocytes, we co-cultured TCL and mouse spleen cells in vitro, and analyzed CD69 expression on the cells, cell apoptosis, and levels of IL-10 and IFN-γin the cell culture supernatant. Results The MHSP65-TCL vaccine showed an anti-melanoma effect in the tumor-bearing mice. In the in vitro experiment, TCL in MHSP65-TCL strongly stimulated the activation of mouse spleen cells while causing apoptosis in some of the immunocytes and promoting cellular IL-10 secretion, but not IFN-γ. Conclusions MHSP65-TCL derived from B16 melanoma cells has an anti-melanoma effect mediated by the activation of immunocytes. TCL in MHSP65-TCL also has immunosuppressive effect on immunocytes possibly due to the presence of suppressive components in TCL, and identifying and eliminating these components may potentially improve the anti-tumor actovoty of MSHP65-TCL vaccine.

s:Objective To access left ventricular global deformation abnormalities during low-dose dobutamine stress test (DSE) by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3D-STE)in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), and explore the diagnostic value of 3D-STE combined with DES for NSTE-ACS. Methods Forty-nine patients with suspected NSTE-ACS underwent DSE and coronary angiography with an initial dobutamine dose of 5μg·kg-1·min-1, which was doubled at 3-min intervals to the peak dose of 20 μg ·kg-1 ·min-1. The global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), territory longitudinal strain (TLS), and territory circumferential strain (TCS) of the left ventricular subendocardial myocardium were measured with 3D-STE at rest and at the peak-dose stage. Conventional echocardiography and 3D-STE parameters and their changes during DSE were evaluated, and their diagnostic values were analyzed according to the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results All the patients completed DSE uneventfully and 3D-STE showed a good reproducibility of the results. Compared with patients with non-NSTE-ACS, NSTE-ACS patients showed obviously reduced resting left ventricular global deformation function especially in terms of circumferential deformation (P<0.05);the ROC curves for the parameters were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). During DSE, the global deformation differences between the two groups further increased (P<0.01), and the diagnostic values of the peak-dose stage parameters were significantly greater than those of the resting parameters. ROC curves analysis showed that TLS and TCS at peak-dose stage had the highest diagnostic value for NSTE-ACS. Conclusion 3D-STE combined with low-dose DSE is a safe and effective noninvasive technique for accessing and identifying NSTE-ACS, and DSE can significantly enhance the diagnostic value of 3D-STE.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of MHSP65-TCL on melanoma and its effect on the activity of the immunocytes. Methods MHSP65-TCL was prepared by mixing MHSP65 with TCL derived from B16 melanoma cell lysate by repeated freezing and thawing. The MHSP65-TCL vaccine was administered in mice bearing B16 melanoma, and the changes in melanoma growth was observed. To investigate the influence of TCL in MHSP65-TCL on the activity of the immunocytes, we co-cultured TCL and mouse spleen cells in vitro, and analyzed CD69 expression on the cells, cell apoptosis, and levels of IL-10 and IFN-γin the cell culture supernatant. Results The MHSP65-TCL vaccine showed an anti-melanoma effect in the tumor-bearing mice. In the in vitro experiment, TCL in MHSP65-TCL strongly stimulated the activation of mouse spleen cells while causing apoptosis in some of the immunocytes and promoting cellular IL-10 secretion, but not IFN-γ. Conclusions MHSP65-TCL derived from B16 melanoma cells has an anti-melanoma effect mediated by the activation of immunocytes. TCL in MHSP65-TCL also has immunosuppressive effect on immunocytes possibly due to the presence of suppressive components in TCL, and identifying and eliminating these components may potentially improve the anti-tumor actovoty of MSHP65-TCL vaccine.

A good social network can ensure the safety of women during pregnancy and reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, there is currently relatively little research on the overall social network of pregnant women, and the influencing factors of the overall social network of pregnant women are not yet clear. This paper reviews the current situation, influencing factors, and measurement tools of the social network in pregnant women, aiming to improve their social network, help them access high-quality nursing resources, ensure the health of pregnant women and infants, and decrease the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the current status of the use and management of medical devices in various primary medical and health institutions under hierarchical medical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 450 medical personnel from 50 township and urban primary medical and health institutions of Shijiazhuang from May to August 2023 and a questionnaire network survey on the use and management of medical devices was conducted,which covered 16 items across three dimensions including the use of commonly used medical devices in primary medical institutions,maintenance and quality control management.Results:A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed and 450 valid questionnaires were collected,including 239 from township primary level medical institutions and 211 from urban primary level ones.According to the results of 211 urban primary level questionnaires,the proportions of the training and examination carried out by the medical staff of urban grass-roots medical and health institutions prior to the use of medical devices,understanding parameters of medical devices and timely detection of malfunction of medical devices were 62.6%(132/211),77.7%(164/211)and 70.1%(148/211),respectively,which were higher than those at the township primary level,the difference was statistically significant(x2=17.750,29.649,22.384,P<0.05).The proportions of urban primary medical and health institutions with maintenance system,inspection and maintenance standards,regular calibration provisions,and equipment calibration standards were 64.0%(135/211),53.6%(112/211),55.9%(118/211)and 55.0%(116/211),respectively,which were higher than those of the township primary level,the difference was statistically significant(x2=5.834,34.728,6.004,25.540,P<0.05).The difference was not statistically significant between urban primary level and township primary level in each item of quality control management(P>0.05).Conclusion:Primary medical and health institutions were required to strengthen training and assessment before medical and health personnel use medical devices;improve related system and standards for medical device maintenance;formulate quality control management system for commonly used medical devices;strengthen analysis and discussion processes after quality control,and promote continuous improvement of medical device quality management.