Recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage is a very serious cerebrovascular disease.Its incidence has shown a clear upward trend, and both disability and mortality have increased significantly compared to the first intracerebral hemorrhage. This article reviews the clinical classification, characteristics, risk factors, pathogenesis, and prognosis of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the application value of the modified Overlap method in digestive tract reconstruction of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG).Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 50 patients with gastric cancer who underwent TLTG with Overlap anastomosis between January 2016 and December 2016 in the Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University were collected.Twenty-six patients using classic Overlap method and 24 patients using modified Overlap method were respectively allocated into the classic Overlap group and modified Overlap group.All the patients underwent D2 lymph node dissection.Patients in the classic Overlap group underwent totally laparoscopic catastalsis side-to-side esophagojejunostomy.During digestive tract reconstruction in the modified Overlap group,there was no esophageal transection before anastomosis,and gastric fundus traction fully exposed to the lower esophagus.Esophagus was spun anticlockwise,and a hole was opened at the left posterior esophageal wall.Transection of jejunum was 25 cm away from Treitz ligment,and opening a hole at mesenteric margin was 6 cm away from distal jejunum to transected end of jejunum.Esophagus-distal jejunum side-to-side anastomosis was done using 60 mm linear stapler,and then laterally closing openings and transecting esophagus.Observation indicators:(1) intra-and post-operative recovery:total operation time,time of esophagus-jejunum anastomosis,volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of lymph node dissected,time to anal exsufflation,cases with complications and duration of postoperative hospital stay;(2) follow-up and survival.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect the postoperative tumor-free survival and tumor recurrence or metastasis up to March 2017.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s and comparison between groups was analyzed using the independent-sample t test.Comparison of count data was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.Results (1) Intra-and post-operative recovery:all the 50 patients underwent successful TLTG using Overlap method,without conversion to open surgery.Total operation time and time of esophagus-jejunum anastomosis were respectively (278.6± 14.9) minutes,(46.5 ± 4.4) minutes in the classic Overlap group and (253.3 ± 12.8) minutes,(20.4 ± 2.3) minutes in the modified Overlap group,with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (t =5.459,22.482,P＜0.05).Volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of lymph node dissected,time to anal exsufflation,cases with complications and duration of postoperative hospital stay were respectively (73±25) mL,34±6,(2.7± 1.0) days,2,(9.7± 1.6) days in the classic Overlap group and (71 ± 22) mL,35± 5,(2.6± 1.3) days,2,(9.8± 1.5) days in the modified Overlap group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =0.175,-0.616,0.293,-0.217,P＞ 0.05).Two patients in the classic Overlap group were respectively complicated with esophagus-jejunum anastomotic fistula and pancreatic leakage,2 patients in the modified Overlap group were respectively complicated with pulmonary infection and subcutaneous emphysema,and they were improved by symptomatic treatment.(2) Follow-up and survival:41 of 50 patients were followed up for 3-15 months,with a median time of 7 months,including 20 in the classic Overlap group and 21 in the modified Overlap group.During follow-up,patients had tumor-free survival,without tumor recurrence and metastasis.Conclusion Compared with classic Overlap method,the modified Overlap method can simplify the anastomotic procedures,shorten operation time and achieve similar efficacy,and it is also a simple and effective method for digestive tract reconstruction after TLTG.

Moyamoya disease is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular disease. Its disability rate and lethality rate are higher. The direct and indirect revascularization can increase cerebral blood flow and reduce the occurrence of cerebral ischemia and cerebral hemorrhage. This article reviews the pathophysiological basis of its surgical treatment, surgical timing, indications, surgical treatment methods and efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of self fixing mesh with " Y-shaped" placement in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair of female inguinal hernia.Methods:From February 2019 to September 2020, a total of 40 female patients who underwent TAPP (Keyhole method) in Shaanxi Provincial People′s Hospital were researched.Random number table method was used.According to different patch placement methods, the patients were divided into the self fixing mesh with " Y-shaped" placement group (21 cases) and with normal placement group (19 cases). The operative time, placement time, length of stay, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), postoperative complication were compared between two groups.Results:All 40 patients completed TAPP, and all patients were followed up successfully, with a median follow-up time of 12.5 months.The operation time and patch placement time were (54.9±9.0) min and (10.8±2.5) min in the Y-shaped placement method group and (62.8±11.2) min and (20.3±3.5) min in the conventional placement method group, respectively; the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t=2.490, P=0.017; t=.925, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in length of stay, VAS score 1 day after surgery and postoperative complications(all P>0.05). Conclusion:In laparoscopic female inguinal hernia repair (keyhole method), the " Y" shape placement method can effectively shorten the time of self fixing patch placement, thus shorten the operation time, and does not increase the risk of complications.

OBJECTIVETo compare the short-term efficacy of modified medial (M-M) with traditional medial(T-M) approach in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy(LRHC)/or extended laparoscopic right hemicolectomy(ELRHC) for right or hepatic flexure colon cancer.

METHODSA comparative, retrospective study was performed that included all the patients scheduled for LRHC or ELRHC for right or hepatic flexure colon cancer between June 2013 and August 2014. The following factors of two groups were assessed: patient characteristics, operative details, pathology, and surgical outcomes.

RESULTSA total of 99 patients were evaluated, including 52 patients in the M-M group and 47 patients in the T-M group. Age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiology(ASA) class, tumor location, diameter of tumor were not significantly different between the two groups. As compared to the T-M group, M-M group was associated with a significantly shorter operative time [(105.6±38.8) min vs. (138.2±39.5) min, P<0.05], less estimated mean blood loss[(38.4±12.4) ml vs. (87.2±24.6) ml, P<0.05] and lower intraoperative vascular damage rate [5.8%(3/52) vs. 25.5%(12/47), P<0.05]. There were no significant differences between these two groups in terms of intraoperative complications, CME, conversion rate, number of harvested lymph node, postoperative ileus, hospital stay, wound, lung and urinary system infections.

CONCLUSIONThe use of M-M approach in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy provides short-term benefits in operative time and estimated blood loss compared with traditional medial approach.

Case-Control Studies ; Colectomy ; Colon, Ascending ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Ileus ; Intraoperative Complications ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo compare the short-term efficacy between totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy(TLDG) with delta-shaped anastomosis (DS) and laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with BrillrothI ( anastomosis (BI(), and to evaluate the application of DS.

METHODSBetween March 2013 and February 2014, 50 patients underwent TLDG with DS using linear staplers, and 43 patients underwent LADG with BI( using circular staplers. Clinical features and short-term efficacy of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic indicators, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of removal lymph node, time to first flatus, incidence of complication and postoperative discharge day(all P>0.05). First-day postoperative pain was milder (3.1 ± 1.0 vs. 4.6 ± 1.4), and operative incision was shorter [(3.4 ± 0.4) cm vs. (6.9 ± 0.8) cm] significantly in TLDG with DS group(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONTLDG with DS is safe and feasible for patients with gastric cancer, and has more advantages in cosmetic and comfort level than LADG with BI.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms

OBJECTIVETo explore the technical feasibility, safety, and clinical efficacy of β-shaped Roux-en-Y reconstruction(β reconstruction) in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG).

METHODSClinical data of 21 patients with gastric cancer undergoing TLDG with β reconstruction from January 2014 to May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSTLDG with β reconstruction was successfully performed in all the patients. The mean time of operation and β reconstruction was (229.0±18.7) min and (27.5±4.2) min. The blood loss was (91.0±38.3) ml and number of dissected lymph node was 33.2±4.6 per patient. The length of upper and lower segment of resection from lesion was (5.9±0.4) cm and (3.2±0.8) cm. The average time to resume fluid diet, time to restore flatus and hospital stay were (2.1±0.8) d, (3.1±0.9) d and (5.9±2.4) d, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe β reconstruction is a safe and feasible procedure for TLDG and provides satisfactory short-term efficacy.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the phenylalanine hydroxylase( PAH)gene muta﹣tions in patients With phenylketonuria(PKU)in Guangxi region,in order to provide clinical data for genetic counseling and prenatal gene diagnosis. Methods Thirty－seven children diagnosed as PKU in the Maternal and Children＇s Hos﹣pital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Were enrolled in the study betWeen January 2009 and December 2017. Ve﹣nous blood Was collected and the PAH gene sequence Was determined by Sanger sequencing after amplification With the polymerase chain reaction technique. The neW gene mutations Were defined based on the national and international literature revieW and databases. MeanWhile,100 healthy individuals Were selected as the control group for gene sequen﹣cing to confirm Whether the mutation Was a neW one. Results Thirty－seven cases of PKU Were detected for 68 muta﹣tions,With the detection rate being 91. 89%(68／74). Six mutations Were identified in exon 7,Which accounted for 31. 08% of all,exon 12(18. 92%),exon 8(10. 81%)and exon 6(10. 81%)folloWed. A total of 25 different muta﹣tions Were identified Which including 14 missense mutations(56. 00%),7 nonsense mutations(28. 00%),3 splicing junction mutations(12. 00%),and 1 deletion mutation(4. 00%). The most common mutations included c. 1223G＞A (p. R408Q),c. 728G＞A(p. R243Q)and c. 721C＞T( p. R241C),accounting for 14. 86%,13. 51%,and 10. 81%, respectively. After querying international databases,including PAH mutation database and Human Gene Mutation Data﹣base and forecasting softWare,three kinds of mutations c. 314C＞ T(p. T105I),c. 583A＞ G(p. K195E),c . 851G＞A(p. C284Y)Were verified as novel PAH gene mutations. Conclusions The mutation spectrum of the PAH gene in Guangxi has been identified. And 3 kinds of mutations have been identified. This may accumulate valuable information for gene diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis of PKU in Guangxi region.

Objective: To investigate the clinical, biochemical and genetic features of four carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency cases. Methods: Four cases diagnosed with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency from Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital were studied. DNA was extracted from dry blood filter for gene analysis. SLC25A20 gene analysis was performed in 1 case and the whole exon sequence analysis was performed in 3 cases. Results: Retrospective study on unrelated carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency patients, the age of onset was 1-28 d, the age of death were 1.5-30 d, main clinical features were hypoglycemia (4 cases), arrhythmia (2 cases), sudden death (2 cases). Biochemical test showed hypoglycemia (1.2-2.0 mmol/L) , elevated creatine kinase (955-8 361 U/L) and creatine kinase isozyme(199-360 U/L), normal or decreased free carnitine level (3.70-27.07 μmol/L) , elevated long-chain acylcarnitine (palmityl carnitine 1.85-14.84 μmol/L). The gene tests showed that all 4 cases carried SLC25A20 gene c.199-10T> G homozygous mutation, inherited from their parents. By analyzing the haplotype, we found that the mutation loci of C. 199-10T> G were all in the same haplotype. Conclusion The c.199-10T> G mutation is an important molecular cause of carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, which has relatively high frequency in Guangxi population, and is related to the founder effect.

【Objective】 To compare the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous approach with Wiltse approach in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture without neurological deficit in young and middle-aged patients. 【Methods】 A prospective study was conducted in 108 patients with thoracolumbar fracture without neurological symptoms treated in Department of Orthopedics， The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from March 2015 to March 2018. We randomly assigned 54 patients to minimally invasive percutaneous approach group （Group A） and 54 ones to Wiltse approach group （Group B）. We compared the operation time， intraoperative blood loss， incision length， the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy times， and postoperative hospital stay of Group A and Group B. We also compared the VAS scores of the two groups before and 3 days after surgery and at each review， the vertebral frontal height compression ratio and Cobb Angle before and immediately after surgery， 3 months 1 year and 3 years after surgery， and ODI index before surgery and 3 months， 1 year and 3 years after surgery. 【Results】 All the 108 patients were followed up. There were no significant differences in operation time， intraoperative blood loss or postoperative hospital stay between the two groups （P>0.05）. The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy times was significantly smaller in Group B than in Group A （P<0.05）， and the incision length was shorter than that in Group A （P<0.05）. The two groups did not significantly differ in VAS score or ODI index before operation （P>0.05）， after operation， or at follow-up， while the anterior vertebral body height ratio and Cobb angle were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A （P<0.0125）. 【Conclusion】 Minimally invasive percutaneous approach and Wiltse approach are both safe and effective in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture without neurological deficit. However， the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy times of Wiltse approach was significantly reduced， the incision length was smaller than that of the percutaneous pedicle group， and the postoperative anterior vertebral compression rate and Cobb Angle were lower than those of the percutaneous group， indicating better clinical efficacy.