Adult ; Antidotes ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Parathion ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Pralidoxime Compounds ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To produce human papillomavirus type 6(HPV-6)virus-like particles with Escherichia coli expression system and study its immunogenicity.Methods HPV-6 L1 gene was inserted into pmkaryotic expression vector pTO-T7 and then expressed in Escherichia coli ER2566.The HPV-6 L1 protein was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation,ion-exchange chromatography,and hydrophobic interaction chromatography.Then the purified HPV-6 L1 self-assembled into virus-like particle after removing 1,4dithiothreitol(DTr).The morphology of the virus-like particles was investigated with dynamic light scatter and transmission electron microscopy,and the immunogenicity was determined with in vitro pseudownons neutralization as8ay.Results HPV-6 L1 was expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli.Following the removal of DTT,purified HPV-6 L1 protein could assemble into virus-like particles as 25 am in the radius.And the animal immunization test showed HPV-6 virus-like particles can elite hish titer neutralizing antibodies.Conclusion The bacterially expressed HPV-6 L1 VLP is highly immunogenieity and easy to produce.And it can be good candidate of HPV-6 vaccine.

Objective To evaluate values of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in eyes filled with silicone oil.Design Prospective cases series.Participants 40 eyes of 40 patients were filled with silicone oil after ocular injury.Methods MRI was performed in the 40 patients,including axial FSE T_1WI,T_2WI,coronal T_2WI with fat saturation,oblique sagittal T_1WI and axial T_2FLAIR.MRI findings,in- cluding morpbous,signal and complications were analyzed.Oculi axes were measured.Main Outcome Measures Morphous,signal, complications and oculi axes of the eyes filled with silicone oil.Results Affected oculi axis was 2.18cm?0.21cm,normal oculi axis was 2.48cm?0.16cm.The silicone oil in eyes demonstrated isointense signal or slightly hyperintense signal on T_1WI and T_2WI,hypointense signal after fat saturation.Hydrops was found in vitreous cavity in 33 patients,including simple hydrops in 17 patients and complicated other abnormality in 16 patients.Choroidal detachment was found in 11 patients,complicating vitreous hydrops in 5 patients and lo- calized bulge of eyeball wall.Retinal detachments were found in 4 patients,of whom 3 patients complicated with vitreous hydrops.Per- fluorocarbon liquid residual in vitreous cavity,foreign body in anterior chamber,localized thickness of the wall of the globe and meagre- mean of silicone oil in vitreous cavity were found respectively in one patient complicating vitreous hydrops.Except for eye changes, fracture of orbital wall and foreign body in orbit were found in one patient.Conclusions MRI can display the changes of eyes filled with silicone oil,and measure oculi axes biologically and accurately offering important clinical application value.(Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16: 312-315)

Background There have been an abundance of literature on the analysis of the mechanical characteristic of the sclera at the entire seleral level in high myopia.However,some recent studies on high myopia are focused on the mechanical changes of the sclera on a cellular level. Objective This experiment was purposed to study how transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2)affected sclerotic desmocytes and the mechanical behaviors of scleral fibroblasts in the posterior part of the eyes in guinea pigs with experimental myopia. Methods Induced myopic animal models were established by wearing-10.00 D concave lens for 30 days in lateral eyes of 2-week-old guinea pigs.The fellow eyes were used as control group.Another 5 matched animals served as normal controls.The scleral fibroblasts of each group were purified with the tissue explant method and passaged for 2 generations in vitro.Cultured cells were identified by immunochemistry with vimentin,desmin,keratin and S-100 antibodies.Different concentrations of TGF-β2(0,1,10,100mg/L)were added into serum-free DMEM for 24 hours,and the viscoelastic properties of scleral fibroblasts were measured by micropipette aspiration technique. Results Compared with the fellow,eyes and normal control eyes,the equilibrium modulus and apparent viscosity in model eyes were significantly higher(P＜0.05).After treatment of TGF-β2,the equilibrium modulus and apparent viscosity in the model group and fellow eyes were positively correlated with the concentrations of TGF-β2(r=0.743,r=0.533,r=0.654,r=0.576,P＜0.05).Following the addition of 1 mg/L TGF-β2 and 10 mg/L TGF-β2,the equilibrium modulus and apparent viscosity of scleral fibroblasts were significantly reduced in model eyes compared with fellow eyes(P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in the equilibrium modulus and apparent viscosity of scleral fibroblasts between model eyes and fellow eyes after treatment with 100 mg/L TGF-β2(P＞0.05). Conclusion TGF-β2 car increase the mechanic indexes in a concentration.dependent manner.1 mg/L,10 mg/L TGF-β2 can lower the equilibrium modulus and apparent viscosity of scleral fibroblasts of normal eye and thus cause more changes in the mechanical behavior of scleral fibroblasts.

According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Qi (vital energy) is regarded as a driving force of biological activities in human body, including both nutrient substances and organ functions. Qi-invigorating TCMs are widely used to treat various symptoms and disorders, such as fatigue, obesity, immunosuppression, intestinal flora imbalance, and gastrointestinal diseases, in which Qi is considered to be reduced or depleted. Interestingly, abundant clinical evidences suggest that these disorders are associated with the alternation of intestinal flora, which directly affects disease status. Herein we review the interaction between gut microbiota and Qi-invigorating TCMs under healthy and disease conditions and discuss the mechanisms of action and applications of Qi-invigorating TCMs in enhancing health status through microbial alternation. A better understanding of the role of Qi-invigorating TCMs in modulating microbial composition and the association between intestinal microbiota and diseases would help reveal the clinical consequences of microbiota alteration and explore opportunities to harness this symbiotic relationship to improve public health.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; drug effects ; Humans ; Prebiotics ; Qi

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of the factors of time and pressure during cupping treatment on the cupping mark color, so as to provide scientific data and evidence for study on parameters and effect of cupping treatment.

METHODSOrthogonal experimental design was used with 12 stimulating parameters on 3 time levels and 4 pressure levels, cupping was given at 12 sites on the back of a same healthy subject, and 34 persons/times were completed in the experiment. The cupping mark color at each site was assessed 24 hours after cupping with a cupping mark color atlas, and the change law of cupping mark color was analyzed.

RESULTSThere was a significant difference for the different parameters (P < 0.01). The time factor had statistically significant effect on cupping mark color (P < 0.05), showing 10 min >30 min >20 min. The effect of pressure factor on cupping mark color was significant (P < 0.01), showing -0.07 MPa > -0.06 MPa > -0.05 MPa > -0.04 MPa.

CONCLUSIONThe stimulation of 10 minutes and the pressure of -0.04 MPa produces a marked ecchymosis on the cupping site, getting darker and darker along with increase of the stimulation intensity; the effect of pressure factor on cupping mark color is the largest with a linear relationship, which can be expressed as Y (cupping skin color) = 2.025 + 0.902 x 100 x negative pressure absolute value (-MPa); while the effect of time factor on cupping mark color is more complicated, which is possibly related with the cupping site.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pressure ; Skin Pigmentation ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

reproducible, and may cover the major circulating strains in China.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to observe the human hair follicle apoptosis status affected by fluorine and the antagonism effect by selenium in vitro.

METHODSThe single hair follicles were separated and cultured, then they were added in different concentrations of sodium fluoride and sodium selenite. Chosen the appropriate concentrations, they were divided into 7 groups. The TUNEL was used to investigate the apoptotic cells of different parts. The morphous of hair follicles was observed consecutively and electron microscope was used.

RESULTSWe found that in 1 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L sodium fluoride groups, when the human hair follicles in vitro were cultured on the 5th day, the apoptotic cells of outer root sheath (ORS), dermal sheath and hair papilla, hair bulb were obviously increased. But 0.01 mmol/L sodium selenite weakened the toxicity of 1 mmol/L sodium fluoride at the outer root sheath and hair bulb (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDifferent concentrations of sodium fluoride had different effect on the growth of human hair follicle in vitro which were cultured on 5th day. Sodium fluoride of certain concentration could accelerate the apoptosis of human hair follicle in vitro. Sodium selenite of certain concentration could act antagonism to the toxicity of sodium fluoride.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Hair Follicle ; drug effects ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Sodium Fluoride ; pharmacology ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kgr;B) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in lung tissue of acute paraquat poisoned rats.

METHODS68 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group (n = 8), the intoxication group (n = 60). On the 1st, the 3rd, the 7th, the 14th and the 28th day after intoxication, the expression of NF-κB p65 and TNF-α in lung tissue were detected by LSAB immunohistochemistry (IH) staining. Meanwhile, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma, and lung homogenate, the content of malondialdehyde (HPY) in lung homogenate were detected.

RESULTSThe levels of MDA in plasma on the 1st, the 3rd, the 7th day and in lung homogenate on the 1st, the 3rd day of the intoxication group [in plasma: (10.15 ± 3.15), (6.97 ± 1.65) and (5.44 ± 0.66) nmol/ml; in lung homogenate: (10.20 ± 2.43), (10.71 ± 171) nmol/ml] were significantly higher than that of the control group [in plasma: (3.84 ± 1.04) nmol/ml, in lung homogenate: (7.66 ± 0.66) nmol/ml]. The content of HPY in lung homogenate on the 14th and the 28th day after intoxication [(19.98 ± 2.86), (26.06 ± 4.06) µg/0.1 g lung homogenate] were higher than that of the control group [(8.80 ± 1.26) µg/0.1 g lung homogenate] significantly. The expression of NF-κB p65 and TNF-α in lung tissue were both significantly increased on the first day and the 3rd day of the intoxication group compared with the control group and weakened obviously after the 7th day.

CONCLUSIONAcute paraquat poisoning can induce increased expression of both NF-κB p65 and TNF-α in lung tissue; the enhanced activity of NF-κB may take part in the process of pulmonary injury in PQ poisoning.

Animals ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in lung of rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) and the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 on above expression.

METHODSNinety adult healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group (group A, 6 rats), the exposure group (group B, 42 rats) and the group treated by Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 (group C, 42 rats). The group B and C were treated intragastrically with 1ml of PQ (50 mg/kg), and the group A was treated intragastrically with normal saline. The group C was treated intraperitoneally with 1 ml Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 at the dose of 40 mg/kg a day. The group A and B were treated intraperitoneally with 1 ml normal saline day. The expression of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP was detected on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days after exposure for all groups.

RESULTSAs compared with the expression level (0.305 ± 0.045) of MMP-2 mRNA in group A, the expression levels of MMP-2 mRNA in Group B significantly increased, which were 0.654 ± 0.077, 0.623 ± 0.051, 0.637 ± 0.024, 0.533 ± 0.043 and 0.552 ± 0.050 on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st days after exposure, respectively (P < 0.01). As compared with group A, the the expression levels of MMP-2 mRNA on the 1st, 3rd, 7th days in Group C slightly increased, but the expression levels of MMP-2 mRNA on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st days in Group C were 0.523 ± 0.074, 0.567 ± 0.097, 0.514 ± 0.058, 0.359 ± 0.018 and 0.374 ± 0.020, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.01). As compared with the expression level (0.391 ± 0.058) of MT1-MMP mRNA in group A, the expression levels of MT1-MMP mRNA in Group B significantly increased, which were 0.796 ± 0.021, 0.762 ± 0.043, 0.590 ± 0.010, 0.803 ± 0.076 and 0.680 ± 0.034 on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days after exposure, respectively (P < 0.01). As compared with group A, the expression levels of MT1-MMP mRNA in Group C significantly increased, which were 0.594 ± 0.010, 0.653 ± 0.044 and 0.564 ± 0.009 on the 1st, 3rd and 21st days after exposure, respectively (P < 0.01). The expression levels of MT1-MMP mRNA in Group C were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe expression changes of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP genes of lungs in rats intragastrically exposed to PQ could result in the unbalance the synthesis and degradation of ECM, which may be a cause of lung fibrosis. The Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 could affect the expression of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP genes to a certain extent, resulting in the reduction of lung fibrosis.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Paraquat ; toxicity ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Salvia miltiorrhiza